马来酸酐表面改性秸秆增强热塑性淀粉复合材料
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摘要
首先用马来酸酐(MA)对小麦秸秆(WS)表面进行预处理,再经双螺杆挤出机在高温剪切作用下与玉米淀粉及增塑剂共混制备马来酸酐改性秸秆增强热塑性淀粉(TPS/MA-WS)复合材料,研究了MA的用量对TPS/MA-WS的力学性能、断面形貌、热稳定性和耐水性的影响。结果表明,WS经不同用量的MA改性后,以1%(质量分数,下同)添加于TPS/MA-WS中,使复合材料的性能改善明显;当MA用量为4%时,其拉伸强度和断裂伸长率达到最佳(2.76 MPa和158.24%);热稳定性方面,MA改性使WS/TPS复合材料的最大热分解速率有所提高;MA处理使得复合材料的耐水性显著提高,当MA用量为6%时,接触角可达到83.6°;综合性能以MA含量为4%时制得的复合材料最优。
In this work, wheat-straw(WS) was surface-treated with maleic anhydride(MA) and then melt blended with corn starch to prepare the MA-treated WS-reinforced thermoplastic starch composites. The effects of MA content on the mechanical properties, thermal stability, morphology and water resistance of the composites were investigated. The results indicated that the mechanical properties of the composites were improved at the WS content of 1 wt % and the MA content of 4 wt %. The composite also achieved the tensile strength of 2.76 MPa and the elongation at break of 158.24 %. As for the thermal stability, the incorporation of MA-treated WS improved the maximum decomposition rate of the composites. Moreover, the composites showed a water contact angle of 83.6 ° at the MA content of 6 wt %. The optimal content MA was determined as 4 wt % for the composites on the basis of the investigation results.
In this work, wheat-straw(WS) was surface-treated with maleic anhydride(MA) and then melt blended with corn starch to prepare the MA-treated WS-reinforced thermoplastic starch composites. The effects of MA content on the mechanical properties, thermal stability, morphology and water resistance of the composites were investigated. The results indicated that the mechanical properties of the composites were improved at the WS content of 1 wt % and the MA content of 4 wt %. The composite also achieved the tensile strength of 2.76 MPa and the elongation at break of 158.24 %. As for the thermal stability, the incorporation of MA-treated WS improved the maximum decomposition rate of the composites. Moreover, the composites showed a water contact angle of 83.6 ° at the MA content of 6 wt %. The optimal content MA was determined as 4 wt % for the composites on the basis of the investigation results.
引文
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[2] SUIN S,KHATUA B B.Highly Exfoliated Eco-friendly Thermoplastic Starch (TPS)/Poly(lactic acid)(PLA)/Clay Nanocomposites Using Unmodified Nanoclay[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2014,110(38):430-439.
[3] RICO M,RODRíGUEZ-LLAMAZARES S,BARRAL L,et al.Processing and Characterization of Polyols Plasticized-starch Reinforced with Microcrystalline Cellulose[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2016,149:83.
[4] 张晓明,刘雄亚.纤维增强热塑性复合材料及其应用[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2007:59-82.
[5] 唐嗥,郭斌,李本刚,等.热塑性淀粉的增强研究进展[J].塑料工业,2013,41(1):1-8.TANG H,GUO B,LI B G,et al.Study on Reinforcement of Thermoplastic Starch[J].China Plastics Industry,2013,41(1):1-8.
[6] CASTA?O J,RODRíGUEZLLAMAZARES S,CARRASCO C,et al.Physical,Chemical and Mechanical Properties of Pehuen Cellulosic Husk and Its Pehuen-starch Based Composites[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2012,90(4):1 550-1 556.
[7] WANG C,LI F,WANG L,et al.Research on Thermoplastic Starch and Different Fiber Reinforced Biomass Composites[J].Rsc Advances,2015,5(62):49 824-49 830.
[8] PRACHAYAWARAKORN J,RUTTANABUS P,BOONSOM P.Effect of Cotton Fiber Contents and Lengths on Properties of Thermoplastic Starch Composites Prepared from Rice and Waxy Rice Starches[J].Journal of Polymers & the Environment,2011,19(1):274-282.
[9] LOPEZGI A,RODRIGUEZPEREZ M A,SAJA J A D,et al.Strategies to Improve the Mechanical Properties of Starch-based Materials:Plasticization and Natural Fibers Reinforcement[J].Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications,2014,24(ESP):36-42.
[10] 姜海天,唐皞,郭斌,等.农作物秸秆在复合材料中的应用研究进展[J].高分子通报 2013,(11):54-62.JIANG H T,TANG H,GUO B,et al.Research Deve-lopment of Application of the Agricultural Straw in Composite Materials[J].Chinese Polymer Bulletin,2013,(11):54-62.
[11] 王礼建,姜海天,郭斌,等.物理方法对纤维素纤维的表面处理及其应用研究进展[J].材料导报,2014,28(19):119-124.WANG L J,JIANG H T,GUO B,et al.Research Development of Physical Methods for Cellulose Fiber Surface Treatment and Application[J].Materials Review,2014,28(19):119-124.
[12] GAO M,JIA X,KUANG G,et al.Thermo-and pH-Responsive Dendronized Copolymers of Styrene and Maleic Anhydride Pendant with Poly(amidoamine) Dendrons as Side Groups[J].Macromolecules,2009,42(12):4 273-4 281.