基于循环码的LWT-DCT半脆弱音频水印算法
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摘要
为增强音频水印的实用性,提出一种新的半脆弱音频水印算法。算法应用多次混沌加密,确保水印安全可靠;充分利用提升小波分解特性与DCT变换特性,选择系数并自适应量化嵌入水印,保证水印的稳定性;把数字音频水印技术看作信道抗干扰的通信过程,引入循环编码纠正由各种信号干扰引起的错误,进一步提升水印的鲁棒性。实验结果表明,该算法的水印安全性较高,对一般音频信号处理鲁棒性较强,对恶意篡改的定位与提示准确性较高。
In order to enhance the practicability of audio watermarking,a new semi-fragile audio watermarking algorithm was proposed in this paper.The algorithm used multiple chaotic encryptions to ensure the security and reliability of the watermark.Taking full advantage of the features of LWT and DCT,the watermark was embedded in selected coefficient with adaptive quantization to ensure the stability of the watermark.In addition,the algorithm regarded the digital audio watermarking techniques as anti-jamming communication process of the channel,introduced cyclic coding to correct the errors caused by all kinds of jamming signals and further enhanced the robustness of the watermark.The experimental results show that the watermarking algorithm has high-security,good-robustness in normal audio signal processing and high-accuracy for locating and alerting of the malicious tamper.
In order to enhance the practicability of audio watermarking,a new semi-fragile audio watermarking algorithm was proposed in this paper.The algorithm used multiple chaotic encryptions to ensure the security and reliability of the watermark.Taking full advantage of the features of LWT and DCT,the watermark was embedded in selected coefficient with adaptive quantization to ensure the stability of the watermark.In addition,the algorithm regarded the digital audio watermarking techniques as anti-jamming communication process of the channel,introduced cyclic coding to correct the errors caused by all kinds of jamming signals and further enhanced the robustness of the watermark.The experimental results show that the watermarking algorithm has high-security,good-robustness in normal audio signal processing and high-accuracy for locating and alerting of the malicious tamper.
引文
[1]王炳锡,陈琦,邓峰森.数字水印技术[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2003:106-122.
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[3]王向阳,祁薇.用于版权保护与内容认证的半脆弱音频水印算法[J].自动化学报,2007,33(9):936-940.WANG Xiangyang,QI Wei.A Semi-fragile Audio Watermarking for Copyright Protection and Content Authentication[J].Acta Automatica Sinica,2007,33(9):936-940.
[4]寇占奎,徐江峰.基于音频特征的半脆弱水印方案[J].计算机工程与设计,2012,33(9):3323-3326.KOU Zhankui,XU Jiangfeng.Semi-fragile Watermarking Based on Audio Features[J].Computer Engineering and Design,2012,33(9):3323-3326.
[5]赵红.基于KMP的高效半脆弱音频水印算法[J].计算机工程,2012,38(5):111-113.ZHAO Hong.Efficient Semi-fragile Audio Watermark Algorithm Based on KMP[J].Computer Engineering,2012,38(5):111-113.
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[7]单亦先.循环码的实现方法及其在前向纠错中的应用[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2001,25(5):98-99.SHAN Yixian.Realizing Methods of Circulation Codes and Its Application in Forward Error Checking[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2001,25(5):98-99.
[8]张德丰.MATLAB小波分析[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2011:330-365.
[9]杨晋霞,鞠杰,邵峰.基于超混沌加密的半脆弱音频水印算法[J].计算机应用与软件,2014,31(11):295-298.YANG Jinxia,JU Jie,SHAO Feng.Semi-fragile Audio Watermarking Algorithm Based on Hyper-chaos Encryption[J].Computer Applications and Software,2014,31(11):295-298.
[10]赵红,崔永瑞,沈东升.用于内容认证的半脆弱音频水印算法[J].小型微型计算机系统,2009,30(1):140-143.ZHAO Hong,CUI Yongrui,SHEN Dongsheng.Semifragile Audio Watermarking for Content Authentication[J].Journal of Chinese Computer Systems,2009,30(1):140-143.
[11]钱清,王宏霞,刘正辉.基于基音周期的语音内容认证算法[J].铁道学报,2014,36(9):60-67.QIAN Qing,WANG Hongxia,LIU Zhenghui.Speech Content Authentication Algorithm Based on Pitch Period[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2014,36(9):60-67.
[2]李伟,袁一群,李晓强.数字音频水印技术综述[J].通信学报,2005,26(2):100-111.LI Wei,YUAN Yiqun,LI Xiaoqiang.Overview of Digital Audio Watermarking[J].Journal on Communications,2005,26(2):100-111.
[3]王向阳,祁薇.用于版权保护与内容认证的半脆弱音频水印算法[J].自动化学报,2007,33(9):936-940.WANG Xiangyang,QI Wei.A Semi-fragile Audio Watermarking for Copyright Protection and Content Authentication[J].Acta Automatica Sinica,2007,33(9):936-940.
[4]寇占奎,徐江峰.基于音频特征的半脆弱水印方案[J].计算机工程与设计,2012,33(9):3323-3326.KOU Zhankui,XU Jiangfeng.Semi-fragile Watermarking Based on Audio Features[J].Computer Engineering and Design,2012,33(9):3323-3326.
[5]赵红.基于KMP的高效半脆弱音频水印算法[J].计算机工程,2012,38(5):111-113.ZHAO Hong.Efficient Semi-fragile Audio Watermark Algorithm Based on KMP[J].Computer Engineering,2012,38(5):111-113.
[6]梅时春,李人厚,党红梅.基于差错控制编码的数字图像水印方法[J].计算机工程与应用,2003,39(24):100-102.MEI Shichun,LI Renhou,DANG Hongmei.A Digital Image Watermark Method Based on ECC[J].Computer Engineering and Applications,2003,39(24):100-102.
[7]单亦先.循环码的实现方法及其在前向纠错中的应用[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2001,25(5):98-99.SHAN Yixian.Realizing Methods of Circulation Codes and Its Application in Forward Error Checking[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2001,25(5):98-99.
[8]张德丰.MATLAB小波分析[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2011:330-365.
[9]杨晋霞,鞠杰,邵峰.基于超混沌加密的半脆弱音频水印算法[J].计算机应用与软件,2014,31(11):295-298.YANG Jinxia,JU Jie,SHAO Feng.Semi-fragile Audio Watermarking Algorithm Based on Hyper-chaos Encryption[J].Computer Applications and Software,2014,31(11):295-298.
[10]赵红,崔永瑞,沈东升.用于内容认证的半脆弱音频水印算法[J].小型微型计算机系统,2009,30(1):140-143.ZHAO Hong,CUI Yongrui,SHEN Dongsheng.Semifragile Audio Watermarking for Content Authentication[J].Journal of Chinese Computer Systems,2009,30(1):140-143.
[11]钱清,王宏霞,刘正辉.基于基音周期的语音内容认证算法[J].铁道学报,2014,36(9):60-67.QIAN Qing,WANG Hongxia,LIU Zhenghui.Speech Content Authentication Algorithm Based on Pitch Period[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2014,36(9):60-67.