中国画矿物颜料朱砂和石黄的光谱混合模型
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摘要
高光谱技术是一种新型的无损观测手段,已开始被用于中国古画颜料的鉴别与分析,但古画中混合颜料的定量分析仍然是一个难题。针对中国古画中较常见的矿物颜料混合现象,以朱砂、石黄两种典型的矿物颜料为例,精确配比并严格控制实验条件获取混合矿物颜料样本及其光谱,对实验数据分别进行全波段光谱解混和单波段光谱解混,探讨线性光谱混合模型对于朱砂和石黄矿物颜料混合样本光谱的适用性。实验结果表明,朱砂、石黄两种矿物颜料的光谱混合从总体上来说并不符合线性混合,但是在局部波段具有较强线性特征,利用这些波段采用比值导数光谱解混算法可以取得较高的定量分析精度。
Hyperspectral remote sensing is a completely non-invasive technology for measurement of cultural relics,and has been successfully applied in identification and analysis of pigments of Chinese ancient paintings.Although the phenomenon of mixing pigments is very usual in Chinese ancient paintings,the quantitative analysis of the mixing pigments in the ancient paintings is still unsolved.Two typical mineral pigments,vermilion and stone yellow were taken as example,made precisely mixed samples using these two kinds of pigments,and measured their spectra in the laboratory.For the mixing spectra,both fully constrained least square(FCLS) method and derivative of ratio spectroscopy(DRS) were performed.Experimental results showed that the mixing spectra of vermilion and stone yellow had strong nonlinear mixing characteristics,but at some bands linear unmixing could also achieve satisfactory results.DRS using strong linear bands can reach much higher accuracy than that of FCLS using full bands.
Hyperspectral remote sensing is a completely non-invasive technology for measurement of cultural relics,and has been successfully applied in identification and analysis of pigments of Chinese ancient paintings.Although the phenomenon of mixing pigments is very usual in Chinese ancient paintings,the quantitative analysis of the mixing pigments in the ancient paintings is still unsolved.Two typical mineral pigments,vermilion and stone yellow were taken as example,made precisely mixed samples using these two kinds of pigments,and measured their spectra in the laboratory.For the mixing spectra,both fully constrained least square(FCLS) method and derivative of ratio spectroscopy(DRS) were performed.Experimental results showed that the mixing spectra of vermilion and stone yellow had strong nonlinear mixing characteristics,but at some bands linear unmixing could also achieve satisfactory results.DRS using strong linear bands can reach much higher accuracy than that of FCLS using full bands.
引文
1武锋强,杨武年,李丹.基于光谱特征拟合的艺术画颜料成分识别研究.光散射学报,2014;26(1):88-92Wu Fengqiang,Yang Wunian,Li Dan.Research on art painting pigment composition recognition based on spectra feature fitting.The Journal of Light Scattering,2014;26(1):88-92
2闫丽霞.基于多光谱技术的中国古画虚拟修复研究.天津:天津大学,2012Yan Lixia.Researches on virtual recovery of Chinese paintings based on multispectral technology.Tianjin:Tianjin University,2012
3 Cloutis E,Mackay A,Norman L,et al.Identification of historic artists'pigments using spectral reflectance and X-ray diffraction properties I.Iron oxide and oxy-hydroxide-rich pigments.Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy,2011;24(1):27-45
4丁新峰.基于高光谱成像技术的文物颜料研究.北京:北京建筑大学,2015Ding Xinfeng.Ancient Chinese painting pigments research based on Hyper-spectral imaging technology.Beijing:Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,2015
5童庆禧,张兵,郑兰芬.高光谱遥感:原理、技术与应用.北京:高等教育出版社,2006:38-67Tong Qingxi,Zhang Bing,Zheng Lanfen.Hyperspectral remote sensing:The principle of the technology and application.Beijing:Beijing Higher Education Press,2006:38-67
6 Dupuis G,Menu M.Quantitative evaluation of pigment particles in organic layers by fibre-optics diffuse-reflectance spectroscopy.Applied Physics A,2005;80(4):667-673
7王乐乐,李志敏,马清林,等.高光谱技术无损鉴定壁画颜料之研究---以西藏拉萨大昭寺壁画为例.敦煌研究,2015;(3):122-128Wang Lele,Li Zhimin,Ma Qinglin,et al.Non-destructive and in-situ identification of pigments in wall paintings using hyperspectral technology.Dunhuang Research,2015;(3):122-128
