基于温度与荷载实际耦合的沥青路面车辙预估
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摘要
为了研究在路面温度场与实际交通荷载分布下的车辙发展规律,分析温度与荷载实际耦合作用对沥青路面车辙的影响,建立不同月份下的车辙预估公式,并通过室内试验分析温度对不同类型沥青混合料的车辙影响程度。利用ABAQUS有限元软件,建立了路面结构不同时间与深度处的温度场,同时考虑交通荷载随时间分布的特性,计算得到1d内不同时段轴载累积作用次数及时间分布比例,以确定各温度场下典型月份的车辙临界温度及年车辙临界温度。根据车辙与平均气温的关系式计算得到各月份平均温度与20℃平均温度下的车辙比,进行公式修正及换算后,得到不同月份下考虑路面温度与荷载实际耦合作用的车辙预估公式。研究结果表明:利用马歇尔方法得到沥青混合料动稳定度在60℃时突降,降低率高达50%,旋转试验机方法(GTM)得到的沥青混合料动稳定度最大降低率出现在70℃时,约为50%,高温对车辙的影响较大;12月、4月、8月份的车辙临界温度分别为16℃、22℃、33℃,路面的年车辙临界温度为30℃,且当路面温度低于临界温度时产生的车辙对总车辙的贡献率分别为10%、3.3%、1.5%;车辙RD与平均气温T的相关关系式为RD=0.122T2-3.344T+24.888,以及平均温度为20℃时的车辙RD20与荷载作用次数N的拟合公式为RD20=0.485 6 N0.188 9。
To analyze rutting development on an asphalt pavement,under the distribution of pavement temperature field,the actual traffic load,and the coupling effect of temperature and load,the rutting prediction formula across different months was established.The influence of temperature on the rutting of different types of asphalt mixtures was analyzed through an indoor test.ABAQUS was used to establish the temperature field at different time durations and depth of the pavement structure.According to the characteristics of traffic load distribution over time,the cumulative action time and time distribution ratio of axle load,during different periods in a day,were calculated.The critical rutting temperature and annual rutting temperature in typical months under each temperature field were determined.According to the relationship between therut and the average temperature,the rut ratio of the average temperature across different months and the average temperature at 20 ℃ was calculated.After correction and conversion of the formula,the rut prediction formula,considering the actual coupling effect of pavement temperature and load during different months,was obtained.The results show that the dynamic stability of the asphalt mixture decreases abruptly at 60℃ by Marshall method,with a reduction rate of 50%.The maximum rate of reduction of the dynamic stability of the asphalt mixture,obtained by rotating test machine(GTM)method,is about 50%,which occurs at 70 ℃.High temperature has a great influence on rutting.The rutting stagnation temperature in December,April and August are 16 ℃,22 ℃,and 33 ℃ respectively.The annual rutting stagnation temperature of the pavement is 30 ℃.The contribution of rutting to the total rutting is 10%,3.3% and 1.5% respectively,when the pavement temperature is lower than the stagnation temperature.The correlation formula between rutting RD and average temperature Tis RD =0.122 T2-3.344 T+24.888,and the fitting formula between rutting RD20 and loading time Nat average temperature is RD20=0.4856 N0.188 9.
To analyze rutting development on an asphalt pavement,under the distribution of pavement temperature field,the actual traffic load,and the coupling effect of temperature and load,the rutting prediction formula across different months was established.The influence of temperature on the rutting of different types of asphalt mixtures was analyzed through an indoor test.ABAQUS was used to establish the temperature field at different time durations and depth of the pavement structure.According to the characteristics of traffic load distribution over time,the cumulative action time and time distribution ratio of axle load,during different periods in a day,were calculated.The critical rutting temperature and annual rutting temperature in typical months under each temperature field were determined.According to the relationship between therut and the average temperature,the rut ratio of the average temperature across different months and the average temperature at 20 ℃ was calculated.After correction and conversion of the formula,the rut prediction formula,considering the actual coupling effect of pavement temperature and load during different months,was obtained.The results show that the dynamic stability of the asphalt mixture decreases abruptly at 60℃ by Marshall method,with a reduction rate of 50%.The maximum rate of reduction of the dynamic stability of the asphalt mixture,obtained by rotating test machine(GTM)method,is about 50%,which occurs at 70 ℃.High temperature has a great influence on rutting.The rutting stagnation temperature in December,April and August are 16 ℃,22 ℃,and 33 ℃ respectively.The annual rutting stagnation temperature of the pavement is 30 ℃.The contribution of rutting to the total rutting is 10%,3.3% and 1.5% respectively,when the pavement temperature is lower than the stagnation temperature.The correlation formula between rutting RD and average temperature Tis RD =0.122 T2-3.344 T+24.888,and the fitting formula between rutting RD20 and loading time Nat average temperature is RD20=0.4856 N0.188 9.
