不同地区不同寄主植物上孤雌桃蚜及不同蚜型桃蚜共生菌的多样性
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摘要
为了解桃蚜Myzus persicae共生菌动态变化的影响因素,利用诊断PCR、通用引物PCR及PCR-DGGE技术检测不同地区、不同寄主植物、不同蚜型桃蚜体内共生菌的种类,并用诊断PCR技术测定桃蚜体内次生共生菌的感染率。结果显示,不同地区、不同寄主植物、不同蚜型桃蚜体内初生共生菌布赫纳氏菌Buchnera aphidicola的16SrRNA基因序列高度一致。不同地区相同寄主上孤雌桃蚜体内次生共生菌的种类和感染率均不相同。同一地区不同寄主上孤雌桃蚜体内次生共生菌的种类和感染率略有差异。桃树上不同蚜型桃蚜体内次生共生菌种类有很大差异,孤雌蚜、雌性蚜和雄蚜未感染次生共生菌,卵和干雌分别感染杀雄菌Arsenophonus和沃尔巴克氏菌Wolbachia,干母感染沙雷氏菌Serratia symbiotica和杀雄菌。表明寄主植物、地理位置和生殖方式都影响桃蚜体内次生共生菌的感染模式,不同蚜型间次生共生菌菌群变化更大。
To clarify the influencing factors of endosymbiont dynamics in Myzus persicae, diagnostic PCR with specific primers, PCR with universal primers and PCR-denatured gradient gel electrophoresis(PCR-DGGE) were used to detect the type of endosymbionts in viviparous females of M. persicae collected on different host plants from distinct regions in China and in different morphs collected on peach trees, and the diagnostic PCR was utilized to examine the infection frequencies of the secondary endosymbionts(S-endosymbionts) in M. persicae. The results showed that the partial sequences of 16 SrRNA gene of Buchnera aphidicola, the primary endosymbionts in all samples showed high similarity among different morphs, regions and host plants. As for the viviparous females collected on the same host plants, the types and infection frequencies of S-endosymbionts were different among regions. The types and infection frequencies of S-endosymbionts of the viviparous females had little differences in different host plants from the same region. The S-endosymbionts were greatly different among aphid morphs. The viviparous females, oviparous females and males did not harbor S-endosymbionts. Arsenophonus was detected in overwintering eggs. Wolbachia was screened in fundatrigeniae, and both Serratia symbiotica and Arsenophonus were found in fundatrices. The results indicated that the factors involving host plant, geographical location and reproductive mode could affect the infection dynamics of S-endosymbionts in M. persicae, among which morphs had greater impact on the infection patterns of S-endosymbionts.
To clarify the influencing factors of endosymbiont dynamics in Myzus persicae, diagnostic PCR with specific primers, PCR with universal primers and PCR-denatured gradient gel electrophoresis(PCR-DGGE) were used to detect the type of endosymbionts in viviparous females of M. persicae collected on different host plants from distinct regions in China and in different morphs collected on peach trees, and the diagnostic PCR was utilized to examine the infection frequencies of the secondary endosymbionts(S-endosymbionts) in M. persicae. The results showed that the partial sequences of 16 SrRNA gene of Buchnera aphidicola, the primary endosymbionts in all samples showed high similarity among different morphs, regions and host plants. As for the viviparous females collected on the same host plants, the types and infection frequencies of S-endosymbionts were different among regions. The types and infection frequencies of S-endosymbionts of the viviparous females had little differences in different host plants from the same region. The S-endosymbionts were greatly different among aphid morphs. The viviparous females, oviparous females and males did not harbor S-endosymbionts. Arsenophonus was detected in overwintering eggs. Wolbachia was screened in fundatrigeniae, and both Serratia symbiotica and Arsenophonus were found in fundatrices. The results indicated that the factors involving host plant, geographical location and reproductive mode could affect the infection dynamics of S-endosymbionts in M. persicae, among which morphs had greater impact on the infection patterns of S-endosymbionts.
