宁夏六盘山盆地早白垩世六盘山群原型盆地特征
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摘要
六盘山盆地是近南北向狭长的中新生代断陷沉积盆地,位于秦岭、祁连加里东褶皱带与鄂尔多斯盆地西缘断褶带之间,华北古板块南部边缘,为河西走廊东延部分。通过六盘山盆地六盘山群底部砾岩砾石特征、古水流等分析,探讨下白垩统沉积时期的物源特征。从露头观察结果看,三桥组沉积的粗粒砂砾岩具有分选性和磨圆度差的特点,反映结构成熟度低及离物源近的特点。早白垩世初期,六盘山盆地受晚侏罗世挤压构造的影响,盆地周缘山体为剥蚀区,西南缘沉积了一套以粗碎屑为主的冲积扇,向盆地内部过渡为辫状河;早白垩世晚期,受伸展构造的影响,盆地边界向外扩展,坳陷一并向西部扩展,随着气候的干旱-湿润交替出现,发育冲积扇、河流、三角洲及浅湖、咸化湖沉积。
Liupanshan Basin is a Mesozoic-Cesozoic rift sedimentary basin which is located in the southern North China Plate and the east extension part of Hexi Corridor and lies along Qinling-Qilian Caledonian fold belt. In this paper, the authors analyzed conglomerate gravel characteristics and palaeocurrent of Liupanshan Basinand explored provenance characteristics of Lower Cretaceous strata. Outcrop observations show that separation and grinding roundness of conglomerate and sandstone of Sanqiao Group are poor,reflecting middle-low structure maturity and nearby source. At the beginning of the Early Cretaceous,basin boundary was affected by strong compressive tectonic background of Late Jurassic,a series of highland internal basins and peripheral mountains suffered from weathering denudation, and the southwestern margin was mainly characterized by coarse clastic sedimentary piedmont pluvial fan accumulation and deposited piedmont pluvial fan of predominantly coarse fragments,which was gradually transitional to braided river towards the interior of the basin. In late Early Cretaceous,the basin boundary was expanded towards the west. Accompanied by alternate drought-humid climate, there developed alluvial fan, braided river, delta, shallow lake and saline lake facies.
Liupanshan Basin is a Mesozoic-Cesozoic rift sedimentary basin which is located in the southern North China Plate and the east extension part of Hexi Corridor and lies along Qinling-Qilian Caledonian fold belt. In this paper, the authors analyzed conglomerate gravel characteristics and palaeocurrent of Liupanshan Basinand explored provenance characteristics of Lower Cretaceous strata. Outcrop observations show that separation and grinding roundness of conglomerate and sandstone of Sanqiao Group are poor,reflecting middle-low structure maturity and nearby source. At the beginning of the Early Cretaceous,basin boundary was affected by strong compressive tectonic background of Late Jurassic,a series of highland internal basins and peripheral mountains suffered from weathering denudation, and the southwestern margin was mainly characterized by coarse clastic sedimentary piedmont pluvial fan accumulation and deposited piedmont pluvial fan of predominantly coarse fragments,which was gradually transitional to braided river towards the interior of the basin. In late Early Cretaceous,the basin boundary was expanded towards the west. Accompanied by alternate drought-humid climate, there developed alluvial fan, braided river, delta, shallow lake and saline lake facies.
引文
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[3]白云来,王新民,刘化清,等.鄂尔多斯盆地西部边界的确定及其地球动力学背景[J].地质学报,2006,80(6):792-813.
[4]金学强,曹炜华.宁夏六盘山地区白垩纪地层环境演化研究[J].宁夏工程技术,2006,5(1):1-3.
[5]屈红军,李文厚,何希鹏,等.六盘山盆地下白垩统沉积层序与含油气系统[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2003,33(1):70-74.
[6]戴霜,朱强,胡鸿飞.六盘山群磁性地层年代[J].地层学杂志,2009,33(2):188-192.
[7]辛补社,杨华,付金华,等.甘肃靖远宝积山地区上三叠统南营儿群底部凝灰岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄及其地层学意义[J].地质论评,2013,59(2):267-273.
[8]付国斌,李兴亮.六盘山盆地中新生代沉积地层[J].新疆石油学院学报,2002,14(2):24-27.
[9]崔红庄,王金铎,尹克敏,等.六盘山盆地早白垩世沉积演化特征分析[J].西安科技大学学报,2013,33(4):411-416
[10]林小云,胡望水,谢锐杰.六盘山盆地与酒西盆地成藏条件对比[J].天然气工业,2006,26(4):21-23.
[11]种俊丰,魏巍.六盘山盆地海参1井油源对比与勘探意义[J].中国西部油气地质,2006,2(3):294-301.
[12]李昌鸿.六盘山盆地西南缘构造与油气勘探潜力分析[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2009,36(3):243-248.
[13]郇玉龙,崔红庄,尚应军.六盘山盆地构造样式与油气分布[J].海洋地质前沿,2011,27(5):31-46.
[14]宁夏回族自治区地质矿产局.宁夏回族自治区区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社,1990:180-186.
[15]郇玉龙,崔红庄,尚应军,等.六盘山盆地构造样式与油气分布[J].海洋地质前沿,2011,27(5):31-34,46.
[16]杨福忠.六盘山盆地含油气远景预测[J].石油勘探与开发,1995,22(1):5-8.
[17]李昌鸿.六盘山盆地西南缘构造与油气勘探潜力分析[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2009,36(3):243-248.
[18]刘运黎,汤玉平.青藏高原东北缘六盘山盆地烃源岩的地球化学特征[J].地质通报,2007,26(4):483-491.