矿区农田施用木炭和硫酸亚铁对水稻吸收累积镉砷的影响
|
摘要
通过田间小区试验,文章研究了矿区土壤连续2年施用木炭和硫酸亚铁对水稻吸收累积镉、砷的影响,测定不同处理条件下土壤重金属形态和水稻各器官重金属含量。结果表明:施用木炭和硫酸亚铁可以促进水稻的生长发育,增加水稻产量。添加木炭可以提高土壤pH,显著降低土壤中有效态镉含量,其最大降低幅度2016年为10.2%,2017年达到33.1%;添加硫酸亚铁处理可以显著降低土壤中有效态砷含量,其最大降低幅度2016年为34.2%,2017年达41.7%。添加木炭处理能显著降低水稻籽粒中镉含量,但是会增加籽粒中砷含量;叶面喷施硫酸亚铁能显著降低水稻籽粒中镉含量,同时也能降低水稻对于砷的吸收。
Field experiment was conducted to study the effects of adding charcoal and ferrous sulfate to the soil on accumulation of Cd and As in rice for two consecutive years. The speciation of heavy metal in soil and heavy metal uptake by rice under different treatments were determined. The results showed that the amendments of charcoal and ferrous sulfate could promote the rice growth and increase rice yield. The addition of charcoal could increase soil pH value, and significantly reduce the available cadmium content in soil, with the maximum reduction rate of 10.2% in 2016 and 33.1% in 2017, respectively. Adding ferrous sulfate treatments could significantly reduce the available arsenic content in soil, and its maximum reduction in2016 was 34.2%, up to 41.7% in 2017. Adding charcoal could significantly reduce the cadmium content in rice grains, but it would increase the arsenic content in the grains. Foliar spraying ferrous sulfate could significantly reduce the cadmium content in rice grains, but also reduce the rice arsenic absorption.
Field experiment was conducted to study the effects of adding charcoal and ferrous sulfate to the soil on accumulation of Cd and As in rice for two consecutive years. The speciation of heavy metal in soil and heavy metal uptake by rice under different treatments were determined. The results showed that the amendments of charcoal and ferrous sulfate could promote the rice growth and increase rice yield. The addition of charcoal could increase soil pH value, and significantly reduce the available cadmium content in soil, with the maximum reduction rate of 10.2% in 2016 and 33.1% in 2017, respectively. Adding ferrous sulfate treatments could significantly reduce the available arsenic content in soil, and its maximum reduction in2016 was 34.2%, up to 41.7% in 2017. Adding charcoal could significantly reduce the cadmium content in rice grains, but it would increase the arsenic content in the grains. Foliar spraying ferrous sulfate could significantly reduce the cadmium content in rice grains, but also reduce the rice arsenic absorption.
引文
[1]曾希柏,徐建明,黄巧云,等.中国农田重金属问题的若干思考[J].土壤学报,2013,50(1):186-194.Zeng Xibai,Xu Jianming,Huang Qiaoyun,et al.Some thoughts on heavy metal problems in farmland in China[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2013,50(1):186-194.
[2]Liu H,Probst A,Liao B.Metal contamination in soils and crops affected by Chenzhou lead/zinc mine spill(Hunan,China)[J].Science of the Total Environment,2005,339:153-166.
[3]辜娇峰,周航,吴玉俊,等.复合改良剂对稻田Cd、As活性与累积的协同调控[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(1):206-214.Gu Jiaofeng,Zhou Hang,Wu Yujun,et al.Synergistic regulation of the activity and accumulation of Cd and As in paddy fields by compound modifiers[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Science,2016,36(1):206-214.
[4]李季,黄益宗,保琼莉,等.几种改良剂对矿区土壤中As化学形态和生物可给性的影响[J].环境化学,2015,34(12):2198-2203.Li Ji,Huang Yizong,Bao Qiongli,et al.Effects of several modifiers on the chemical form and biocompatibility of As in soils in mining areas[J].Environmental Chemistry,2015,34(12):2198-2203.
[5]辜娇峰,周航,杨文弢,等.复合改良剂对镉砷化学形态及在水稻中累积转运的调控[J].土壤学报,2016,53(6):1576-1585.Gu Jiaofeng,Zhou Hang,Yang Wentao,et al.Compound modification agent for the chemical form of arsenic and cadmium and its regulation of accumulation and transport in rice[J].Chinese Journal of Soil Science,2016,53(6):1576-1585.