引文
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Brinza L,Vi?uelas J,Cottret L,Calevro F,RahbéY,Febvay G,Duport G,Colella S,Rabatel A,Gautier C,et al.2009.Systemic analysis of the symbiotic function of Buchnera aphidicola,the primary endosymbiont of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum.Comptes Rendus Biologies,332(11):1034-1049
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Fukatsu T,Tsuchida T,Nikoh N,Koga R.2001.Spiroplasma symbiont of the pea aphid,Acyrthosiphon pisum(Insecta:Homoptera).Applied and Environmental Microbiology,67(3):1284-1291
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Lin XL,Pan QJ,Tian HG,Douglas AE,Liu TX.2015.Bacteria abundance and diversity of different life stages of Plutella xylostella(Lepidoptera:Plutellidae),revealed by bacteria culture-dependent and PCR-DGGE methods.Insect Science,22(3):375-385
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Liu YH,Kang ZW,Guo Y,Zhu GS,Rahman Shah MM,Song Y,Fan YL,Jing XF,Liu TX.2016.Nitrogen hurdle of host alternation for a polyphagous aphid and the associated changes of endosymbionts.Scientific Reports,6:24781
Montllor CB,Maxmen A,Purcell AH.2002.Facultative bacterial endosymbionts benefit pea aphids Acyrthosiphon pisum under heat stress.Ecological Entomology,27(2):189-195
Moran NA,Dunbar HE.2006.Sexual acquisition of beneficial symbionts in aphids.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,103(34):12803-12806
Oliver KM,Campos J,Moran NA,Hunter MS.2008.Population dynamics of defensive symbionts in aphids.Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B:Biological Sciences,275(1632):293-299
Oliver KM,Degnan PH,Burke GR,Moran NA.2010.Facultative symbionts in aphids and the horizontal transfer of ecologically important traits.Annual Review of Entomology,55:247-266
Oliver KM,Russell JA,Moran NA,Hunter MS.2003.Facultative bacterial symbionts in aphids confer resistance to parasitic wasps.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,100(4):1803-1807
Pan H,Li X,Ge D,Wang S,Wu Q,Xie W,Jiao X,Chu D,Liu B,Xu B,et al.2012.Factors affecting population dynamics of maternally transmitted endosymbionts in Bemisia tabaci.PLo S ONE,7(2):e30760
Russell JA,Weldon S,Smith AH,Kim KL,Hu Y,?ukasik P,Doll S,Anastopoulos I,Novin M,Oliver KM.2013.Uncovering symbiont-driven genetic diversity across North American pea aphids.Molecular Ecology,22(7):2045-2059
Sandstr?m JP,Russell JA,White JP,Moran NA.2001.Independent origins and horizontal transfer of bacterial symbionts of aphids.Molecular Ecology,10(1):217-228
Shan HW,Liu SS,Liu YQ.2016.Responses of insect holobionts to unfavorable temperatures.Journal of Plant Protection,43(1):24-31(in Chinese)[单红伟,刘树生,刘银泉.2016.昆虫共生体对不利温度的响应.植物保护学报,43(1):24-31]
Sim?es PM,Mialdea G,Reiss D,Sagot MF,Charlat S.2011.Wolbachia detection:an assessment of standard PCR protocols.Molecular Ecology Resources,11(3):567-572
Simon JC,Boutin S,Tsuchida T,Koga R,Le Gallic JF,Frantz A,Outreman Y,Fukatsu T.2011.Facultative symbiont infections affect aphid reproduction.PLo S ONE,6(7):e21831