引文
[1]童申家,廖方方,王乾.紫外光作用下沥青路面的老化与车辙关系分析[J].广西大学学报:自然科学版,2017,42(4):1490-1495.TONG Shen-jia,LIAO Fang-fang,WANG Qian.Analysis of relationship between asphalt pavement rut and aging under ultraviolet[J].Journal of Guangxi University:Natural Science,2017,42(4):1490-1495.
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[3]汤文,吴学文,孙立军.沥青路面车辙的多参数预估模型研究[J].中外公路,2016,36(1):45-49.TANG Wen,WU Xue-wen,SUN Li-jun.Study on multi parameter prediction model of asphalt pavement rutting[J].Journal of China and Foreign Highway,2016,36(1):45-49.
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[5] VAN DE LOO P J.Practical approach to the prediction of rutting in asphalt pavements:The shell method[J].Transportation Research Record,1976(616):15-21.
[6] HUSCHEK S.Evaluation of rutting due to viscous flow in asphalt pavements[C]//TRB.Proceedings of4th International Conference on Structural Design of Asphalt Pavements.Washington DC:TRB,1977:22-26.
[7] UZAN J.Prediction of rut depth performance in flexible highway pavements[C]//AAPT.Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists Proceedings.Saint Paul:AAPT,1983:489-507.
[8]李盛,刘朝晖,李宇峙.CRC+AC复合式路面结构层厚度对温度效应及车辙变形的影响[J].中国公路学报,2012,25(1):21-28.LI Sheng,LIU Zhao-hui,LI Yu-zhi.Influence of structure layer thickness of CRC+AC composite pavement on temperature effect and rutting deformation[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2012,25(1):21-28.
[9] SHAMI H,LAI J,D'ANGELO J,et al.Development of temperature-effect model for predicting rutting of asphalt mixtures using Georgia loaded wheel tester[J].Transportation Research Record,1997(1590):17-22.
[10]关宏信,张起森,罗增杰.考虑温度梯度沥青路面面层全厚式车辙试验[J].土木工程学报,2011,44(6):143-147.GUAN Hong-xin,ZHANG Qi-sen,LUO Zeng-jie.Total-thickness laboratory rut tests for asphalt surface course under temperature gradient[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2011,44(6):143-147.
[11]贾凌雁.福建省高速公路沥青路面温度场与车辙研究[D].福州:福州大学,2010.JIA Ling-yan.Study on temperature field and rutting of asphalt pavement on expressway in Fujian[D].Fuzhou:Fuzhou University,2010.
[12]鲁正兰.沥青混凝土路面车辙预估方法的研究[D].上海:同济大学,2006.LU Zheng-lan.Study on rutting prediction method for asphalt concrete pavement[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2006.
[13]栗培龙,马莉霞,冯振刚,等.基于Arrhenius方程的老化沥青流变特性[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2017,37(5):1-7.LI Pei-long,MA Li-xia,FENG Zhen-gang,et al.Rheological properties of aged asphalt based on Arrhenius equation[J].Journal of Chang'an University:Natural Science Edition,2017,37(5):1-7.
[14]栗培龙,舒延俊,张争奇.沥青路面车辙变形特性及其影响因素分析[J].路基工程,2011(3):37-40.LI Pei-long,SHU Yan-jun,ZHANG Zheng-qi.Analysis of rutting deformation characteristics of asphalt pavement and its influencing factors[J].Subgrade Engineering,2011(3):37-40.
