海上风电MMC-HVDC联网系统控制策略
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摘要
该文提出提升海上风电场联网运行性能的高压柔性直流输电系统功率控制策略。采用附加频率控制保持风电机组机械功率和电磁功率的平衡,定交流电压控制维持风电场交流侧电压幅值和相位恒定;提出注入三次谐波调制信号的换流站功率运行区间优化方法,有效防止风速突变引起风电机组输出功率超过额定值而导致的换流站闭锁事件,并采用PR控制器对三次谐波调制信号所引起的高次谐波进行抑制。通过数字物理混合仿真系统,构建8台双馈风电机组的风电场通过柔直联网的系统模型,仿真结果表明设计的控制方法具有良好的动态、稳态特性。
In this paper,the power control strategy of flexible HVDC transmission system is proposed to enhance the network operation performance of offshore wind farm. Using additional frequency control to maintain the balance of mechanical power and electromagnetic power of wind turbine,AC voltage control is used to maintain the amplitude and phase of wind farm voltage. The method of optimizing power operating range of the converter station by injecting the third harmonic modulation signal is proposed to effectively prevent the blocking event of the converter station caused by the wind turbine generator output power exceeding the rated value caused by the sudden change of wind speed,and then use the PR controller to suppress the high-order harmonics caused by the third harmonic modulation signal. Through the digital physics hybrid simulation system,the model of wind farm containing eight double-fed wind turbines that is connected with the grid by the flexible HVDC transmission system is built,and the simulation results show that the proposed control method has good dynamic and steady-state characteristics.
In this paper,the power control strategy of flexible HVDC transmission system is proposed to enhance the network operation performance of offshore wind farm. Using additional frequency control to maintain the balance of mechanical power and electromagnetic power of wind turbine,AC voltage control is used to maintain the amplitude and phase of wind farm voltage. The method of optimizing power operating range of the converter station by injecting the third harmonic modulation signal is proposed to effectively prevent the blocking event of the converter station caused by the wind turbine generator output power exceeding the rated value caused by the sudden change of wind speed,and then use the PR controller to suppress the high-order harmonics caused by the third harmonic modulation signal. Through the digital physics hybrid simulation system,the model of wind farm containing eight double-fed wind turbines that is connected with the grid by the flexible HVDC transmission system is built,and the simulation results show that the proposed control method has good dynamic and steady-state characteristics.
引文
[1]迟永宁,刘燕华,王伟胜,等.风电接入对电力系统的影响[J].电网技术,2007,31(3):77—81.[1]Chi Yongning,Liu Yanhua,Wang Weisheng,et al.Study on impact of wind power integration on power system[J]. Power System Technology,2007,31(3):77—81.
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[4]Flourentzou N,Agelidis V G,Demetriades G D. VSCbased HVDC power transmission systems:An overview[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2009,24(3):592—602.
[5]Pirouz H M,Bina M T,Kanzi K,et al. A new approach to the modulation and dc-link balancing strategy of modular multilevel AC/AC converters[A]. 2005International Conference on Power Electronics and Drives Systems,The 6th PEDS[C],Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia,2005.
[6]丁冠军,汤广福,丁明,等.新型多电平VSC子模块电容参数与均压策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(30):1—6.[6]Ding Guanjun, Tang Guangfu, Ding Ming, et al.Submodule capacitance parameter and voltage balancing scheme of a new multilevel VSC modular[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(30):1—6.
[7]管敏渊,徐政,屠卿瑞,等.模块化多电平换流器型直流输电的调制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(2):48—52.[7]Guan Minyuan,Xu Zheng,Tu Qingrui,et al. Nearest level modulation for modular multilevel converters in HVDC transmission[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(2):48—52.
[8]Antonopoulos A,Angquist L,Nee H-P. On dynamics and voltage control of the modular multilevel converter[A]. 2009 13th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications(EPE)[C], Barcelona Spain,2009.
