我国体育社会组织治理结构分析
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摘要
在组织场域分析框架下,跳出"国家中心论"和"社会中心论"关注单一方面的分析限制,将探讨的焦点还原至国家权威与社会力量的实际互动过程中,以全国性单项运动协会和社区草根体育组织为例,从它们各自的组织发展基本状况、政府与组织关系、国际体育组织参与以及组织与社会抗争4个层面展开分析,并在此基础上就其治理结构进行比较。通过比较分析,旨在说明在现有的制度环境下,我国体育社会组织自身所具有的组织特点和发展规律,以及其在不同场域中所扮演的角色以及发挥的作用,从而立足于现有制度下提倡政府适度嵌入到体育社会组织之中,逐步让渡空间,坚持激励政策、培育新型体育社会组织的改革思路。
Under organization field domain analysis framework, the author jumped out of the limitations of analysis of "national center theory" and "social center theory" that focus on single aspect, restored the probing focus back to the process of interaction between national authority and social power, took national single event sports associations and community grassroots sports organizations for example, carried out an analysis from such 4 aspects as their respective basic conditions of organization development, government and organization relationship, international organization participation as well as organization and social protest, and on such a basis, compared their governance structures. Via comparative analysis, the author meant to explain the organization characteristics and development patterns possessed by sports organizations themselves in China under the existing institutional environment, as well as the roles they played and the functions they exerted in different field domains, thus based on the existing institution, advocated such a reform idea as that the government moderately embeds into sports social organizations, gradually releases spaces, adheres to stimulation policies, and cultivates new sports social organizations.
Under organization field domain analysis framework, the author jumped out of the limitations of analysis of "national center theory" and "social center theory" that focus on single aspect, restored the probing focus back to the process of interaction between national authority and social power, took national single event sports associations and community grassroots sports organizations for example, carried out an analysis from such 4 aspects as their respective basic conditions of organization development, government and organization relationship, international organization participation as well as organization and social protest, and on such a basis, compared their governance structures. Via comparative analysis, the author meant to explain the organization characteristics and development patterns possessed by sports organizations themselves in China under the existing institutional environment, as well as the roles they played and the functions they exerted in different field domains, thus based on the existing institution, advocated such a reform idea as that the government moderately embeds into sports social organizations, gradually releases spaces, adheres to stimulation policies, and cultivates new sports social organizations.
引文
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[4]DOBBIN F,SUTTON J R.The strength of a weak state:the rights revolution and the rise of human resources management divisions[J].American Journal of Sociology,1998(2):441-476.
[5]VASI I B.Thinking globally,planning nationally and acting locally:nested organizational fields and the adoption of environmental practices[J].Social Forces,2007(1):113-135.
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[7]韩克庆.市民社会与中国社会福利体制的构建[J].天津社会科学,2008(1):66-68.
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[13]张人民.从比较中看我国单项运动协会制存在的问题[J].体育文史,1995(2):19-21.
[14]李启迪,周妍.全国性单项运动协会现状与发展对策研究[J].北京体育大学学报,2012,35(12):29-34.
[15]马志和.我国单项运动协会制度变迁的目标模式与政策措施[J].上海体育学院学报,2008,32(5):23-27.
[16]张毅恒,彭道海,柳鸣毅.我国全国性单项运动协会改革的历史回顾与思考[J].体育与科学,2013,34(5):27-30.
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[18]杨树安.18个全国性单项运动协会拟彻底脱钩[EB/OL].[2017-02-07].http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2014-03/07/c_119661888.htm.
[19]长春亚泰足球俱乐部律师向北京高级法院提交诉讼代理词[EB/OL].[2017-03-11].http://www.southcn.com/sports/tyzq/zqzgxw/200202070247.htm.
[20]王旭光,惠继红,杨莉.我国全国性单项体育协会定位分析[J].体育文化导刊,2008(6):9-10.
[21]汪流,李捷.社区草根体育组织:生存境遇及未来发展[J].武汉体育学院学报,2011,45(2):17-21.
[22]张宏伟,成盼攀.社区草根体育组织的涵义、生成与功能定位[J].北京体育大学学报,2013,36(6):12-16.
[23]张紧跟,庄文嘉.非正式政治:一个草根NGO的行动策略——以广州业主委员会联谊筹备委员会为例[M].社会学研究,2008(2):133-150.
[24]康晓光.创造希望:中国青少年基金会研究[M].桂林:广西师范大学出版社,1997:637.
[25]胡科,虞重干.依附:资源约束下草根体育组织的生存策略——3个个案的表达[J].武汉体育学院学报,2012,46(9):25-29.
[26]汪流,李捷.社区草根体育组织:生存境遇及未来发展[J].武汉体育学院学报,2011,45(2):17-21.
[27]罗京运.枪声过后这里的舞场静悄悄[N].北京青年报,2013-11-06(A17).