[15]胡贵华,李彦伟,张倩,等.考虑温度梯度和动态模量的全厚式车辙深度预估[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2015,35(3):8-12,20.HU Gui-hua,LI Yan-wei,ZHANG Qian,et al.Full thickness rutting depth prediction based on temperature gradient and dynamic modulus[J].Journal of Chang'an University:Natural Science Edition,2015,35(3):8-12,20.
[16]邓跃,彭坤.沥青路面车辙预估方法综述[J].中外公路,2013,33(2):59-63.DENG Yue,PENG Kun.A review of asphalt pavement rutting prediction methods[J].Journal of China and Foreign Highway,2013,33(2):59-63.
[17]韦冉.半刚性基层沥青路面的车辙研究[M].南京:东南大学出版社,1994.WEI Ran.Rutting research on semi-rigid base asphalt pavement[M].Nanjing:Southeast University Press,1994.
[18]刘建勋,聂满意,王选仓,等.沥青玛蹄脂碎石混合料高温抗车辙性能试验研究[J].筑路机械与施工机械化,2014,31(2):45-47,52.LIU Jian-xun,NIE Man-yi,WANG Xuan-cang,et al.Experimental study on rutting resistance of asphalt mastic macadam mixture at high temperature[J].Road Machinery and Construction Mechanization,2014,31(2):45-47,52.
[19]赵永祯,李梦,王选仓,等.基于聚类分析改性沥青混合料性能分级研究[J].建筑材料学报,2014:437-445.ZHAO Yong-zhen,LI Meng,WANG Xuan-cang,et al.Classification of modified asphalt mixtures based on cluster analysis[J].Journal of building materials,2014,17(3):437-445.
[20]顾兴宇,袁青泉,倪富健.基于实测荷载和温度梯度的沥青路面车辙发展影响因素分析[J].中国公路学报,2012,25(6):30-36.GU Xing-yu,YUAN Qing-quan,NI Fu-jian.Analysis of influencing factors on rutting development of asphalt pavement based on measured load and temperature gradient[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2012,25(6):30-36.
[21]冉隆举,陈斯宁,罗辉,等.全厚度车辙试验与足尺加速加载试验相关性研究[J].公路,2015(12):51-55.RAN Long-ju,CHEN Si-ning,LUO Hui,et al.Correlation study of full thickness rutting test and full-scale accelerated loading test[J].Highway,2015(12):51-55.
[2]胡朋,张小宁.基于双轴加速加载试验的沥青路面车辙预测模型[J].重庆交通大学学报:自然科学版,2017,36(7):33-38.HU Peng,ZHANG Xiao-ning.Rutting prediction model of asphalt pavement based on acceleration loading tests by tandem axles[J].Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University:Natural Science,2017,36(7):33-38.
[3]汤文,吴学文,孙立军.沥青路面车辙的多参数预估模型研究[J].中外公路,2016,36(1):45-49.TANG Wen,WU Xue-wen,SUN Li-jun.Study on multi parameter prediction model of asphalt pavement rutting[J].Journal of China and Foreign Highway,2016,36(1):45-49.
[4] ASSHTO.Report of the joint take force on rutting[M].Washington DC:ASSHTO,1989.
[5] VAN DE LOO P J.Practical approach to the prediction of rutting in asphalt pavements:The shell method[J].Transportation Research Record,1976(616):15-21.
[6] HUSCHEK S.Evaluation of rutting due to viscous flow in asphalt pavements[C]//TRB.Proceedings of4th International Conference on Structural Design of Asphalt Pavements.Washington DC:TRB,1977:22-26.
[7] UZAN J.Prediction of rut depth performance in flexible highway pavements[C]//AAPT.Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists Proceedings.Saint Paul:AAPT,1983:489-507.
[8]李盛,刘朝晖,李宇峙.CRC+AC复合式路面结构层厚度对温度效应及车辙变形的影响[J].中国公路学报,2012,25(1):21-28.LI Sheng,LIU Zhao-hui,LI Yu-zhi.Influence of structure layer thickness of CRC+AC composite pavement on temperature effect and rutting deformation[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2012,25(1):21-28.
