公开源情报研究综述
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摘要
文章评述了3个公开源情报常用定义和其他解释。对公开源情报涉及的5个方面分别进行了综述,包括素材获取渠道、生产者与用户、技术和工具、公开源情报的价值和贡献、公开源情报的争议。总结了文献中的不足和下一步的研究方向。
This article reviews the 3 commonly-used definitions and other explanations about Open Source Intelligence(OSINT).It summarizes the 5 aspects of OSINT separately,which are source material acquisition channel,producers and users,technologies and tools,value and contribution of OSINT,and controversies about OSINT.Finally,the article summarizes the deficiencies in literatures and the directions for future study.
This article reviews the 3 commonly-used definitions and other explanations about Open Source Intelligence(OSINT).It summarizes the 5 aspects of OSINT separately,which are source material acquisition channel,producers and users,technologies and tools,value and contribution of OSINT,and controversies about OSINT.Finally,the article summarizes the deficiencies in literatures and the directions for future study.
引文
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[3]http://www.earth-intelligence.net/dynamaster/file_archive/040319/1a981c50936bdaa7a8aaf8fb1ad698a0/OSS1999-E2-11.pdf.
[4]http://www.oss.net/dynamaster/file_archive/040319/ca06aacb07e5cb9f25f21babf7ef2bf0/OSS1999-P1-08.pdf.
[5]HAMILTON B.The DNI's open source center:an organizationalcommunication perspective[J].International Journal of Intelli-gence and Counterintelligence,2007,20(2):240-257.
[6]http://www.oss.net/dynamaster/file_archive/030201/ca5fb66734f540fbb4f8f6ef759b258c/NATO%20OSINT%20Handbook%20v1.2%20-%20Jan%202002.pdf.
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[8]沈固朝,赵小康.国外公开源情报研究及其对我们的启迪[C]//胡昌平.信息资源管理研究进展.武汉:武汉大学出版社,2010:64-77.
[9]http://www.fas.org/irp/doddir/army/fmi2-22-9.pdf.
[10]芦仁杰.公开情报搜集的新特点[J].兰台世界,2009,6(下):10-11.
[11]赵小康.公开源情报——在情报学和情报工作中引入Intel-ligence的思考[J].情报理论与实践,2009,32(12):23-27.
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[14]樊合成,陈树宁,王守宏.试论公开情报研究[J].现代情报,2004(1):52-54.
[15]http://www.pmc.gov.au/accountability/budget/2007208/pbs/ona.doc.
[16]何劲.重视专题翻译在公开情报研究中的基础性作用[J].情报杂志,2010,29:37-38.
[17]王渤.公开途径反恐情报的搜集[J].法学杂志,2006(6):71-73.
[18]叶宏超.ASD亚洲研究特遣队——美国陆军中奇特的情报部队[J].环球军事,2006,17:42-43.
[19]http://epublications.bond.edu.au/cewces_papers/11.
[20]STEELE R D.Information peacekeeping:the purest form of war[M]//LLOYD M,ed.Challenging the United States Symmet-rically and Asymmetrically:Can America be defeated.Penn-sylvania:DIANE Publishing,1998:143-172.
[21]http://www.fas.org/irp/eprint/oss980501.htm.
[22]http://ftp.fas.org/sgp/crs/intel/RL34270.pdf.
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[24]MINAS H.Can the open source intelligence emerge as an indis-pensable discipline for the intelligence community in the 21stcentury[R].Research Institute for European and AmericanStudies,2010:29-30.
[25]谢毓湘,杨培,栾悉道,等.互联网情报收集与处理技术[J].计算机工程,2007,33(23):205-207.
[26]邹良群,周春雷.基于搜索引擎的公开情报自动化搜集模型[J].电脑知识与技术,2008,3(8):1654-1656.
[27]陈峻.公开情报信息搜集分析系统总体设计[J].无线电通信技术,2008,34(3):38-40.
[28]陈晨.浅谈自动摘要技术在边防情报公开文献收集中的应用[J].科技信息:学术研究,2008(5):37-38.
[29]李会明.美国国家公开情报研究中心[J].国际资料信息,2008(6):29-31.
[30]樊合成.国外现代情报研究特点[J].现代情报,2003(7):2-3.
[31]陈勇,张佳骥,吴立德,等.基于开源信息的情报分析系统[J].无线电工程,2009(5):25-28.
[32]BRADBURY D.In plain view:open source intelligence[J].Computer Fraud&Security,2011(4):4-9.
[33]HALE W C.Twenty-first century terrorism,twenty-first centuryanswers-the why and how of collection,analysis,and dissem-ination of open source intelligence[D].Huntsville:SamHouston State University,2005.