[6]杨文弢,周航,邓贵友,等.组配改良剂对污染稻田中铅、镉和砷生物有效性的影响[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(1):257-263.Yang Wentao,Zhou Hang,Deng Guiyou,et al.Effects of amendments on the bioavailability of lead,cadmium,and arsenic in contaminated rice fields[J].Journal of Environmental Science,2016,36(1):257-263.
[7]梁媛,王晓春,曹心德.基于磷酸盐、碳酸盐和硅酸盐材料化学钝化修复重金属污染土壤的研究进展[J].环境化学,2012,31(1):16-25.Liang Yuan,Wang Xiaochun,Cao Xinde.Research progress in chemical passivation of heavy metal contaminated soil based on phosphate,carbonate and silicate materials[J].Environmental Chemistry,2012,31(1):16-25.
[8]陈炳睿,徐超,吕高明,等.6种固化剂对土壤Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn的固化效果[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(7):1330-1336.Chen Bingrui,Xu Chao,Lyu Gaoming,et al.Curing effect of six curing agents on soil Pb,Cd,Cu,Zn[J].Journal of Agro-environment Science,2012,31(7):1330-1336.
[9]张小凯,何丽芝,陆扣萍,等.生物质炭修复重金属及有机物污染土壤的研究进展[J].土壤,2013,45(6):970-977.Zhang Xiaokai,He Lizhi,Lu Kouping,et al.Research progress of biomass carbon for remediation of heavy metals and organic contaminated soils[J].Journal of Soil,2013,45(6):970-977.
[10]雷鸣,曾敏,廖柏寒,等.含磷物质对水稻吸收土壤砷的影响[J].环境科学,2014(8):3149-3154.Lei Ming,Zeng Min,Liao Bohan,et al.Effects of phosphorus-containing substances on absorption of soil arsenic in rice[J].Environmental Science,2014(8):3149-3154.
[11]卢美献,李方圆,张超兰,等.不同固定剂对土壤中镉砷钝化修复效果研究[J].广西大学学报:自然科学版,2016,41(5):1667-1675.Lu Meixian,Li Fangyuan,Zhang Chaolan,et al.Effect of different fixatives on passivation of cadmium and arsenic in soil[J].Journal of Guangxi University:Natural Science Edition,2016,41(5):1667-1675.
[12]Zou Lina,Zhang Shu,Duan Dechao,et al.Effects of ferrous sulfate amendment and water management on rice growth and metal(loid)accumulation in arsenic and lead co-contaminated soil[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2018,25:8888-8902.
[13]郭继斌,王莉,韩娇,等.联合浸提法测定土壤有效态镉[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(3):369-372.Guo Jibin,Wang Li,Han Jiao,et al.Combined leaching method for determination of available cadmium in soil[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Science,2016,44(3):369-372.
[14]付力成,王人民,孟杰,等.叶面锌、铁配施对水稻产量、品质及锌铁分布的影响及其品种差异[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(24):5009-5018.Fu Licheng,Wang Renmin,Meng Jie,et al.Effect of foliar zinc and iron fertilizer on yield,quality,distribution of zinc and iron in rice and variety differences[J].Chinese Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2010,43(24):5009-5018.
[15]张爱平,刘汝亮,高霁,等.生物炭对宁夏引黄灌区水稻产量及氮素利用率的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015,21(5):1352-1360.Zhang Aiping,Liu Ruliang,Gao Ji,et al.Effects of biochar on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency in Ningxia Yellow River Irrigation Area[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,2015,21(5):1352-1360.
[16]张伟明,孟军,王嘉宇,等.生物炭对水稻根系形态与生理特性及产量的影响[J].作物学报,2013,39(8):1445-1451.Zhang Weiming,Meng Jun,Wang Jiayu,et al.Effects of biochar on rice root morphology,physiological characteristics and yield[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2013,39(8):1445-1451.
[17]Asai H,Samson B K,Stephan H M,et al.Biochar amendment techniques for upland rice production in Northern Laos:1.soil physical properties,leaf SPAD and grain yield[J].Field Crops Research,2009,111(1):81-84.