[9] SHAMI H,LAI J,D'ANGELO J,et al.Development of temperature-effect model for predicting rutting of asphalt mixtures using Georgia loaded wheel tester[J].Transportation Research Record,1997(1590):17-22.
[10]关宏信,张起森,罗增杰.考虑温度梯度沥青路面面层全厚式车辙试验[J].土木工程学报,2011,44(6):143-147.GUAN Hong-xin,ZHANG Qi-sen,LUO Zeng-jie.Total-thickness laboratory rut tests for asphalt surface course under temperature gradient[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2011,44(6):143-147.
[11]贾凌雁.福建省高速公路沥青路面温度场与车辙研究[D].福州:福州大学,2010.JIA Ling-yan.Study on temperature field and rutting of asphalt pavement on expressway in Fujian[D].Fuzhou:Fuzhou University,2010.
[12]鲁正兰.沥青混凝土路面车辙预估方法的研究[D].上海:同济大学,2006.LU Zheng-lan.Study on rutting prediction method for asphalt concrete pavement[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2006.
[13]栗培龙,马莉霞,冯振刚,等.基于Arrhenius方程的老化沥青流变特性[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2017,37(5):1-7.LI Pei-long,MA Li-xia,FENG Zhen-gang,et al.Rheological properties of aged asphalt based on Arrhenius equation[J].Journal of Chang'an University:Natural Science Edition,2017,37(5):1-7.
[14]栗培龙,舒延俊,张争奇.沥青路面车辙变形特性及其影响因素分析[J].路基工程,2011(3):37-40.LI Pei-long,SHU Yan-jun,ZHANG Zheng-qi.Analysis of rutting deformation characteristics of asphalt pavement and its influencing factors[J].Subgrade Engineering,2011(3):37-40.
[15]胡贵华,李彦伟,张倩,等.考虑温度梯度和动态模量的全厚式车辙深度预估[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2015,35(3):8-12,20.HU Gui-hua,LI Yan-wei,ZHANG Qian,et al.Full thickness rutting depth prediction based on temperature gradient and dynamic modulus[J].Journal of Chang'an University:Natural Science Edition,2015,35(3):8-12,20.
[16]邓跃,彭坤.沥青路面车辙预估方法综述[J].中外公路,2013,33(2):59-63.DENG Yue,PENG Kun.A review of asphalt pavement rutting prediction methods[J].Journal of China and Foreign Highway,2013,33(2):59-63.
[17]韦冉.半刚性基层沥青路面的车辙研究[M].南京:东南大学出版社,1994.WEI Ran.Rutting research on semi-rigid base asphalt pavement[M].Nanjing:Southeast University Press,1994.
[18]刘建勋,聂满意,王选仓,等.沥青玛蹄脂碎石混合料高温抗车辙性能试验研究[J].筑路机械与施工机械化,2014,31(2):45-47,52.LIU Jian-xun,NIE Man-yi,WANG Xuan-cang,et al.Experimental study on rutting resistance of asphalt mastic macadam mixture at high temperature[J].Road Machinery and Construction Mechanization,2014,31(2):45-47,52.
[19]赵永祯,李梦,王选仓,等.基于聚类分析改性沥青混合料性能分级研究[J].建筑材料学报,2014:437-445.ZHAO Yong-zhen,LI Meng,WANG Xuan-cang,et al.Classification of modified asphalt mixtures based on cluster analysis[J].Journal of building materials,2014,17(3):437-445.
[20]顾兴宇,袁青泉,倪富健.基于实测荷载和温度梯度的沥青路面车辙发展影响因素分析[J].中国公路学报,2012,25(6):30-36.GU Xing-yu,YUAN Qing-quan,NI Fu-jian.Analysis of influencing factors on rutting development of asphalt pavement based on measured load and temperature gradient[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2012,25(6):30-36.
[21]冉隆举,陈斯宁,罗辉,等.全厚度车辙试验与足尺加速加载试验相关性研究[J].公路,2015(12):51-55.RAN Long-ju,CHEN Si-ning,LUO Hui,et al.Correlation study of full thickness rutting test and full-scale accelerated loading test[J].Highway,2015(12):51-55.