基于WebGL的三维GIS空间算法的研究与实现
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摘要
WebGL被广泛运用到Web的三维场景可视化和三维WebGIS场景实现中。目前将WebGL应用在三维GIS中的应用研究主要集中在处理图形引擎、三维建筑加载和三维场景可视化等方面,而在采用WebGL技术实现三维GIS以及空间算法上的研究较少。采用WebGL技术实现三维GIS,在进行数据测试的过程中,出现二、三维空间数据不同步、错位情况严重、路径分析三维展示平滑性差、场景漫游旋转时三维对象发生位置偏移和坐标错位等问题。针对以上问题,重点研究二、三维空间数据同步算法、三维运动轨迹处理算法和三维漫游处理算法。以实际的城市三维数据为例进行算法实验分析,结果表明:利用该方法保证了三维GIS中二、三维空间数据的同步,减少了三维漫游过程三维对象位置偏移和坐标错误情况,在路径分析的三维效果中体现了良好的视觉感知。
WebGL has been widely utilized in the 3 D scene visualization on Web and the implementation of 3 D WebGIS scene. At present, in the area of 3 D GIS, WebGL is mainly studied in graphics engine processing, 3 D architecture loading and 3 D scene visualization, but lack of research on 3 D GIS realization and space algorithm by applying WebGL. In this paper, 3 D GIS was implemented by adopting WebGL. During the data test, data from 2 D and 3 D space was unsynchronized and seriously mismatched, and 3 D display indicated poor smoothness during path analysis. In the process of rotating 3 D objects and scenes, position deviation and coordinate dislocation occurred. In view of the above problems, we studied 2 D and 3 D space synchronization algorithm, 3 D object trajectory processing algorithm and 3 D rotation processing algorithm. With the example of actual 3 D city data, the algorithm experimental analysis indicates that the proposed method guarantees the data synchronization of 2 D and 3 D space, reduces the position deviation and coordinate dislocation and reflects well visual perception in the 3 D effects of path analysis.
WebGL has been widely utilized in the 3 D scene visualization on Web and the implementation of 3 D WebGIS scene. At present, in the area of 3 D GIS, WebGL is mainly studied in graphics engine processing, 3 D architecture loading and 3 D scene visualization, but lack of research on 3 D GIS realization and space algorithm by applying WebGL. In this paper, 3 D GIS was implemented by adopting WebGL. During the data test, data from 2 D and 3 D space was unsynchronized and seriously mismatched, and 3 D display indicated poor smoothness during path analysis. In the process of rotating 3 D objects and scenes, position deviation and coordinate dislocation occurred. In view of the above problems, we studied 2 D and 3 D space synchronization algorithm, 3 D object trajectory processing algorithm and 3 D rotation processing algorithm. With the example of actual 3 D city data, the algorithm experimental analysis indicates that the proposed method guarantees the data synchronization of 2 D and 3 D space, reduces the position deviation and coordinate dislocation and reflects well visual perception in the 3 D effects of path analysis.
引文
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[11] 项伟,白征东,汤晓禹. 阻尼最小二乘法在任意欧拉角坐标转换中的应用[J]. 大地测量与地球动力学,2016,36(2):167-170.
[12] 冯贺, 常国权, 郭晓波. 超复数Fourier变换耦合位置扰乱的彩色图像哈希算法[J]. 计算机科学与探索, 2017, 11(11):1837-1848.
[13] Sheng Q H, Shao S, Xiao H, et al. Relative Orientation Dependent on Dual Quaternions[J]. The Photogrammetric Record, 2015, 30(151):300-317.
[14] Zha C, Ding X, Yu Y, et al. Quaternion-based nonlinear trajectory tracking control of a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2017, 30(1):77-92.
[15] Gou X M, Liu Z W, Wei Liu…. Filtering and tracking with trinion-valued adaptive algorithms[J]. Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering, 2016, 17(8):834-840.
[2] 郑维欣, 贾金原. 基于PBR的轻量级WebGL实时真实感渲染算法[J].系统仿真学报,2017,29(11):2693-2699.
[3] 李兴田,张丽萍. 基于WebGL的工程制图网络虚拟模型库的开发[J]. 图学学报,2016,37(6):836-841.
[4] Jenny B, ?avri raster projection for web maps[J]. International Journal of Digital Earth, 2015, 9(3):215-229.
[5] 左正,胡昱,段云岭, 等. 基于第5代HTML标准的拱坝工程三维可视化网络平台[J]. 计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2014,26(4):590-596.
[6] 李海生,刘成,蔡强, 等. 三维模型网格数据压缩技术研究[J]. 系统仿真学报,2013,25(9):2150-2156.
[7] 周静,彭冲. 三维复杂场景路径规划仿真系统设计与分析[J]. 计算机仿真,2015,32(6):364-367.
[8] 谈心,佘江峰. 二维矢量线符号在三维地形表面的贴合渲染方法[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2015,17(12):1483-1489.
[9] 闫利,费亮. 摄影测量成像原理的相机模拟及其在纹理映射中的应用[J]. 测绘通报,2013(5):28-30.
[10] 李军成,刘成志,易叶青. 带形状因子的C～2连续五次Cardinal样条与Catmull-Rom样条[J]. 计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2016,28(11):1821-1831.
[11] 项伟,白征东,汤晓禹. 阻尼最小二乘法在任意欧拉角坐标转换中的应用[J]. 大地测量与地球动力学,2016,36(2):167-170.
[12] 冯贺, 常国权, 郭晓波. 超复数Fourier变换耦合位置扰乱的彩色图像哈希算法[J]. 计算机科学与探索, 2017, 11(11):1837-1848.
[13] Sheng Q H, Shao S, Xiao H, et al. Relative Orientation Dependent on Dual Quaternions[J]. The Photogrammetric Record, 2015, 30(151):300-317.
[14] Zha C, Ding X, Yu Y, et al. Quaternion-based nonlinear trajectory tracking control of a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2017, 30(1):77-92.
[15] Gou X M, Liu Z W, Wei Liu…. Filtering and tracking with trinion-valued adaptive algorithms[J]. Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering, 2016, 17(8):834-840.