[18]Sohi S P,Krull E,Lopezcapel E,et al.A review of biochar and its use and function in soil[J].Advances in Agronomy,2010,105(1):47-82.
[19]杜志敏,周静,郝建设,等.4种改良剂对土壤-黑麦草系统中镉行为的影响[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(11):2728-2732.Du Zhimin,Zhou Jing,Hao Jianshe,et al.Effects of four improvers on cadmium behavior in soil-ryegrass system[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-environment,2010,19(11):2728-2732.
[20]蒋艳艳.生物炭吸附固定镉、铜效果的研究[D].荆州:长江大学,2014.Jiang Yanyan.Study on Biochar Adsorption of Fixed Cadmium and Copper[D].Jingzhou:Yangtse University,2014.
[21]Jackson B P,Miller W P.Effectiveness of phosphate and hydroxide for desorption of arsenic and selenium species from iron oxides[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,2000,64(5):1616-1622.
[22]Cui L,Li L,Mail A Z,et al.Biochar amendment greatly reduces rice Cd uptake in a contaminated paddy soil:a twoyear field experiment[J].Bioresources,2011,6(3):2605-2618.
[23]张迪,胡学玉,柯跃进,等.生物炭对城郊农业土壤镉有效性及镉形态的影响[J].环境科学与技术,2016,38(4):88-94.Zhang Di,Hu Xueyu,Ke Yuejin,et al.Effects of biochar on cadmium availability and cadmium forms in suburban agricultural soils[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2016,38(4):88-94.
[24]Gao J,Zhao J,Dong C,et al.Remediation of metal-contaminated paddy soils by chemical washing with FeCl3,and citric acid[J].Journal of Soils&Sediments,2017(1):1-9.
[25]Zou L,Zhang S,Duan D,et al.Effects of ferrous sulfate amendment and water management on rice growth and metal(loid)accumulation in arsenic and lead co-contaminated soil[J].Environmental Science&Pollution Research,2018,25(9):8888-8902.
[26]Jonker M T,Koelmans A A.Sorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls to soot and soot-like materials in the aqueous environment:mechanistic considerations[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2002,36(17):3725-3734.
[27]刘阿梅,向言词,田代科,等.生物炭对植物生长发育及重金属镉污染吸收的影响[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(5):193-198.Liu Amei,Xiang Yanci,Tian Daike,et al.Effect of biochar on plant growth and cadmium absorption of heavy metals[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,27(5):193-198.
[28]Lombi E,Tearall K L,Howarth J R,et al.Influence of iron status on cadmium and zinc uptake by different ecotypes of the hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescens[J].Plant Physiology,2002,128(4):1359-1367.
[29]Erin L C,Janette P F,Mary L G.Expression of the IRT1metal transporter is controlled by metals at the levels of transcript and protein accumulation[J].Plant Cell,2002,14(6):1347-1357.
[30]Cohen C K,Fox T C,David F G,et al.The role of iron-deficiency stress responses in stimulating heavy metal transport in plants[J].Plant Physiology,1998,116(3):1063-1072.
[31]Vert G,Grotz N,Dedaldechamp F,et al.IRT1,an Arabidopsis transporter essential for iron uptake from the soil and for plant growth[J].Plant Cell,2002,14(6):1223-1233.
[32]Shao G S,Chen M X,Wang W X,et al.Iron nutrition affects cadmium accumulation and toxicity in rice plants[J].Plant Growth Regulation,2007,53(1):33-42.
[33]Sharma S S,Kaul S,Metwally A,et al.Cadmium toxicity to barley(Hordeum vulgare)as affected by varying Fe nutritional status[J].Plant Science,2004,166(55):1287-1295.
[2]Liu H,Probst A,Liao B.Metal contamination in soils and crops affected by Chenzhou lead/zinc mine spill(Hunan,China)[J].Science of the Total Environment,2005,339:153-166.
[3]辜娇峰,周航,吴玉俊,等.复合改良剂对稻田Cd、As活性与累积的协同调控[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(1):206-214.Gu Jiaofeng,Zhou Hang,Wu Yujun,et al.Synergistic regulation of the activity and accumulation of Cd and As in paddy fields by compound modifiers[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Science,2016,36(1):206-214.