[28]郇昌店,张伟.社会体育组织参与体育治理的效应与实现路径[J].西安体育学院学报,2017,34(1):9-13+47.
[29]张伟,李建国.创新社会治理视域下社会体育组织研究述评与前瞻[J].首都体育学院学报,2015,27(1):4-7.
[30]吕进科,谢树华.温州600住户花了26万元买高音炮还击广场舞音乐[N].都市快报,2014-03-31(B16).
[31]张耀红.新时期改革全国性单项体育协会的思考[J].山东体育学院学报,2016,32(4):44-48.
[2]SCOTT W R.Institutions and organizations:ideas and interest[J].Institutions&Organizations Ideas&Interests,2008(3):195-196.
[3]DAVIS G F,MARQUIS C.Prospects for organization theory in the early twenty-first century:institutional fields and mechanisms[J].Organization Science,2016(4):332-343.
[4]DOBBIN F,SUTTON J R.The strength of a weak state:the rights revolution and the rise of human resources management divisions[J].American Journal of Sociology,1998(2):441-476.
[5]VASI I B.Thinking globally,planning nationally and acting locally:nested organizational fields and the adoption of environmental practices[J].Social Forces,2007(1):113-135.
[6]贾玉娇.国家与社会:构建何种治理秩序?——基于中国社会管理研究的反思[J].社会科学,2014(8):78-85.
[7]韩克庆.市民社会与中国社会福利体制的构建[J].天津社会科学,2008(1):66-68.
[8]汪流.“国家-社会”分析框架下的中国体育社会组织研究:回顾与思考[J].西安体育学院学报,2016,33(4):1-8.
[9]孟凡强.自发性群众体育组织成因的理论探讨——兼论后继实证研究面临的主要课题[J].体育学刊,2006,13(2):58-61.
[10]郝家春,张铁明.我国体育社团的制度环境与发展对策研究[J].沈阳体育学院学报,2016,35(4):33-37.
[11]修琪.公民社会视野下自发性群众体育组织研究——以山东省为例[D].北京:北京体育大学,2013.
[12]汪流.全国性体育单项协会改革的回顾与思考[J].社团管理研究,2009(2):32-36.
[13]张人民.从比较中看我国单项运动协会制存在的问题[J].体育文史,1995(2):19-21.
[14]李启迪,周妍.全国性单项运动协会现状与发展对策研究[J].北京体育大学学报,2012,35(12):29-34.
[15]马志和.我国单项运动协会制度变迁的目标模式与政策措施[J].上海体育学院学报,2008,32(5):23-27.
[16]张毅恒,彭道海,柳鸣毅.我国全国性单项运动协会改革的历史回顾与思考[J].体育与科学,2013,34(5):27-30.
[17]马志和.我国单项运动协会的管理权力及其成员间的关系[J].上海体育学院学报,2006,30(3):13-16.
[18]杨树安.18个全国性单项运动协会拟彻底脱钩[EB/OL].[2017-02-07].http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2014-03/07/c_119661888.htm.
[19]长春亚泰足球俱乐部律师向北京高级法院提交诉讼代理词[EB/OL].[2017-03-11].http://www.southcn.com/sports/tyzq/zqzgxw/200202070247.htm.
[20]王旭光,惠继红,杨莉.我国全国性单项体育协会定位分析[J].体育文化导刊,2008(6):9-10.
[21]汪流,李捷.社区草根体育组织:生存境遇及未来发展[J].武汉体育学院学报,2011,45(2):17-21.
[22]张宏伟,成盼攀.社区草根体育组织的涵义、生成与功能定位[J].北京体育大学学报,2013,36(6):12-16.
[23]张紧跟,庄文嘉.非正式政治:一个草根NGO的行动策略——以广州业主委员会联谊筹备委员会为例[M].社会学研究,2008(2):133-150.
[24]康晓光.创造希望:中国青少年基金会研究[M].桂林:广西师范大学出版社,1997:637.
[25]胡科,虞重干.依附:资源约束下草根体育组织的生存策略——3个个案的表达[J].武汉体育学院学报,2012,46(9):25-29.
[26]汪流,李捷.社区草根体育组织:生存境遇及未来发展[J].武汉体育学院学报,2011,45(2):17-21.
[27]罗京运.枪声过后这里的舞场静悄悄[N].北京青年报,2013-11-06(A17).
[28]郇昌店,张伟.社会体育组织参与体育治理的效应与实现路径[J].西安体育学院学报,2017,34(1):9-13+47.
[29]张伟,李建国.创新社会治理视域下社会体育组织研究述评与前瞻[J].首都体育学院学报,2015,27(1):4-7.
[30]吕进科,谢树华.温州600住户花了26万元买高音炮还击广场舞音乐[N].都市快报,2014-03-31(B16).
[31]张耀红.新时期改革全国性单项体育协会的思考[J].山东体育学院学报,2016,32(4):44-48.