Song Y,Fan YL,Wu LJ,Zhang ZF,Liu YH,Liu TX.2014.Comparison and optimization of genomic DNA extraction from endosymbionts of aphids.Journal of Plant Protection,41(6):643-648(in Chinese)[宋月,樊永亮,武丽娟,张战凤,刘艳红,刘同先.2014.蚜虫内共生菌基因组DNA提取方法的比较和优化.植物保护学报,41(6):643-648]
Tsuchida T,Koga R,Fukatsu T.2004.Host plant specialization governed by facultative symbiont.Science,303(5666):1989
Tsuchida T,Koga R,Matsumoto S,Fukatsu T.2011.Interspecific symbiont transfection confers a novel ecological trait to the recipient insect.Biology Letters,7(2):245-248
Tsuchida T,Koga R,Shibao H,Matsumoto T,Fukatsu T.2002.Diversity and geographic distribution of secondary endosymbiotic bacteria in natural populations of the pea aphid,Acyrthosiphon pisum.Molecular Ecology,11(10):2123-2135
von Dohlen CD,Moran NA.2000.Molecular data support a rapid radiation of aphids in the cretaceous and multiple origins of host alternation.Biological Journal of the Linnean Society,71(4):689-717
Vorburger C,Ganesanandamoorthy P,Kwiatkowski M.2013.Comparing constitutive and induced costs of symbiont-conferred resistance to parasitoids in aphids.Ecology and Evolution,3(3):706-713
Wang SY,Niu YJ,Liang NN,Liu TX.2016.Feeding and parasitic functional responses of the parasitoid Aphelinus asychis Walker to green peach aphid Myzus persicae(Sulzer).Journal of Plant Protection,43(2):267-274(in Chinese)[王圣印,牛雨佳,梁宁宁,刘同先.2016.短翅蚜小蜂对桃蚜的取食和寄生功能反应.植物保护学报,43(2):267-274]
Wang Z,Shen ZR,Song Y,Liu HY,Li ZX.2009.Distribution and diversity of Wolbachia in different populations of the wheat aphid Sitobion miscanthi(Hemiptera:Aphididae)in China.European Journal of Entomology,106(1):49-55
Wang Z,Su XM,Wen J,Jiang LY,Qiao GX.2014.Widespread infection and diverse infection patterns of Wolbachia in Chinese aphids.Insect Science,21(3):313-325
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Augustinos AA,Santos-Garcia D,Dionyssopoulou E,Moreira M,Papapanagiotou A,Scarvelakis M,Doudoumis V,Ramos S,Agular AF,Borges PAV,et al.2011.Detection and characterization of Wolbachia infections in natural populations of aphids:is the hidden diversity fully unraveled?PLo S ONE,6(12):e28695
Brinza L,Vi?uelas J,Cottret L,Calevro F,RahbéY,Febvay G,Duport G,Colella S,Rabatel A,Gautier C,et al.2009.Systemic analysis of the symbiotic function of Buchnera aphidicola,the primary endosymbiont of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum.Comptes Rendus Biologies,332(11):1034-1049
Caspi-Fluger A,Inbar M,Mozes-Daube N,Katzir N,Portnoy V,Belausov E,Hunter MS,Zchori-Fein E.2012.Horizontal transmission of the insect symbiont Rickettsia is plant-mediated.Proceedings of the Royal Society B:Biological Sciences,279(1734):1791-1796
Chen DQ,Montllor CB,Purcell AH.2000.Fitness effects of two facultative endosymbiotic bacteria on the pea aphid,Acyrthosiphon pisum,and the blue alfalfa aphid,A.kondoi.Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,95(3):315-323
Ding CL,Wang P,Xiao M.2010.Optimization of PCR-DGGE conditions for analyzing the diversity of rhizosphere bacteria in wetland.Journal of Shanghai Normal University(Natural Sciences),39(4):408-414(in Chinese)[丁陈利,王平,肖明.2010.PCR-DGGE分析湿地植物根际土壤细菌群落实验条件优化.上海师范大学学报(自然科学版),39(4):408-414]