[9]蔡旭,施刚,迟永宁,等.海上全直流型风电场的研究现状与未来发展[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(8):2036—2048.[9]Cai Xu,Shi Gang,Chi Yongning,et al. Present status and future development of offshore all-DC wind farm[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(8):2036—2048.
[10]Li R,Bozhko S V,Asher G M. Grid frequency control for LCC HVDC link connected wind farms[A]. IECON2007-33rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society[C],Taipei,Taiwan,2007.
[11]王伟,石新春,付超,等.海上多端直流输电系统协调控制研究[J].电网技术,2014,38(1):8—15.[11]Wang Wei,Shi Xinchun,Fu Chao,et al. Coordinated control of multi-terminal HVDC transmission system for offshore wind farms[J]. Power System Technology,2014,38(1):8—15.
[12]李响,韩民晓.海上风电串联多端VSC-HVDC协调控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(5):42—57.[12]Li Xiang,Han Minxiao. A coordinated control strategy of series multi-Terminal VSC-HVDC for offshore wind farm[J]. Transaction of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(5):42—57.
[13]范心明,管霖,夏成军,等.风电场交直流混合输电并网中VSC-HVDC的控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(28):4781—4790.[13]Fan Xinming,Guan Lin,Xia Chengjun,et al. Control of VSC-HVDC in AC/DC hybrid transmission with wind farms integrated[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(28):4781—4790.
[14]王国强,王志新,张华强,等.基于DPC的海上风场VSC-HVDC变流器控制策略[J].电力自动化设备,2011,31(7):115—119.[14]Wang Guoqiang,Wang Zhixin,Zhang Huaqiang,et al.DPC-based control strategy of VSC-HVDC controller for offshore wind farm[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2011,31(7):115—119.
[15]王书征,郑良广,赵剑锋.用于海上风电场并网的多模块变压器耦合型VSC-HVDC技术[J].电力自动化设备,2011,31(10):101—106.[15]Wang Shuzheng,Zheng Liangguang,Zhao Jianfeng.VSC-HVDC technology of multi-module transformer for grid-connection of offshore wind farm[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2011,31(10):101—106.
[16]姚骏,夏先锋,陈西寅,等.风电并网用全功率变流器谐波电流抑制研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(16):17—25.[16]Yao Jun,Xia Xianfeng,Chen Xiyin,et al. Harmonic currents suppression for full size power grid-connection converter used for wind power generation[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(16):17—25.
[17]曾翔君,张宏韬,李迎,等.大功率直驱风电系统高效率变流器设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(30):15—21.[17]Zeng Xiangjun,Zhang Hongtao,Li Ying,et al. Design of high-efficiency converters for large direct-drive wind turbines[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(30):15—21.
[18]辛业春,江守其,李国庆,等.柔性直流输电系统数字物理混合仿真改进阻尼阻抗接口算法[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(21):90—97.[18]Xin Yechun,Jiang Shouqi,Li Guoqing,et al. Improved damping impedance interface algorithm if power hardware-in-the-loop simulation for flexible DC transmission systems[J]. Automation of Electric Power System,2016,40(21):90—97.
[19]辛业春,江守其,李国庆,等.电力系统数字物理混合仿真接口算法综述[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(15):159—167.[19]Xin Yechun,Jiang Shouqi,Li Guoqing,et al. Review on interface algorithms if power hardware-in-the-loop simulation for power systems[J]. Automation of ElectricPower System,2016,40(15):159—167.
[20]李国庆,江守其,辛业春,等.柔性高压直流输电系统数字物理混合仿真功率接口及其算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(7):1915—1924.[20]Li Guoqing,Jiang Shouqi,Xin Yechun,et al. A Novel interface algorithm of power hardware-in-the-loop simulation for MMC-HVDC[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(7):1915—1924.
[21]林楚乔,江守其,陈厚合. MMC-HVDC数模混合仿真功率接口算法研究[J].东北电力大学学报,2016,36(2):1—6.[21]Lin Chuqiao,Jiang Shouqi,Chen Houhe. A improved interface algorithm of power hardware-in-the-loop simulation for MMC-HVDC[J]. Journal of Northeast Dianli University,2016,36(2):1—6.