8 Cloutis E,Norman L,Cuddy M,et al.Spectral reflectance(350~2500 nm)properties of historic artists'pigments.Ⅱ.Red-orangeyellow chromates,jarosites,organics,lead(-tin)oxides,sulfides,nitrites and antimonates.Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy,2016;24(2):119-140
9丁新峰.基于光谱匹配技术的古重彩画颜料鉴定研究.环球人文地理,2014;(24):204-205Ding Xinfeng.Research on pigment identification of Chinese painting based on spectral matching technology.Cultural Geograph,2014;(24):204-205
10巩梦婷,冯萍莉.高光谱成像技术在中国画颜料分类和识别上的应用初探---以光谱角填图(SAM)为例.文物保护与考古科学,2014;26(4):76-83Gong Mengting,Feng Pingli.Preliminary study on the application of hyperspectral imaging in the classification of and identification Chinese traditional pigments classification-A case study of spectral angle mapper.Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology,2014;26(4):76-83
11童庆禧,张兵,张立福.中国高光谱遥感的前沿进展.遥感学报,2016;20(5):689-707Tong Qingxi,Zhang Bing,Zhang Lifu.Current progress of hyperspectral remote sensing in China.Journal of Remote Sensing,2016;20(5):689-707
12 Balas C,Papadakis V,Papadakis N,et al.A novel hyper-spectral imaging apparatus for the non-destructive analysis of objects of artistic and historic value.Journal of Cultural Heritage,2003;4(1):330-337
13 Dupuis G,Menu M.Quantitative characterisation of pigment mixtures used in art by fibre-optics diffuse-reflectance spectroscopy.Applied Physics A,2006;83(4):469-474
14 Chen J,Richard C,Honeine P.Nonlinear unmixing of hyperspectral data based on a linear-mixture/nonlinear-fluctuation model.IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2013;61(2):480-492
15 Wang L,Liang G,Dang G.A study on the protection to relics and the related problems with diffuse reflectance spectroscopy.Spectrochimica Acta Part A:Molecular&Biomolecular Spectroscopy,2005;61(5):1021
16赵恒谦,张立福,吴太夏,等.比值导数法矿物组分光谱解混模型研究.光谱学与光谱分析,2013;33(1):172-176Zhao Hengqian,Zhang Lifu,Wu Taixia,et al.Research on the model of spectral unmixing for minerals based on derivative of ratio spectroscopy.Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2013;33(1):172-176
17赵恒谦,张立福,岑奕,等.基于比值导数光谱法的强线性波段特征分析.红外与毫米波学报,2013;32(6):563-568Zhao Hengqian,Zhang Lifu,Cen Yi,et al.Research on the characteristics of strong linearly related bands based on derivative of ratio spectroscopy.Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves,2013;32(6):563-568
18何秋菊.中国古代建筑油饰彩画风化原因及机理研究.西安:西北大学,2008He Qiuju.Study of weathering reasons and mechanism on painting and colored drawing of Chinese ancient architecture.Xi'an:Northwest University,2008
19 Heylen R,Parente M,Gader P.A review of nonlinear hyperspectral unmixing methods.IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing,2014;7(6):1844-1868
20 Singer R B.Near-infrared spectral reflectance of mineral mixtures:Systematic combinations of pyroxenes,olivine,and iron oxides.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,1981;86(B9):7967-7982
21 Heylen R,Gader P.Nonlinear spectral unmixing with a linear mixture of intimate mixtures model.IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters,2014;11(7):1195-1199
2闫丽霞.基于多光谱技术的中国古画虚拟修复研究.天津:天津大学,2012Yan Lixia.Researches on virtual recovery of Chinese paintings based on multispectral technology.Tianjin:Tianjin University,2012
3 Cloutis E,Mackay A,Norman L,et al.Identification of historic artists'pigments using spectral reflectance and X-ray diffraction properties I.Iron oxide and oxy-hydroxide-rich pigments.Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy,2011;24(1):27-45
4丁新峰.基于高光谱成像技术的文物颜料研究.北京:北京建筑大学,2015Ding Xinfeng.Ancient Chinese painting pigments research based on Hyper-spectral imaging technology.Beijing:Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,2015
