施工环境下高速公路应急资源调度方法研究
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摘要
在研究高速公路应急救援系统的过程中,应急资源调度方法是整个高速公路交通事件应急救援系统的核心。以应急救援结束时间最短和应急救援相关费用最少为目标,充分考虑到高速公路施工区域对路段通行能力的影响,结合高速公路施工区域的性质和特点,采用数学规划的方法建立了基于施工区通行能力的应急资源调度模型。通过贪婪算法对该模型进行优化求解,进而确定各应急出救点是否参与救援以及经过施工区参与救援的具体时间和能力,对各个出救点的费用能力比进行比较,从而选择适当的应急出救点进行有效的救援,并以山东高速济青高速段施工区域为例对模型进行了实证分析。分析结果表明:应用本模型的方案可以使救援费用减少16.036万元,相比降低了13.6%,缩减了救援成本。
In the course of researching highway emergency rescue system,the emergency resource scheduling method is the core of the emergency rescue system of the whole expressway. Aiming at the shortest end time of emergency rescue and the least cost related to emergency rescue,an emergency resource scheduling model based on the road capacity of construction area was established by using mathematical programming method,with the full consideration of the influence of expressway construction area on road section capacity,combining with the nature and characteristics of expressway construction area. The greedy algorithm was used to optimize the proposed model,and then to determine whether the emergency rescue points were involved in the rescue and the specific time and ability of participating in the rescue through the construction area. The cost-capability ratio of each rescue point was compared,so that the appropriate emergency rescue point could be selected for effective rescue. Taking the construction area of Ji'nan-Qinghai section of Shandong expressway as an example,the proposed model was empirically analyzed. The analysis results show that the application of the proposed model can reduce the rescue fee by 16.036 thousand yuan,which is 13.6% lower than the initial plan and reduces the rescue cost.
In the course of researching highway emergency rescue system,the emergency resource scheduling method is the core of the emergency rescue system of the whole expressway. Aiming at the shortest end time of emergency rescue and the least cost related to emergency rescue,an emergency resource scheduling model based on the road capacity of construction area was established by using mathematical programming method,with the full consideration of the influence of expressway construction area on road section capacity,combining with the nature and characteristics of expressway construction area. The greedy algorithm was used to optimize the proposed model,and then to determine whether the emergency rescue points were involved in the rescue and the specific time and ability of participating in the rescue through the construction area. The cost-capability ratio of each rescue point was compared,so that the appropriate emergency rescue point could be selected for effective rescue. Taking the construction area of Ji'nan-Qinghai section of Shandong expressway as an example,the proposed model was empirically analyzed. The analysis results show that the application of the proposed model can reduce the rescue fee by 16.036 thousand yuan,which is 13.6% lower than the initial plan and reduces the rescue cost.
引文
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[11]亓会杰.高速公路改扩建期间施工路段通行能力研究[D].西安:长安大学,2009:30.QI Huijie. Study on the Traffic Capacity of the Construction Section during Expressway Reconstruction[D]. Xi'an:Chang'an University,2009:30.
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[13]时洪然.突发事件下基于道路可恢复性的灾点物资调度[D].济南:山东大学,2010:20-21.SHI Hongran. Emergency Materials Dispatch Based on Road Restorability[D]. Ji'nan:Shandong University,2010:20-21.
[14]刘春林,何建敏,施建军.一类应急物资调度的优化模型研究[J].中国管理科学,2001,9(3):29-36.LIU Chunlin,HE Jianmin,SHI Jianjun. The study on optimal model for a kind of emergency material dispatch problem[J].Chinese Journal of Management Science,2001,9(3):29-36.
[15]刘春林,施建军,李春雨.模糊应急系统组合优化方案选择问题的研究[J].管理工程学报,2002,16(2):25-28.LIU Chunlin, SHI Jianjun, LI Chunyu. Selection of the combinatorial optimal scheme for fuzzy emergency system[J].Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management,2002,16(2):25-28.
[16]汤兆平,耿彪,刘卫卫,等.铁路突发事件应急资源调配的优化与决策[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(4):292-297.TANG Zhaoping,GENG Biao,LIU Weiwei,et al. Optimization and decision-making of emergency resource dispatch in railway incidents[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2017,17(4):292-297.
[17]戴更新,达庆利.多资源组合应急调度问题的研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2000(9):52-55.DAI Gengxin,DA Qingli. The study of combinatorial scheduling problem in emergency systems[J]. Systems Engineering-Theory&Practice,2000(9):52-55.
[18]牛宏睿,李平,王富章.铁路突发事件多应急点资源调度模型及仿真研究[J].铁路计算机应用,2009,18(12):20-22.NIU Hongrui,LI Ping,WANG Fuzhang. Research on modeling and simulation of multi-emergency-areas model for emergency resource dispatch in railway emergency events[J]. Railway Computer Application,2009,18(12):20-22.
