SPF大鼠感染金黄色葡萄球菌原因的调查分析
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摘要
目的连续监测某实验动物饲养场SPF大鼠携带的金黄色葡萄球菌Staphylococcus aureus(SA)情况,结合该饲养场环境、人员等检测结果,查找污染源,为保障和提高实验动物质量提供依据。方法 2011—2017年依据《实验动物金黄色葡萄球菌检测方法 (GB/T 14926.14-2001)》对SPF大鼠进行SA监测,并采集饲养环境和饲养人员的样本进行检测。对所有分离的SA菌株应用金黄色葡萄球菌A蛋白(SPA)基因分型和脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)分型,分析污染源。结果 35份SPF大鼠检出16株SA,检出率45.71%;18份饲养环境和饲养人员样本检出2株SA,检出率11.11%。SPA分型可分成5个型别,T2360为优势型别,主要由2013年和2017年SPF大鼠中的菌株组成。PFGE有5种带型,SA4为主要带型。饲养环境中SA的PFGE带型与2017年SPF大鼠中的完全一致。结论饲养环境中存在的SA与SPF大鼠感染的SA具有紧密联系。
Objective To explore the cause of contamination and provide a basis for ensuring and improving the quality of laboratory animals.Methods The prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus(SA) in SPF rats in an experimental animal farm, the environment, and the rearing staff were continuously monitored during 2011-2017 according to the National Standard(GB/T 14926.14-2001). All the isolated SA strains were classified by Staphylococcus aureus protein A(SPA) typing and pulse field electrophoresis(PFGE) to trace the pollutant source.Results A total of 16 SA strains were detected from 35 SPF rats with an isolation rate of 45.71%. Moreover, two SA strains were isolated from 18 samples of feeding environment and rearing staff, and among of which, one strain was detected in the air of the breeding room, and one strain was isolated from the nasopharyngeal swab of the rearing staff. The result of SPA typing showed that the obtained SA strains could be divided into 5 types. T2360 was the dominant type, which composed of strains from SPF rats in 2013 and 2017. Additionally, all the SA strains were divided into 5 types as determined by PFGE typing, and SA4 was found to be the main type. The PFGE pattern of SA isolated from the air of breeding room was identical to that from SPF rats in 2017.Conclusion The contamination of SA in SPF rats in the experimental animal farm is closely related to the spreading of SA in the air of breeding room.
Objective To explore the cause of contamination and provide a basis for ensuring and improving the quality of laboratory animals.Methods The prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus(SA) in SPF rats in an experimental animal farm, the environment, and the rearing staff were continuously monitored during 2011-2017 according to the National Standard(GB/T 14926.14-2001). All the isolated SA strains were classified by Staphylococcus aureus protein A(SPA) typing and pulse field electrophoresis(PFGE) to trace the pollutant source.Results A total of 16 SA strains were detected from 35 SPF rats with an isolation rate of 45.71%. Moreover, two SA strains were isolated from 18 samples of feeding environment and rearing staff, and among of which, one strain was detected in the air of the breeding room, and one strain was isolated from the nasopharyngeal swab of the rearing staff. The result of SPA typing showed that the obtained SA strains could be divided into 5 types. T2360 was the dominant type, which composed of strains from SPF rats in 2013 and 2017. Additionally, all the SA strains were divided into 5 types as determined by PFGE typing, and SA4 was found to be the main type. The PFGE pattern of SA isolated from the air of breeding room was identical to that from SPF rats in 2017.Conclusion The contamination of SA in SPF rats in the experimental animal farm is closely related to the spreading of SA in the air of breeding room.
引文
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葛文平,张旭,高翔,等.2012.我国商业化SPF级小鼠病原体污染分析[J].中国比较医学杂志,22(3):65-68.
姜光瑶,王琦,何学令,等.2010.实验动物与公共卫生安全的思考[J].现代预防医学,37(1):64-65.
谭磊,朱战波,崔玉东,等.2008.牛源金黄色葡萄球菌spa基因多态性分型研究[J].中国人兽共患病学报,24(2):146-149.
田攀.2016.屏障系统中SPF级NIH小鼠的饲养与运营管理[J].畜牧与饲料科学,37(1):18-21.
魏杰,林建伟,付瑞,等.2014.2009—2013年北京地区实验动物质量抽检结果分析[J].实验动物科学,31(2):1-6.
闫笑梅,陶晓霞,郑明寰,等.2009.北京分离株金黄色葡萄球菌基因型分析[J].中国病原生物学杂志,4(5):321-324.
杨小蓉,黄伟峰,谢晓丽,等.2014.一例由阪崎肠杆菌感染引起腹泻患儿的溯源分析[J].疾病监测,29(10):794-796.
张越华,郑秀青.2017.PCR技术在SPF级实验动物鼠检测中的应用[J].当代畜牧,(3):46-48.
邹自英,韩黎,熊杰,等.2014.金黄色葡萄球菌临床分离株SPA分型和耐药特征研究[J].中国感染与化疗杂志,14(2):142-145.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.2011.Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus on PulseNet (OPN) laboratory protocol for molecular typing of S.aureus by pulsed-fieldgel electrophoresis (PFGE)[EB/OL].Department of Health and Human Services,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Monaco M,Sanchini A,Grundmann H,et al.2010.Vancomycin-heteroresistant phenotype in invasive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates belonging to spa type 041[J].European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases,29(7):771-777.
Nobuhito H,Hanako M,Tomoko I,et al.2013.Current microbiological status of laboratory mice and rats in experimental facilities in Japan[J].Experimental Animals,62(1):41-48.