环境污染对孕产妇死亡率影响分析——基于2005—2015年省级面板数据实证研究
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摘要
孕产妇健康状况对一国或地区的稳定和发展具有重要意义。环境污染是影响居民健康状况的重要因素,而孕产妇作为高危人群,对环境危害更为敏感。本文采用2005—2015年中国省级面板数据,运用面板回归模型,实证分析废水、废气、固废等环境污染变量对孕产妇死亡率的影响及其作用机制,研究结果表明:第一,环境污染会危害孕产妇身体健康,显著提高了孕产妇死亡率;第二,废气排放浓度越高、固体废物排放密度越高的地区孕产妇死亡率越高,而废水排放状况对孕产妇死亡率没有显著影响;第三,废气排放密度对内科合并症导致的孕产妇死亡率具有显著的正向影响,固体废物排放密度对产科出血、妊娠期高血压疾病和内科合并症导致的孕产妇死亡率均具有显著的正向影响。
Maternal health is of great significance to the stability and development of a country or region. Environmental pollution is an important factor affecting the health of residents,and pregnant women,as high-risk groups,are more sensitive to environmental hazards. Based on the Chinese provincial panel data during 2005-2015,the paper uses panel regression model to do the empirical analysis of waste water and waste gas,solid waste and other environmental pollution variables affecting maternal mortality and its mechanism. The results show that: first,environmental pollution endangers maternal health,and improves maternal mortality; second,the higher the concentration of exhaust gas and solid waste emissions of higher density areas of the maternal mortality rate is high,and the wastewater discharge status has no significant effect on maternal mortality; third,the maternal mortality rate has a significant positive effect of exhaust emission density due to medical complications,and solid waste emission density has a significant positive impact on maternal mortality of gestational hypertension and complications caused by obstetric hemorrhage.
Maternal health is of great significance to the stability and development of a country or region. Environmental pollution is an important factor affecting the health of residents,and pregnant women,as high-risk groups,are more sensitive to environmental hazards. Based on the Chinese provincial panel data during 2005-2015,the paper uses panel regression model to do the empirical analysis of waste water and waste gas,solid waste and other environmental pollution variables affecting maternal mortality and its mechanism. The results show that: first,environmental pollution endangers maternal health,and improves maternal mortality; second,the higher the concentration of exhaust gas and solid waste emissions of higher density areas of the maternal mortality rate is high,and the wastewater discharge status has no significant effect on maternal mortality; third,the maternal mortality rate has a significant positive effect of exhaust emission density due to medical complications,and solid waste emission density has a significant positive impact on maternal mortality of gestational hypertension and complications caused by obstetric hemorrhage.
引文
[1]丁海峰,马海燕,黄仙红.2004—2010年中国孕产妇死亡率的社会地区差异分析[J].中国妇幼保健,2013,28(26):4269-4272.
[2]向堃,宋德勇.我国省域孕产妇死亡率的空间实证研究[J].中国卫生经济,2015,34(4):61-63.
[3]曲卫华,颜志军.环境污染、经济增长与医疗卫生服务对公共健康的影响分析——基于中国省际面板数据的研究[J].中国管理科学,2015,23(7):166-176.
[4]李凤英,钟磊石,王清江,何春兰.工业区环境污染对居民健康的影响[J].环境与健康杂志,1993(3):97-99.
[5]苗艳青,陈文晶.空气污染和健康需求:Grossan模型的应用[J].世界经济,2010,33(6):140-160.
[6]钱震斌,周兰凤,韦星,等.含镉工业废水灌溉对环境和居民健康危害的研究[J].劳动医学,1994(3):27-29,52.
[7]胡崇高,吴巍巍.不同妇幼保健模式对妇女保健效果的影响[J].卫生经济研究,2011(3):29-31.
[2]向堃,宋德勇.我国省域孕产妇死亡率的空间实证研究[J].中国卫生经济,2015,34(4):61-63.
[3]曲卫华,颜志军.环境污染、经济增长与医疗卫生服务对公共健康的影响分析——基于中国省际面板数据的研究[J].中国管理科学,2015,23(7):166-176.
[4]李凤英,钟磊石,王清江,何春兰.工业区环境污染对居民健康的影响[J].环境与健康杂志,1993(3):97-99.
[5]苗艳青,陈文晶.空气污染和健康需求:Grossan模型的应用[J].世界经济,2010,33(6):140-160.
[6]钱震斌,周兰凤,韦星,等.含镉工业废水灌溉对环境和居民健康危害的研究[J].劳动医学,1994(3):27-29,52.
[7]胡崇高,吴巍巍.不同妇幼保健模式对妇女保健效果的影响[J].卫生经济研究,2011(3):29-31.