[22]周月宾,江道灼,郭捷,等.模块化多电平换流器子模块电容电压波动与内部环流分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(24):8—14.[22]Zhou Yuebin,Jiang Daozhuo,Guo Jie,et al. Analysis of sub-module capacitor voltage ripples and circulating currents in modular multilevel converters[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(24):8—14.
[23]王鹏伍,崔翔. MMC-HVDC三相解耦二次谐波环流抑制算法[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(15):47—52.[23]Wang Wupeng, Cui Xiang. Three phases decoupled second harmonic circulation current suppression algorithm for MMC-HCDC[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(15):47—52.
[24]李国庆,辛业春,吴学光.模块化多电平换流器桥臂电流分析及其环流抑制方法[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(24):62—67.[24]Li Guoqing,Xin Yechun,Wu Xueguang. Arm current analysis of modular multilevel converter and its circulating current suppressing method[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(24):62—27.
[2]Mao C N,Rudion K,Orths A,et al. Grid connection of offshore wind farm based DFIG with low frequency AC transmission system[C]. 2012 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting[C],San Diego,CA,USA,2012.
[3]王锡凡,卫晓辉,宁联辉,等.海上风电并网与传输方案比较[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(31):5459—5466.[3]Wang Xifan, Wei Xiaohui, Ning Lianhui, et al.Integration techniques and transmission schemes for offshore wind farms[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(31):5459—5466.
[4]Flourentzou N,Agelidis V G,Demetriades G D. VSCbased HVDC power transmission systems:An overview[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2009,24(3):592—602.
[5]Pirouz H M,Bina M T,Kanzi K,et al. A new approach to the modulation and dc-link balancing strategy of modular multilevel AC/AC converters[A]. 2005International Conference on Power Electronics and Drives Systems,The 6th PEDS[C],Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia,2005.
[6]丁冠军,汤广福,丁明,等.新型多电平VSC子模块电容参数与均压策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(30):1—6.[6]Ding Guanjun, Tang Guangfu, Ding Ming, et al.Submodule capacitance parameter and voltage balancing scheme of a new multilevel VSC modular[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(30):1—6.
[7]管敏渊,徐政,屠卿瑞,等.模块化多电平换流器型直流输电的调制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(2):48—52.[7]Guan Minyuan,Xu Zheng,Tu Qingrui,et al. Nearest level modulation for modular multilevel converters in HVDC transmission[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(2):48—52.
[8]Antonopoulos A,Angquist L,Nee H-P. On dynamics and voltage control of the modular multilevel converter[A]. 2009 13th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications(EPE)[C], Barcelona Spain,2009.
[9]蔡旭,施刚,迟永宁,等.海上全直流型风电场的研究现状与未来发展[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(8):2036—2048.[9]Cai Xu,Shi Gang,Chi Yongning,et al. Present status and future development of offshore all-DC wind farm[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(8):2036—2048.
[10]Li R,Bozhko S V,Asher G M. Grid frequency control for LCC HVDC link connected wind farms[A]. IECON2007-33rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society[C],Taipei,Taiwan,2007.
[11]王伟,石新春,付超,等.海上多端直流输电系统协调控制研究[J].电网技术,2014,38(1):8—15.[11]Wang Wei,Shi Xinchun,Fu Chao,et al. Coordinated control of multi-terminal HVDC transmission system for offshore wind farms[J]. Power System Technology,2014,38(1):8—15.
[12]李响,韩民晓.海上风电串联多端VSC-HVDC协调控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(5):42—57.[12]Li Xiang,Han Minxiao. A coordinated control strategy of series multi-Terminal VSC-HVDC for offshore wind farm[J]. Transaction of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(5):42—57.
