一体化TOF-PET/MR的临床应用与挑战
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摘要
精准化医疗是现代医学发展的趋势,而反映生命过程不同侧面信息的多模态影像学技术是实现精准化医疗的必要条件。PET及MRI的出现推动了多模态影像学的发展,特别是一体化TOF-PET/MR,可克服PET探测器与MRI强磁场相互干扰的技术难题、实现时间和空间上的同步扫描,对于从结构、功能、分子代谢等方面探索疾病的发生、发展及诊断具有重要意义。TOF技术有助于提高PET图像质量,降低假阳性或假阴性。本文就一体化TOF-PET/MR的临床应用及其面临的挑战进行综述。
Modern medicine is evolving toward precise medical treatment.Multi-modality imaging can comprehensively reflect different aspects of the life process,which is necessary for achieving precise medical treatment.PET/MR emerging will promote the development of multi-modality imaging,especially integrative TOF-PET/MR,which can overcome the technical difficulties of mutual interference between PET detectors and high magnetic fields in MRI,and realize synchronous scanning in time and space.It is of great significance for exploring the occurrence,development and diagnosis of diseases from many aspects,such as structure,function and molecular metabolism.TOF technique is helpful to improve the quality of PET images and reduce false positives or false negatives.The clinical application and challenge of TOF-PET/MR were reviewed in this article.
Modern medicine is evolving toward precise medical treatment.Multi-modality imaging can comprehensively reflect different aspects of the life process,which is necessary for achieving precise medical treatment.PET/MR emerging will promote the development of multi-modality imaging,especially integrative TOF-PET/MR,which can overcome the technical difficulties of mutual interference between PET detectors and high magnetic fields in MRI,and realize synchronous scanning in time and space.It is of great significance for exploring the occurrence,development and diagnosis of diseases from many aspects,such as structure,function and molecular metabolism.TOF technique is helpful to improve the quality of PET images and reduce false positives or false negatives.The clinical application and challenge of TOF-PET/MR were reviewed in this article.
引文
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[2]石江勇,赵建农,周治明,等.功能磁共振成像评价肝性脑病患者大脑基线活动的改变.中国医学影像技术,2015,31(5):701-705.
[3]张仙海,高明勇,周新韩,等.MR灌注加权成像和磁敏感加权成像评价胶质瘤.中国医学影像技术,2013,29(12):1937-1940.
[4]Pichler BJ,Wehrl HF,Kolb A,et al.Positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging:The next generation of multimodality imaging?Semin Nucl Med,2008,38(3):199-208.
[5]Pichler BJ,Kolb A,Naegele T,et al.PET/MRI:Paving the way for the next generation of clinical multimodality imaging applications.J Nucl Med,2010,51(3):333-336.
[6]卢洁,赵国光.一体化PET/MR操作规范与临床应用.北京:人民卫生出版社,2017:1-57.
[7]Yang K,Melcher CL,RACK PD,et al.Effects of calcium codoping on charge traps in LSO:Ce crystals.IEEE Trans Nucl Sci,2009,56(5):2960-2965.
[8]Schaart DR,Seifert S,Vinke R,et al.LaBr(3):Ce and SiPMs for time-of-flight PET:Achieving 100ps coincidence resolving time.Phys Med Biol,2010,55(7):179-189.
[9]Kadrmas DJ,Casey ME,Conti M,et al.Impact of time-of-flight on PET tumor detection.J Nucl Med,2009,50(8):1315-1323.
[10]申强,李建红,王荣福.PET-MRI新技术应用进展.中国医学装备,2017,14(4):7-12.
[11]Moses WW.Time of flight in PET revisited.IEEE Trans Nucl Sci,2003,50(5):1325-1330.
[12]Kolb A,Sauter AW,Eriksson L,et al.Shine-through in PET/MR imaging:Effects of the magnetic field on positron range and subsequent image artifacts.J Nucl Med,2015,56(6):951-954.
[13]Boellaard R,Hofman MBM,Hoekstra OS,et al.Accurate PET/MR quantification using time of flight MLAA image reconstruction.Mol Imaging Biol,2014,16(4):469-477.
[14]Mehranian A,Zaidi H.Impact of time-of-flight PET on quantification errors in MR imaging-based attenuation correction.J Nucl Med,2015,56(4):635-641.
[15]Bailey DL,Pichler BJ,Guckel B,et al.Combined PET/MRI:Multi-modality multi-parametric imaging is here:Summary report of the 4th international workshop on PET/MR imaging;February 23-27,2015,Tübingen,Germany.Mol Imaging Biol,2015,17(5):595-608.
[16]田嘉禾,张永学.PET/MR:分子影像发展的新契机.中华核医学与分子影像,2014,34(6):421-422.
[17]Hofmann M,Steinke F,Scheel V,et al.MRI-based attenuation correction for PET/MRI:A novel approach combining pattern recognition and atlas registration.J Nucl Med,2008,49(11):1875-1883.
[18]Catana C,Drzezga A,Heiss WD,et al.PET/MRI for neurologic applications.J Nucl Med,2012,53(12):1916-1925.
[19]Buchbender C,Heusner TA,Lauenstein TC,et al.Oncologic PET/MRI,Part 1:Tumors of the brain,head and neck,chest,abdomen,and pelvis.J Nucl Med.2012,53(6):928-938.
[20]Buchbender C,Heusner TA,Lauenstein TC,et al.Oncologic PET/MRI,Part 2:Bone tumors,soft tissue tumors,melanoma,and lymphoma.J Nucl Med,2012,53(8):1244-1252.
[21]王海鹏,樊馨,贠明凯,等.PET/MRI衰减校正技术研究进展.中国医学影像技术,2014,30(2):295-299.
[22]Ehman EC,Geoffrey GB,Villanueva-Meyer JE,et al.PET/MRI:Where Might ItReplace PET/CT?J Magn Reson Imaging,2017,46(5):1247-1262.
[23]Brix G,Nekolla EA,Nosske D,et al.Risks and safety aspects related to PET/MR examination.Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging,2009,36(Suppl 1):S131-S138.
[24]Sattler B,Kochimsen T,Barthel H,et al.Physical and organizational provision for installation,regulatory requirement and implementation of a simultaneous hybrid PET/MR-imaging system in an integrated research and clinical setting.Magn Reson Mater Phys Biol Med,2013,26(1):1-6.
[25]Besson FL,Lebon V,Durand E.What are we expecting from PET/MRI?Med Nucl,2016,40(1):31-40.