[34]WIIL U K.Counterterrorism and open source intelligence[M].Berlin:Springer,2011:1-6.
[35]MERCADO S.Sailing the sea of OSINT in the information age:a venerable source in a new era[J].Studies in Intelligence,2004,48(3).
[36]STEELE R D.On intelligence:spies and secrecy in an openworld[M].Virginia:OSS International Press,2001:122-124.
[37]http://www.oss.net/dynamaster/file_archive/030201/254633082e785f8fe44f546bf5c9f1ed/NATO%20OSINT%20Reader%20FINAL%2011OCT02.pdf.
[38]CARMENT D,RUDNER M,HEIDE R L.Peacekeeping intel-ligence:extending partnerships and boundaries for peacekeeping[M]//CARMENT D,RUDNER M,ed.Peacekeeping Intel-ligence New Players,Extended Boundaries.New York:Rout-ledge,2006:1-13.
[39]http://www.oss.net/dynamaster/file_archive/060322/17c1874f675af107a11872c1a76dbf37/SOF%20OSINT%20Handbook%20(Draft).pdf.
[40]https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligen-ce/csi-publications/csi-studies/studies/Vol49no2/reexamining_the_distinction_3.htm.
[41]SIMS J E,GERBER B,et al.Transforming US intelligence[M].Washington,D.C.:Georgetown University Press,2005:63-78.
[42]STEELE R D.Open source intelligence[M]//JOHNSON LK,ed.Handbook of Intelligence Studies,New York:Rout-edge,2007:129-147.
[43]PALLARIS C.Open source intelligence:a strategic enabler ofnational security[J].Center for Security Studies(CSS)Ana-lyses in Security Policy,2008,32(3):1-3.
[44]赵小康,周爱民.公开源情报的基础性价值及可靠性评价研究[J].情报杂志,2011,30(11):16-20.
[45]BOWEN W.Open-source intel:a valuable national security re-source[J].Jane's Intelligence Review,1999,11:50-54.
[46]BEAN H.The DNI's open source center:an organizational com-munication perspective[J].International Journal of Intelli-gence and CounterIntelligence,2007,20(2):240-257.
[47]HOLDEN-RHODES J F.Sharing the secrets:open source intel-ligence and the war on drugs[M].Westport Connecticut:Praeger Publishers,1997.
[48]GEORGE P.The role of open source intelligence within the in-telligence process[C]∥EUFIS.European Open Source Intelli-gence Workshop,1998.
[49]HULNICK A.The downside of open source intelligence[J].International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence,2002,15(4):565-579.
[2]高庆德,宗盟,任珊珊.美国情报组织揭秘[M].北京:时事出版社,2012:208.
[3]http://www.earth-intelligence.net/dynamaster/file_archive/040319/1a981c50936bdaa7a8aaf8fb1ad698a0/OSS1999-E2-11.pdf.
[4]http://www.oss.net/dynamaster/file_archive/040319/ca06aacb07e5cb9f25f21babf7ef2bf0/OSS1999-P1-08.pdf.
[5]HAMILTON B.The DNI's open source center:an organizationalcommunication perspective[J].International Journal of Intelli-gence and Counterintelligence,2007,20(2):240-257.
[6]http://www.oss.net/dynamaster/file_archive/030201/ca5fb66734f540fbb4f8f6ef759b258c/NATO%20OSINT%20Handbook%20v1.2%20-%20Jan%202002.pdf.
[7]http://www.ra.defense.gov/documents/rtm/jp1_02.pdf.
[8]沈固朝,赵小康.国外公开源情报研究及其对我们的启迪[C]//胡昌平.信息资源管理研究进展.武汉:武汉大学出版社,2010:64-77.
[9]http://www.fas.org/irp/doddir/army/fmi2-22-9.pdf.
[10]芦仁杰.公开情报搜集的新特点[J].兰台世界,2009,6(下):10-11.
[11]赵小康.公开源情报——在情报学和情报工作中引入Intel-ligence的思考[J].情报理论与实践,2009,32(12):23-27.
[12]TREVERTON G F.Reshaping national intelligence for an age ofinformation[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2003:106.
[13]STEELE R D.Creating a smart nation:strategy,policy,intel-ligence,and information[J].Government Information Quar-terly,1996,13:159-173.
[14]樊合成,陈树宁,王守宏.试论公开情报研究[J].现代情报,2004(1):52-54.
[15]http://www.pmc.gov.au/accountability/budget/2007208/pbs/ona.doc.
[16]何劲.重视专题翻译在公开情报研究中的基础性作用[J].情报杂志,2010,29:37-38.
[17]王渤.公开途径反恐情报的搜集[J].法学杂志,2006(6):71-73.