[4]李季,黄益宗,保琼莉,等.几种改良剂对矿区土壤中As化学形态和生物可给性的影响[J].环境化学,2015,34(12):2198-2203.Li Ji,Huang Yizong,Bao Qiongli,et al.Effects of several modifiers on the chemical form and biocompatibility of As in soils in mining areas[J].Environmental Chemistry,2015,34(12):2198-2203.
[5]辜娇峰,周航,杨文弢,等.复合改良剂对镉砷化学形态及在水稻中累积转运的调控[J].土壤学报,2016,53(6):1576-1585.Gu Jiaofeng,Zhou Hang,Yang Wentao,et al.Compound modification agent for the chemical form of arsenic and cadmium and its regulation of accumulation and transport in rice[J].Chinese Journal of Soil Science,2016,53(6):1576-1585.
[6]杨文弢,周航,邓贵友,等.组配改良剂对污染稻田中铅、镉和砷生物有效性的影响[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(1):257-263.Yang Wentao,Zhou Hang,Deng Guiyou,et al.Effects of amendments on the bioavailability of lead,cadmium,and arsenic in contaminated rice fields[J].Journal of Environmental Science,2016,36(1):257-263.
[7]梁媛,王晓春,曹心德.基于磷酸盐、碳酸盐和硅酸盐材料化学钝化修复重金属污染土壤的研究进展[J].环境化学,2012,31(1):16-25.Liang Yuan,Wang Xiaochun,Cao Xinde.Research progress in chemical passivation of heavy metal contaminated soil based on phosphate,carbonate and silicate materials[J].Environmental Chemistry,2012,31(1):16-25.
[8]陈炳睿,徐超,吕高明,等.6种固化剂对土壤Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn的固化效果[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(7):1330-1336.Chen Bingrui,Xu Chao,Lyu Gaoming,et al.Curing effect of six curing agents on soil Pb,Cd,Cu,Zn[J].Journal of Agro-environment Science,2012,31(7):1330-1336.
[9]张小凯,何丽芝,陆扣萍,等.生物质炭修复重金属及有机物污染土壤的研究进展[J].土壤,2013,45(6):970-977.Zhang Xiaokai,He Lizhi,Lu Kouping,et al.Research progress of biomass carbon for remediation of heavy metals and organic contaminated soils[J].Journal of Soil,2013,45(6):970-977.
[10]雷鸣,曾敏,廖柏寒,等.含磷物质对水稻吸收土壤砷的影响[J].环境科学,2014(8):3149-3154.Lei Ming,Zeng Min,Liao Bohan,et al.Effects of phosphorus-containing substances on absorption of soil arsenic in rice[J].Environmental Science,2014(8):3149-3154.
[11]卢美献,李方圆,张超兰,等.不同固定剂对土壤中镉砷钝化修复效果研究[J].广西大学学报:自然科学版,2016,41(5):1667-1675.Lu Meixian,Li Fangyuan,Zhang Chaolan,et al.Effect of different fixatives on passivation of cadmium and arsenic in soil[J].Journal of Guangxi University:Natural Science Edition,2016,41(5):1667-1675.
[12]Zou Lina,Zhang Shu,Duan Dechao,et al.Effects of ferrous sulfate amendment and water management on rice growth and metal(loid)accumulation in arsenic and lead co-contaminated soil[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2018,25:8888-8902.
[13]郭继斌,王莉,韩娇,等.联合浸提法测定土壤有效态镉[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(3):369-372.Guo Jibin,Wang Li,Han Jiao,et al.Combined leaching method for determination of available cadmium in soil[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Science,2016,44(3):369-372.
[14]付力成,王人民,孟杰,等.叶面锌、铁配施对水稻产量、品质及锌铁分布的影响及其品种差异[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(24):5009-5018.Fu Licheng,Wang Renmin,Meng Jie,et al.Effect of foliar zinc and iron fertilizer on yield,quality,distribution of zinc and iron in rice and variety differences[J].Chinese Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2010,43(24):5009-5018.
[15]张爱平,刘汝亮,高霁,等.生物炭对宁夏引黄灌区水稻产量及氮素利用率的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015,21(5):1352-1360.Zhang Aiping,Liu Ruliang,Gao Ji,et al.Effects of biochar on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency in Ningxia Yellow River Irrigation Area[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,2015,21(5):1352-1360.