5童庆禧,张兵,郑兰芬.高光谱遥感:原理、技术与应用.北京:高等教育出版社,2006:38-67Tong Qingxi,Zhang Bing,Zheng Lanfen.Hyperspectral remote sensing:The principle of the technology and application.Beijing:Beijing Higher Education Press,2006:38-67
6 Dupuis G,Menu M.Quantitative evaluation of pigment particles in organic layers by fibre-optics diffuse-reflectance spectroscopy.Applied Physics A,2005;80(4):667-673
7王乐乐,李志敏,马清林,等.高光谱技术无损鉴定壁画颜料之研究---以西藏拉萨大昭寺壁画为例.敦煌研究,2015;(3):122-128Wang Lele,Li Zhimin,Ma Qinglin,et al.Non-destructive and in-situ identification of pigments in wall paintings using hyperspectral technology.Dunhuang Research,2015;(3):122-128
8 Cloutis E,Norman L,Cuddy M,et al.Spectral reflectance(350~2500 nm)properties of historic artists'pigments.Ⅱ.Red-orangeyellow chromates,jarosites,organics,lead(-tin)oxides,sulfides,nitrites and antimonates.Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy,2016;24(2):119-140
9丁新峰.基于光谱匹配技术的古重彩画颜料鉴定研究.环球人文地理,2014;(24):204-205Ding Xinfeng.Research on pigment identification of Chinese painting based on spectral matching technology.Cultural Geograph,2014;(24):204-205
10巩梦婷,冯萍莉.高光谱成像技术在中国画颜料分类和识别上的应用初探---以光谱角填图(SAM)为例.文物保护与考古科学,2014;26(4):76-83Gong Mengting,Feng Pingli.Preliminary study on the application of hyperspectral imaging in the classification of and identification Chinese traditional pigments classification-A case study of spectral angle mapper.Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology,2014;26(4):76-83
11童庆禧,张兵,张立福.中国高光谱遥感的前沿进展.遥感学报,2016;20(5):689-707Tong Qingxi,Zhang Bing,Zhang Lifu.Current progress of hyperspectral remote sensing in China.Journal of Remote Sensing,2016;20(5):689-707
12 Balas C,Papadakis V,Papadakis N,et al.A novel hyper-spectral imaging apparatus for the non-destructive analysis of objects of artistic and historic value.Journal of Cultural Heritage,2003;4(1):330-337
13 Dupuis G,Menu M.Quantitative characterisation of pigment mixtures used in art by fibre-optics diffuse-reflectance spectroscopy.Applied Physics A,2006;83(4):469-474
14 Chen J,Richard C,Honeine P.Nonlinear unmixing of hyperspectral data based on a linear-mixture/nonlinear-fluctuation model.IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2013;61(2):480-492
15 Wang L,Liang G,Dang G.A study on the protection to relics and the related problems with diffuse reflectance spectroscopy.Spectrochimica Acta Part A:Molecular&Biomolecular Spectroscopy,2005;61(5):1021
16赵恒谦,张立福,吴太夏,等.比值导数法矿物组分光谱解混模型研究.光谱学与光谱分析,2013;33(1):172-176Zhao Hengqian,Zhang Lifu,Wu Taixia,et al.Research on the model of spectral unmixing for minerals based on derivative of ratio spectroscopy.Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2013;33(1):172-176
17赵恒谦,张立福,岑奕,等.基于比值导数光谱法的强线性波段特征分析.红外与毫米波学报,2013;32(6):563-568Zhao Hengqian,Zhang Lifu,Cen Yi,et al.Research on the characteristics of strong linearly related bands based on derivative of ratio spectroscopy.Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves,2013;32(6):563-568
18何秋菊.中国古代建筑油饰彩画风化原因及机理研究.西安:西北大学,2008He Qiuju.Study of weathering reasons and mechanism on painting and colored drawing of Chinese ancient architecture.Xi'an:Northwest University,2008
19 Heylen R,Parente M,Gader P.A review of nonlinear hyperspectral unmixing methods.IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing,2014;7(6):1844-1868
20 Singer R B.Near-infrared spectral reflectance of mineral mixtures:Systematic combinations of pyroxenes,olivine,and iron oxides.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,1981;86(B9):7967-7982
21 Heylen R,Gader P.Nonlinear spectral unmixing with a linear mixture of intimate mixtures model.IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters,2014;11(7):1195-1199