Douglas AE.2015.Multiorganismal insects:diversity and function of resident microorganisms.Annual Review of Entomology,60:17-34
Ferrari J,Darby AC,Daniell TJ,Godfray HCJ,Douglas AE.2004.Linking the bacterial community in pea aphids with host-plant use and natural enemy resistance.Ecological Entomology,29(1):60-65
Ferrari J,Vavre F.2011.Bacterial symbionts in insects or the story of communities affecting communities.Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B:Biological Sciences,366(1569):1389-1400
Foottit RG,Maw HEL,von Dohlen CD,Hebert PDN.2008.Species identification of aphids(Insecta:Hemiptera:Aphididae)through DNA barcodes.Molecular Ecology Resources,8(6):1189-1201
Fukatsu T,Tsuchida T,Nikoh N,Koga R.2001.Spiroplasma symbiont of the pea aphid,Acyrthosiphon pisum(Insecta:Homoptera).Applied and Environmental Microbiology,67(3):1284-1291
Hou YM,Liu SY,Zhou JH,Hu ZD,Hu MR,Zhao YX.1999.Researches on population dynamics of green peach aphid,Myzus persicae(Homoptera:Aphididae)on different host plants.Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,17(4):45-49(in Chinese)[侯有明,刘绍友,周靖华,胡作栋,胡美绒,赵耀先.1999.不同寄主植物上桃蚜种群动态的研究.干旱地区农业研究,17(4):45-49]
Kikuchi Y,Hosokawa T,Fukatsu T.2007.Insect-microbe mutualism without vertical transmission:a stinkbug acquires a beneficial gut symbiont from the environment every generation.Applied and Environmental Microbiology,73(13):4308-4316
Krieg NR,Holt JG.1984.Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology,Vol.1.Williams and Wilkins,Baltimore,London
Leonardo TE,Muiru GT.2003.Facultative symbionts are associated with host plant specialization in pea aphid populations.Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B:Biological Sciences,270(S2):209-212
Li Q,Fan J,Sun JR,Wang MQ,Francis F,Chen JL.2016.Research progress in the interactions among the plants,insects and endosymbionts.Journal of Plant Protection,43(6):881-891(in Chinese)[李迁,范佳,孙京瑞,王满囷,Frederic Francis,陈巨莲.2016.昆虫内共生菌-昆虫-植物互作关系研究进展.植物保护学报,43(6):881-891]
Lin XL,Pan QJ,Tian HG,Douglas AE,Liu TX.2015.Bacteria abundance and diversity of different life stages of Plutella xylostella(Lepidoptera:Plutellidae),revealed by bacteria culture-dependent and PCR-DGGE methods.Insect Science,22(3):375-385
Liu L,Huang XL,Qiao GX.2013.Trends in research on the primary endosymbiont of aphids,Buchnera aphidicola.Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology,50(5):1419-1427(in Chinese)[刘琳,黄晓磊,乔格侠.2013.蚜虫初级内共生菌Buchnera aphidicola研究进展.应用昆虫学报,50(5):1419-1427]
Liu YH.2016.Role of symbionts in using nitrogen nutrition of host plants and defensing against stresses:a case study for Myzus persicae.Ph.D Thesis.Yangling:Northwest A&F University(in Chinese)[刘艳红.2016.共生菌在提高桃蚜利用寄主植物氮营养及防御能力中的作用.博士学位论文.杨凌:西北农林科技大学]
Liu YH,Kang ZW,Guo Y,Zhu GS,Rahman Shah MM,Song Y,Fan YL,Jing XF,Liu TX.2016.Nitrogen hurdle of host alternation for a polyphagous aphid and the associated changes of endosymbionts.Scientific Reports,6:24781
Montllor CB,Maxmen A,Purcell AH.2002.Facultative bacterial endosymbionts benefit pea aphids Acyrthosiphon pisum under heat stress.Ecological Entomology,27(2):189-195
Moran NA,Dunbar HE.2006.Sexual acquisition of beneficial symbionts in aphids.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,103(34):12803-12806