[18]叶宏超.ASD亚洲研究特遣队——美国陆军中奇特的情报部队[J].环球军事,2006,17:42-43.
[19]http://epublications.bond.edu.au/cewces_papers/11.
[20]STEELE R D.Information peacekeeping:the purest form of war[M]//LLOYD M,ed.Challenging the United States Symmet-rically and Asymmetrically:Can America be defeated.Penn-sylvania:DIANE Publishing,1998:143-172.
[21]http://www.fas.org/irp/eprint/oss980501.htm.
[22]http://ftp.fas.org/sgp/crs/intel/RL34270.pdf.
[23]BOATNER H.Sharing and using intelligence in international or-ganizations:some guidelines[J].National Security and Fu-ture,2000,1(1):81-92.
[24]MINAS H.Can the open source intelligence emerge as an indis-pensable discipline for the intelligence community in the 21stcentury[R].Research Institute for European and AmericanStudies,2010:29-30.
[25]谢毓湘,杨培,栾悉道,等.互联网情报收集与处理技术[J].计算机工程,2007,33(23):205-207.
[26]邹良群,周春雷.基于搜索引擎的公开情报自动化搜集模型[J].电脑知识与技术,2008,3(8):1654-1656.
[27]陈峻.公开情报信息搜集分析系统总体设计[J].无线电通信技术,2008,34(3):38-40.
[28]陈晨.浅谈自动摘要技术在边防情报公开文献收集中的应用[J].科技信息:学术研究,2008(5):37-38.
[29]李会明.美国国家公开情报研究中心[J].国际资料信息,2008(6):29-31.
[30]樊合成.国外现代情报研究特点[J].现代情报,2003(7):2-3.
[31]陈勇,张佳骥,吴立德,等.基于开源信息的情报分析系统[J].无线电工程,2009(5):25-28.
[32]BRADBURY D.In plain view:open source intelligence[J].Computer Fraud&Security,2011(4):4-9.
[33]HALE W C.Twenty-first century terrorism,twenty-first centuryanswers-the why and how of collection,analysis,and dissem-ination of open source intelligence[D].Huntsville:SamHouston State University,2005.
[34]WIIL U K.Counterterrorism and open source intelligence[M].Berlin:Springer,2011:1-6.
[35]MERCADO S.Sailing the sea of OSINT in the information age:a venerable source in a new era[J].Studies in Intelligence,2004,48(3).
[36]STEELE R D.On intelligence:spies and secrecy in an openworld[M].Virginia:OSS International Press,2001:122-124.
[37]http://www.oss.net/dynamaster/file_archive/030201/254633082e785f8fe44f546bf5c9f1ed/NATO%20OSINT%20Reader%20FINAL%2011OCT02.pdf.
[38]CARMENT D,RUDNER M,HEIDE R L.Peacekeeping intel-ligence:extending partnerships and boundaries for peacekeeping[M]//CARMENT D,RUDNER M,ed.Peacekeeping Intel-ligence New Players,Extended Boundaries.New York:Rout-ledge,2006:1-13.
[39]http://www.oss.net/dynamaster/file_archive/060322/17c1874f675af107a11872c1a76dbf37/SOF%20OSINT%20Handbook%20(Draft).pdf.
[40]https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligen-ce/csi-publications/csi-studies/studies/Vol49no2/reexamining_the_distinction_3.htm.
[41]SIMS J E,GERBER B,et al.Transforming US intelligence[M].Washington,D.C.:Georgetown University Press,2005:63-78.
[42]STEELE R D.Open source intelligence[M]//JOHNSON LK,ed.Handbook of Intelligence Studies,New York:Rout-edge,2007:129-147.
[43]PALLARIS C.Open source intelligence:a strategic enabler ofnational security[J].Center for Security Studies(CSS)Ana-lyses in Security Policy,2008,32(3):1-3.
[44]赵小康,周爱民.公开源情报的基础性价值及可靠性评价研究[J].情报杂志,2011,30(11):16-20.
[45]BOWEN W.Open-source intel:a valuable national security re-source[J].Jane's Intelligence Review,1999,11:50-54.
[46]BEAN H.The DNI's open source center:an organizational com-munication perspective[J].International Journal of Intelli-gence and CounterIntelligence,2007,20(2):240-257.
[47]HOLDEN-RHODES J F.Sharing the secrets:open source intel-ligence and the war on drugs[M].Westport Connecticut:Praeger Publishers,1997.
[48]GEORGE P.The role of open source intelligence within the in-telligence process[C]∥EUFIS.European Open Source Intelli-gence Workshop,1998.
[49]HULNICK A.The downside of open source intelligence[J].International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence,2002,15(4):565-579.