活性炭孔结构及表面特性对油气吸附性能的影响
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摘要
活性炭的孔结构和表面特性对其油气吸附性能有着十分重要的影响。本文对市售活性炭分别采用活化和氢还原的方法进行处理,采用N_2吸附、IR、元素分析等表征方式研究活性炭处理前后的结构性能,探究活性炭的表面与孔结构特性对其油气吸附性能的影响。结果表明:经高温水蒸气活化和氢还原处理后,活性炭的孔结构和表面含氧基团均发生改变,对活性炭油气吸附性能有较大的影响。其中活性炭的孔结构特性对其吸附油气能力起决定作用,经水蒸气活化,孔径在1～2 nm之间的孔发达,对油气的穿透吸附量提高47.5%;经高温氢气处理后的活性炭,表面含氧量降低了23%,对油气的穿透吸附量提高23.9%。
The pore structure and surface characteristics of activated carbon have a very important effect on the adsorption performance of gasoline vapors. In this paper, activated and hydrogen reduction methods are used to treat commercial activated carbon,and its structural properties are characterized by nitrogen adsorption, FT-IR and elemental analysis, and the effects of pore structure and surface characteristics of activated carbon on gasoline vapors adsorption performance are discussed. Results show that both the pore structure and surface functional groups of activated carbon were obviously changed after activated and deoxidized by steam and hydrogen. The pore structure of activated carbon plays a decisive role in its ability to adsorb gasoline vapors. The pores with a diameter between 1 ～2 nm are developed after water vapor activation, and the penetrating adsorption of gasoline vapor is increased by 47.5%. The surface oxygen content of activated carbon treated with high-temperature hydrogen decreased by 23% and the penetrating adsorption of gasoline vapor increased by 23.9%.
The pore structure and surface characteristics of activated carbon have a very important effect on the adsorption performance of gasoline vapors. In this paper, activated and hydrogen reduction methods are used to treat commercial activated carbon,and its structural properties are characterized by nitrogen adsorption, FT-IR and elemental analysis, and the effects of pore structure and surface characteristics of activated carbon on gasoline vapors adsorption performance are discussed. Results show that both the pore structure and surface functional groups of activated carbon were obviously changed after activated and deoxidized by steam and hydrogen. The pore structure of activated carbon plays a decisive role in its ability to adsorb gasoline vapors. The pores with a diameter between 1 ～2 nm are developed after water vapor activation, and the penetrating adsorption of gasoline vapor is increased by 47.5%. The surface oxygen content of activated carbon treated with high-temperature hydrogen decreased by 23% and the penetrating adsorption of gasoline vapor increased by 23.9%.
引文
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[14]许伟,刘军利,孙康.活性炭吸附法在挥发性有机物治理中的应用研究进展[J].化工进展,2016,35(4):1223-1229.
[15]高峰,王媛,李存梅,等.活性炭表面改性及其对CO2吸附性能的影响[J].新型炭材料,2014,29(2):96-101.
[16]李立清,宋剑飞,孙政,等.三种VOCs物性对其在活性炭上吸附行为的影响[J].化工学报,2011,62(10):2784-2790.
[17]张春山,邵曼君.活性炭材料改性及其在环境治理中的应用[J].过程工程学报,2005,5(2):223-227.
[2]石莉,黄维秋,胡志伦,等.油气冷凝和吸附集成回收工艺的研究[J].石油学报(石油加工),2014,30(1):78-84.
[3]黄维秋,吕艳丽.油气吸附剂及其改性方法[J].环境工程学报,2010,9(4):1926-1931.
[4]郝保良.实施油气回收的必要性和技术方案的探讨[J].石油化工管理干部学院学报,2002,27(2):41-42.
[5]Tamon H,Okazaki M.Influence of acidic surface oxides factive carbon on gas adsorption characteristics[J].Carbon,1996,34(6):741-746.
[6]朱亦仁.环境污染治理技术[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1996:42-87.
[7]Zhang X Y,Gao B,Zheng Y L,et al.Biochar for volatile organic compound(VOC)removal:Sorption performance and governing mechanisms[J].Bioresource Technology,2017,245(Part A):606-614.
[8]董军波,黄维秋,白秋云,等.油气回收过程优化模拟[J].炼油技术与工程,2008,38(1):42-45.
[9]叶振华.化工吸附分离过程[M].北京:中国石化出版社,1992:31-170.
[10]Jarorniec M,Madey R·非均匀固体上的物理吸附[M].加璐,陈代云,王广昌译.北京:化学工业出版社,1997:51-98.
[11]Bigazzi A Y,Figliozzi M A,Luo W T,et al.Breath biomarkers to measure uptake of volatile organic compounds by bicyclists[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2016,50(10):5357-5363.
[12]Zhang X Y,Gao B,Creamer A E,et al.Adsorption of VOCs onto engineered c.arbon materials:A review[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2017,338:102-123.
[13]Tsutsumi K,Matsushima Y,Matsuoto A.Surface heterogeneity of modified active carbons[J].Langmuir,1993,9:2665-2669.
[14]许伟,刘军利,孙康.活性炭吸附法在挥发性有机物治理中的应用研究进展[J].化工进展,2016,35(4):1223-1229.
[15]高峰,王媛,李存梅,等.活性炭表面改性及其对CO2吸附性能的影响[J].新型炭材料,2014,29(2):96-101.
[16]李立清,宋剑飞,孙政,等.三种VOCs物性对其在活性炭上吸附行为的影响[J].化工学报,2011,62(10):2784-2790.
[17]张春山,邵曼君.活性炭材料改性及其在环境治理中的应用[J].过程工程学报,2005,5(2):223-227.