[2]WEX F,SCHRYEN G,FEUERRIEGEL S,et al. Emergency response in natural disaster management:allocation and scheduling of rescue units[J]. European Journal of Operational Research,2014,235(3):697-708.
[3]SUNG I,LEE T. Optimal allocation of emergency medical resources in a mass casualty incident:patient prioritization by column generation[J]. European Journal of Operational Research,2016,252(2):623-634.
[4] LIU C,ZENG Q,DUA H,et al. E-net modeling and analysis of emergency response processes constrained by resources and uncertain durations[J]. IEEE Transactions on Systems,Man,and Cybernetics:Systems,2015,45(1):84-96.
[5]石志刚,杨秀军.高速公路救援资源的两阶段协作优化配置研究[C]//第三十一届中国控制会议论文集,2012:7261-7264.SHI Zhigang, YANG Xiujun. On optimal allocation of highway rescue resources based on two-stage collaboration[C]//Proceedings of the 31st Chinese Control Conference,2012:7261-7264.
[6]黄德启.面向区域路网的应急资源布局与调度方法研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2012:12-13.HUANG Deqi. Research on Emergency Resources Layout and Scheduling Method for the Regional Road Network[D]. Wuhan:Wuhan University,2012:12-13.
[7]柴干,赵倩,黄琪,等.高速公路交通应急救援资源的配置[J].中国安全科学学报,2010,20(1):165-170.CHAI Gan, ZHAO Qian, HUANG Qi, et al. Allocation of emergency rescue resources for freeway traffic[J]. China Safety Science Journal,2010,20(1):165-170.
[8]王旭坪,马超,阮俊虎.运力受限的应急物资动态调度模型及算法[J].系统工程理论与实践,2013,33(6):1492-1500.WANG Xuping,MA Chao,RUAN Junhu. Model and algorithm of relief materials dynamic scheduling without sufficient vehicle quantity[J]. Systems Engineering—Theory&Practice,2013,33(6):1492-1500.
[9]DIXON K K,Humme J E,LORSCHEIDER A R. Capacity for North Carolina freeway work zones[J]. Transportation Research Record,1995,1529:27-34.
[10]中华人民共和国交通部.公路工程技术标准:JTG B01—2003[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2004.Ministry of Communications of the People's Republic of China.Technical Standard of Highway Engineering:JTG B01—2003[S]. Beijing:China Communications Press,2004.
[11]亓会杰.高速公路改扩建期间施工路段通行能力研究[D].西安:长安大学,2009:30.QI Huijie. Study on the Traffic Capacity of the Construction Section during Expressway Reconstruction[D]. Xi'an:Chang'an University,2009:30.
[12]刘玲.企业参与自然灾害应急管理的相关问题研究[D].秦皇岛:燕山大学,2009:5-6.LIU Ling. The Research on Enterprise Participating in Natural Disaster Emergency Management Related Issues[D]. Qinhuangdao:Yanshan University,2009:5-6.
[13]时洪然.突发事件下基于道路可恢复性的灾点物资调度[D].济南:山东大学,2010:20-21.SHI Hongran. Emergency Materials Dispatch Based on Road Restorability[D]. Ji'nan:Shandong University,2010:20-21.
[14]刘春林,何建敏,施建军.一类应急物资调度的优化模型研究[J].中国管理科学,2001,9(3):29-36.LIU Chunlin,HE Jianmin,SHI Jianjun. The study on optimal model for a kind of emergency material dispatch problem[J].Chinese Journal of Management Science,2001,9(3):29-36.
[15]刘春林,施建军,李春雨.模糊应急系统组合优化方案选择问题的研究[J].管理工程学报,2002,16(2):25-28.LIU Chunlin, SHI Jianjun, LI Chunyu. Selection of the combinatorial optimal scheme for fuzzy emergency system[J].Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management,2002,16(2):25-28.
[16]汤兆平,耿彪,刘卫卫,等.铁路突发事件应急资源调配的优化与决策[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(4):292-297.TANG Zhaoping,GENG Biao,LIU Weiwei,et al. Optimization and decision-making of emergency resource dispatch in railway incidents[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2017,17(4):292-297.
[17]戴更新,达庆利.多资源组合应急调度问题的研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2000(9):52-55.DAI Gengxin,DA Qingli. The study of combinatorial scheduling problem in emergency systems[J]. Systems Engineering-Theory&Practice,2000(9):52-55.
[18]牛宏睿,李平,王富章.铁路突发事件多应急点资源调度模型及仿真研究[J].铁路计算机应用,2009,18(12):20-22.NIU Hongrui,LI Ping,WANG Fuzhang. Research on modeling and simulation of multi-emergency-areas model for emergency resource dispatch in railway emergency events[J]. Railway Computer Application,2009,18(12):20-22.