[13]范心明,管霖,夏成军,等.风电场交直流混合输电并网中VSC-HVDC的控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(28):4781—4790.[13]Fan Xinming,Guan Lin,Xia Chengjun,et al. Control of VSC-HVDC in AC/DC hybrid transmission with wind farms integrated[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(28):4781—4790.
[14]王国强,王志新,张华强,等.基于DPC的海上风场VSC-HVDC变流器控制策略[J].电力自动化设备,2011,31(7):115—119.[14]Wang Guoqiang,Wang Zhixin,Zhang Huaqiang,et al.DPC-based control strategy of VSC-HVDC controller for offshore wind farm[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2011,31(7):115—119.
[15]王书征,郑良广,赵剑锋.用于海上风电场并网的多模块变压器耦合型VSC-HVDC技术[J].电力自动化设备,2011,31(10):101—106.[15]Wang Shuzheng,Zheng Liangguang,Zhao Jianfeng.VSC-HVDC technology of multi-module transformer for grid-connection of offshore wind farm[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2011,31(10):101—106.
[16]姚骏,夏先锋,陈西寅,等.风电并网用全功率变流器谐波电流抑制研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(16):17—25.[16]Yao Jun,Xia Xianfeng,Chen Xiyin,et al. Harmonic currents suppression for full size power grid-connection converter used for wind power generation[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(16):17—25.
[17]曾翔君,张宏韬,李迎,等.大功率直驱风电系统高效率变流器设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(30):15—21.[17]Zeng Xiangjun,Zhang Hongtao,Li Ying,et al. Design of high-efficiency converters for large direct-drive wind turbines[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(30):15—21.
[18]辛业春,江守其,李国庆,等.柔性直流输电系统数字物理混合仿真改进阻尼阻抗接口算法[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(21):90—97.[18]Xin Yechun,Jiang Shouqi,Li Guoqing,et al. Improved damping impedance interface algorithm if power hardware-in-the-loop simulation for flexible DC transmission systems[J]. Automation of Electric Power System,2016,40(21):90—97.
[19]辛业春,江守其,李国庆,等.电力系统数字物理混合仿真接口算法综述[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(15):159—167.[19]Xin Yechun,Jiang Shouqi,Li Guoqing,et al. Review on interface algorithms if power hardware-in-the-loop simulation for power systems[J]. Automation of ElectricPower System,2016,40(15):159—167.
[20]李国庆,江守其,辛业春,等.柔性高压直流输电系统数字物理混合仿真功率接口及其算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(7):1915—1924.[20]Li Guoqing,Jiang Shouqi,Xin Yechun,et al. A Novel interface algorithm of power hardware-in-the-loop simulation for MMC-HVDC[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(7):1915—1924.
[21]林楚乔,江守其,陈厚合. MMC-HVDC数模混合仿真功率接口算法研究[J].东北电力大学学报,2016,36(2):1—6.[21]Lin Chuqiao,Jiang Shouqi,Chen Houhe. A improved interface algorithm of power hardware-in-the-loop simulation for MMC-HVDC[J]. Journal of Northeast Dianli University,2016,36(2):1—6.
[22]周月宾,江道灼,郭捷,等.模块化多电平换流器子模块电容电压波动与内部环流分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(24):8—14.[22]Zhou Yuebin,Jiang Daozhuo,Guo Jie,et al. Analysis of sub-module capacitor voltage ripples and circulating currents in modular multilevel converters[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(24):8—14.
[23]王鹏伍,崔翔. MMC-HVDC三相解耦二次谐波环流抑制算法[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(15):47—52.[23]Wang Wupeng, Cui Xiang. Three phases decoupled second harmonic circulation current suppression algorithm for MMC-HCDC[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(15):47—52.
[24]李国庆,辛业春,吴学光.模块化多电平换流器桥臂电流分析及其环流抑制方法[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(24):62—67.[24]Li Guoqing,Xin Yechun,Wu Xueguang. Arm current analysis of modular multilevel converter and its circulating current suppressing method[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(24):62—27.