晶粒尺寸对ZL101合金低温拉伸性能的影响
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摘要
通过对ZL101合金在20℃和-60℃拉伸温度下的力学性能进行分析,利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜对合金显微组织进行观察,研究晶粒尺寸对ZL101合金低温拉伸性能和低温拉伸过程中裂纹的萌生与扩展的影响。结果表明:通过变质细化处理和提高凝固速率,可以减小晶粒尺寸,同时改善合金中Si相形貌,降低硬质Si相对铝基体的割裂作用,从而ZL101合金力学性能得到提高;ZL101合金在-60℃拉伸温度下的抗拉强度高于20℃,伸长率则相反。
By analysis of mechanical properties of ZL101 alloy at 20℃ and -60℃ stretching temperature, the micro-structure of the alloy has been observed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. The effects of grain size on tensile strength and crack initiation & propagation during stretching process at the low temperature of ZL101 alloy have been studied. The results show that the mechanical properties of ZL101 alloy can be improved by modifying the grain size and increasing the solidification rate, which can reduce the grain size, improve the phase morphology of Si phase and re-duce the cleavage of hard Si with respect to the aluminum matrix. The tensile strength of ZL101 alloy is higher than 20℃ at -60℃ stretching temperature while the elongation is opposite.
By analysis of mechanical properties of ZL101 alloy at 20℃ and -60℃ stretching temperature, the micro-structure of the alloy has been observed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. The effects of grain size on tensile strength and crack initiation & propagation during stretching process at the low temperature of ZL101 alloy have been studied. The results show that the mechanical properties of ZL101 alloy can be improved by modifying the grain size and increasing the solidification rate, which can reduce the grain size, improve the phase morphology of Si phase and re-duce the cleavage of hard Si with respect to the aluminum matrix. The tensile strength of ZL101 alloy is higher than 20℃ at -60℃ stretching temperature while the elongation is opposite.
引文
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[3]闫亮,杜凤山,戴圣龙,等.微观组织对2E12铝合金疲劳裂纹扩展的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2010,20(7):1275-1281.
[4]范广新,王明星,刘志勇,等.加钛和加硼方式对铝合金的晶粒细化及其衰退行为的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2004,14(9):1557-1563.
[5]兰晔峰,郭朋,朱正锋,等.新型中间合金铝晶粒细化剂Al-TiB-RE的研制[J].中国铸造装备与技术,2005(1):8-10.
[6]郝丽荣,徐聪,王文红,等.Al-Ti-B-Sr细化变质剂对A357铝合金组织和力学性能的影响[J].轻合金加工技术,2014,42(3):28-31.
[7]孙腾飞,史志铭,张秀梅,等.铸件壁厚对ZL101铝合金组织和力学性能的影响[J].内蒙古工业大学学报,2007,26(4):302-304.
[8]陈瑞,许庆彦,郭会廷,等.Al-7Si-Mg铸造铝合金凝固和热处理过程微观组织模拟和屈服强度预测[J].稀有金属,2017,41(8):837-849.
[9]王志峰,赵维民,熊国源.不同冷却工艺下A356铝合金轮毂的缺陷分析及其对力学性能的影响[J].中国铸造装备与技术,2011(5):6-11.
[10]李杰华,郝启堂.铝合金熔体净化技术的现状及其发展趋势[J].中国铸造装备与技术,2005(6):1-4.
[11]Srivastava V C,Ojha S N.Microstructure and wear characteristics of spray formed and hot extruded Al-Si alloys[J].Materials Science&Technology,2004,20(12):1632-1638.
[12]Wang Q G,Caceres C H,Griffiths J R.Damage by eutectic particle cracking in aluminum casting alloys A356/357[J].Metallurgical&Materials Transactions A,2003,34(12):2901-2912.
[13]Isaev N V,Shumilin S E,Zabrodin P A,et al..Strain hardening and jump-like deformation of ultrafine polycrystalline polycrystals of Al-Li solid solution at 0.5K[J].Low Temperature Physics,2013,39(7):633-639.
[14]Rincon E,Lopez H F,Cisneros M M,et al.Temperature effects on the tensile properties of cast and heat treated aluminum alloy A319[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,2009,519(1):128-140.
[15]高义民.金属凝固原理[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2010:58-65.
[16]Yamamura K,Saji S,Hisa M,et al.Temperature dependence of mechanical properties at cryogenic temperature in Al-Li-Mg alloys[J].Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals,1991,41(8):515-521.