Oliver KM,Campos J,Moran NA,Hunter MS.2008.Population dynamics of defensive symbionts in aphids.Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B:Biological Sciences,275(1632):293-299
Oliver KM,Degnan PH,Burke GR,Moran NA.2010.Facultative symbionts in aphids and the horizontal transfer of ecologically important traits.Annual Review of Entomology,55:247-266
Oliver KM,Russell JA,Moran NA,Hunter MS.2003.Facultative bacterial symbionts in aphids confer resistance to parasitic wasps.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,100(4):1803-1807
Pan H,Li X,Ge D,Wang S,Wu Q,Xie W,Jiao X,Chu D,Liu B,Xu B,et al.2012.Factors affecting population dynamics of maternally transmitted endosymbionts in Bemisia tabaci.PLo S ONE,7(2):e30760
Russell JA,Weldon S,Smith AH,Kim KL,Hu Y,?ukasik P,Doll S,Anastopoulos I,Novin M,Oliver KM.2013.Uncovering symbiont-driven genetic diversity across North American pea aphids.Molecular Ecology,22(7):2045-2059
Sandstr?m JP,Russell JA,White JP,Moran NA.2001.Independent origins and horizontal transfer of bacterial symbionts of aphids.Molecular Ecology,10(1):217-228
Shan HW,Liu SS,Liu YQ.2016.Responses of insect holobionts to unfavorable temperatures.Journal of Plant Protection,43(1):24-31(in Chinese)[单红伟,刘树生,刘银泉.2016.昆虫共生体对不利温度的响应.植物保护学报,43(1):24-31]
Sim?es PM,Mialdea G,Reiss D,Sagot MF,Charlat S.2011.Wolbachia detection:an assessment of standard PCR protocols.Molecular Ecology Resources,11(3):567-572
Simon JC,Boutin S,Tsuchida T,Koga R,Le Gallic JF,Frantz A,Outreman Y,Fukatsu T.2011.Facultative symbiont infections affect aphid reproduction.PLo S ONE,6(7):e21831
Song Y,Fan YL,Wu LJ,Zhang ZF,Liu YH,Liu TX.2014.Comparison and optimization of genomic DNA extraction from endosymbionts of aphids.Journal of Plant Protection,41(6):643-648(in Chinese)[宋月,樊永亮,武丽娟,张战凤,刘艳红,刘同先.2014.蚜虫内共生菌基因组DNA提取方法的比较和优化.植物保护学报,41(6):643-648]
Tsuchida T,Koga R,Fukatsu T.2004.Host plant specialization governed by facultative symbiont.Science,303(5666):1989
Tsuchida T,Koga R,Matsumoto S,Fukatsu T.2011.Interspecific symbiont transfection confers a novel ecological trait to the recipient insect.Biology Letters,7(2):245-248
Tsuchida T,Koga R,Shibao H,Matsumoto T,Fukatsu T.2002.Diversity and geographic distribution of secondary endosymbiotic bacteria in natural populations of the pea aphid,Acyrthosiphon pisum.Molecular Ecology,11(10):2123-2135
von Dohlen CD,Moran NA.2000.Molecular data support a rapid radiation of aphids in the cretaceous and multiple origins of host alternation.Biological Journal of the Linnean Society,71(4):689-717
Vorburger C,Ganesanandamoorthy P,Kwiatkowski M.2013.Comparing constitutive and induced costs of symbiont-conferred resistance to parasitoids in aphids.Ecology and Evolution,3(3):706-713
Wang SY,Niu YJ,Liang NN,Liu TX.2016.Feeding and parasitic functional responses of the parasitoid Aphelinus asychis Walker to green peach aphid Myzus persicae(Sulzer).Journal of Plant Protection,43(2):267-274(in Chinese)[王圣印,牛雨佳,梁宁宁,刘同先.2016.短翅蚜小蜂对桃蚜的取食和寄生功能反应.植物保护学报,43(2):267-274]
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