摘要
中美贸易摩擦会抑制中国制造业在全球生产网络中间接出口的国内增加值率,同时也会使基于后向联系的生产长度相对更快地缩短,从而引致生产线位置相对向上游移动,最终提高中国制造业在全球价值链中的地位。中美贸易摩擦是长期性和复杂化的,因此,中国应进一步开放并深层次地融入世界经济,换取更广阔更持续的发展空间;政府部门应有效地激励企业进行转型升级,推动相关产业向价值链上游移动;企业应拓展新产品类别、向替代产品转移,或对产品进行深加工,以及直接出口原材料和中间产品。同时,我国应培育更多的自主核心技术,推动产业升级,实现生产环节向价值链高端迈进。
Sino-US trade friction will inhibit the domestic value-added rate of indirect exports of Chinese manufacturing in the global production network, and will also shorten the production length based on backward linkages at a faster speed, leading to the movement of the position of production lines towards the upstream and ultimately improving the position of Chinese manufacturing in the global value chain. Sino-US trade friction is long-term and complicated. Therefore, China should further open up and deepen its integration into the world economy in exchange for a broader and more sustainable development space. Government departments should effectively motivate enterprises to carry out transformation and upgrading and promote related industries to move towards the upstream. Enterprises should expand new product categories, transfer to alternative products, or carry out deep processing of products, as well as directly export raw materials and intermediate products. At the same time, China should cultivate more independent core technologies, promote industrial upgrading and transformation,and realize the movement of production links towards the high end of the value chain.
引文
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(1)Wang等通过建立生产分解模型的核算框架,重新定义了国家-部门层面参与全球价值链的位置等指标。[14]
(2)c5食品、饮料和烟草业,c6纺织品、服装和皮革制品业,c7木材加工及草编制品业,c8纸及纸制品制造业,c9印刷和记录媒体的复制业,c10石油加工及炼焦业,c11化学原料及化学制品业、c12基础医药和制剂制造业、c13橡胶和塑料制品业、c14非金属矿物制品业、c15基本金属制品业、c16金属制品业(除机械设备)、c17计算机、电子产品和光学产品制造业、c18电气设备制造业、c19机械设备制造业、c20机动车、拖车和半挂车制造业、c21其他运输设备制造业、c22家具制造和其他制造业。