[16]张伟明,孟军,王嘉宇,等.生物炭对水稻根系形态与生理特性及产量的影响[J].作物学报,2013,39(8):1445-1451.Zhang Weiming,Meng Jun,Wang Jiayu,et al.Effects of biochar on rice root morphology,physiological characteristics and yield[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2013,39(8):1445-1451.
[17]Asai H,Samson B K,Stephan H M,et al.Biochar amendment techniques for upland rice production in Northern Laos:1.soil physical properties,leaf SPAD and grain yield[J].Field Crops Research,2009,111(1):81-84.
[18]Sohi S P,Krull E,Lopezcapel E,et al.A review of biochar and its use and function in soil[J].Advances in Agronomy,2010,105(1):47-82.
[19]杜志敏,周静,郝建设,等.4种改良剂对土壤-黑麦草系统中镉行为的影响[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(11):2728-2732.Du Zhimin,Zhou Jing,Hao Jianshe,et al.Effects of four improvers on cadmium behavior in soil-ryegrass system[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-environment,2010,19(11):2728-2732.
[20]蒋艳艳.生物炭吸附固定镉、铜效果的研究[D].荆州:长江大学,2014.Jiang Yanyan.Study on Biochar Adsorption of Fixed Cadmium and Copper[D].Jingzhou:Yangtse University,2014.
[21]Jackson B P,Miller W P.Effectiveness of phosphate and hydroxide for desorption of arsenic and selenium species from iron oxides[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,2000,64(5):1616-1622.
[22]Cui L,Li L,Mail A Z,et al.Biochar amendment greatly reduces rice Cd uptake in a contaminated paddy soil:a twoyear field experiment[J].Bioresources,2011,6(3):2605-2618.
[23]张迪,胡学玉,柯跃进,等.生物炭对城郊农业土壤镉有效性及镉形态的影响[J].环境科学与技术,2016,38(4):88-94.Zhang Di,Hu Xueyu,Ke Yuejin,et al.Effects of biochar on cadmium availability and cadmium forms in suburban agricultural soils[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2016,38(4):88-94.
[24]Gao J,Zhao J,Dong C,et al.Remediation of metal-contaminated paddy soils by chemical washing with FeCl3,and citric acid[J].Journal of Soils&Sediments,2017(1):1-9.
[25]Zou L,Zhang S,Duan D,et al.Effects of ferrous sulfate amendment and water management on rice growth and metal(loid)accumulation in arsenic and lead co-contaminated soil[J].Environmental Science&Pollution Research,2018,25(9):8888-8902.
[26]Jonker M T,Koelmans A A.Sorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls to soot and soot-like materials in the aqueous environment:mechanistic considerations[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2002,36(17):3725-3734.
[27]刘阿梅,向言词,田代科,等.生物炭对植物生长发育及重金属镉污染吸收的影响[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(5):193-198.Liu Amei,Xiang Yanci,Tian Daike,et al.Effect of biochar on plant growth and cadmium absorption of heavy metals[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,27(5):193-198.
[28]Lombi E,Tearall K L,Howarth J R,et al.Influence of iron status on cadmium and zinc uptake by different ecotypes of the hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescens[J].Plant Physiology,2002,128(4):1359-1367.
[29]Erin L C,Janette P F,Mary L G.Expression of the IRT1metal transporter is controlled by metals at the levels of transcript and protein accumulation[J].Plant Cell,2002,14(6):1347-1357.
[30]Cohen C K,Fox T C,David F G,et al.The role of iron-deficiency stress responses in stimulating heavy metal transport in plants[J].Plant Physiology,1998,116(3):1063-1072.
[31]Vert G,Grotz N,Dedaldechamp F,et al.IRT1,an Arabidopsis transporter essential for iron uptake from the soil and for plant growth[J].Plant Cell,2002,14(6):1223-1233.
[32]Shao G S,Chen M X,Wang W X,et al.Iron nutrition affects cadmium accumulation and toxicity in rice plants[J].Plant Growth Regulation,2007,53(1):33-42.
[33]Sharma S S,Kaul S,Metwally A,et al.Cadmium toxicity to barley(Hordeum vulgare)as affected by varying Fe nutritional status[J].Plant Science,2004,166(55):1287-1295.