短柱肖菝葜野生抚育技术研究
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摘要
为了解决短柱肖菝葜掠夺式采收,维护其资源可持续利用,开展了短柱肖菝葜野生抚育技术等方面的研究。结果表明,块茎抚育模式比种子及其他抚育模式出苗率高,生育期短,雌雄比例易控;通过疏灌木、搭架、圈枝、病虫害防治等技术措施,缩短了生育期;抚育区产新后,年均纯收入1 086元/亩(1亩≈666.67 m~2),比抚育前高86. 9%。该研究提高了喀斯特地貌区短柱肖菝葜的产量与品质,对其他中药材的野生抚育具有指导意义。
To minimize the predatory harvest of Heterosmilax yunnanensis and maintain the sustainable utilization of its resources,a study on the tending technology of wild H. yunnanensis was carried out. The results showed that the tuber tending model had a higher seed emergence rate,shorter growth period and easier control of male and female ratios than other tending models; by removing shrubs,topping,bending pruning,controlling insects and pests and other effective technical measures,the growth period of H. yunnanensis was shortened; the average annual net income of the tending area was 1 086 yuan/mu(1 mu≈666.67m~2),which was 86. 9% higher than before. This study was conducive to increasing the yield and quality of H. yunnanensis in Karst landform area,and instructive for the tending of other wild traditional Chinese medicinal herbs in this area.
To minimize the predatory harvest of Heterosmilax yunnanensis and maintain the sustainable utilization of its resources,a study on the tending technology of wild H. yunnanensis was carried out. The results showed that the tuber tending model had a higher seed emergence rate,shorter growth period and easier control of male and female ratios than other tending models; by removing shrubs,topping,bending pruning,controlling insects and pests and other effective technical measures,the growth period of H. yunnanensis was shortened; the average annual net income of the tending area was 1 086 yuan/mu(1 mu≈666.67m~2),which was 86. 9% higher than before. This study was conducive to increasing the yield and quality of H. yunnanensis in Karst landform area,and instructive for the tending of other wild traditional Chinese medicinal herbs in this area.
引文
[1]陈士林,魏建和,黄林芳,等.中药材野生抚育的理论与实践探讨[J].中国中药杂志,2004,29(12):1123.
[2]王汉卿,王庆,马玲,等.枸杞子药材生产区划研究[J].中国中药杂志,2016,41(17):3127.
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[14]蒯玉花,海丽娜,菅晓勇,等.肖菝葜属药用植物的研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2010,16(11):207.
[15]严爱娟,郭增喜,张文婷,等.产地及生长年限对土茯苓中落新妇苷含量的影响[J].中国现代应用药学,2016,33(6):803.
[2]王汉卿,王庆,马玲,等.枸杞子药材生产区划研究[J].中国中药杂志,2016,41(17):3127.
[3]陈士林,贾敏如,王瑀,等.川贝母野生抚育之群落生态研究[J].中国中药杂志,2003,28(5):398.
[4]关扎根,吴尚英,李安平,等.短柱肖菝葜的资源调查及品质分析[J].中国现代中药,2014,16(6):444.
[5]张思巨,潘炯光,吉力,等.短柱肖菝葜等挥发性成分的GCMS分析[J].中国中药杂志,1999,24(12):740.
[6]蒯玉花,海丽娜,菅晓勇,等.肖菝葜属药用植物的研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2010,16(11):207.
[7]李进冉,张思巨,李琳,等.白土苓中大泽明素与总黄酮的含量测定[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2012,18(8):68.
[8]秦文杰,王钢力,林瑞超.短柱肖菝葜化学成分的研究[J].中草药,2007,30(8):959.
[9]徐淑珍,干国平,吴和珍,等.菝葜属药用植物资源调查[J].现代中药研究与实践,2006,20(1):26.
[10]贾学思,关扎根,范圣此,等.我国菝葜科药用植物资源研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(25):15290.
[11]陈士超,邱英雄,王艾丽,等.菝葜科基于形态学证据的系统发育分析[J].植物分类学报,2006,44(2):113.
[12]谭军,赵金霞,闻家伦.土茯苓及其同属植物药用研究概况[J].中国冶金工业医学杂志,1997,14(1):42.
[13]秦文杰.短柱肖菝葜化学成分及质量控制研究[D].北京:北京中医药大学,2007.
[14]蒯玉花,海丽娜,菅晓勇,等.肖菝葜属药用植物的研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2010,16(11):207.
[15]严爱娟,郭增喜,张文婷,等.产地及生长年限对土茯苓中落新妇苷含量的影响[J].中国现代应用药学,2016,33(6):803.