基于混合交通流的信号交叉口绿灯间隔设计方法
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摘要
为了提高不同通行模式下平面信号控制交叉口的安全性,提出一种基于混合交通流的交叉口绿灯间隔计算方法。利用在车流超负荷状态时更贴合实际的交通流实用模型,将绿灯间隔影响因素之一的车辆速度转换为交通量进行计算,避免了车辆速度标定的困难,并基于实测数据验证该车速替换方法的合理性。分析采取不同非机动车通行模式的交叉口的冲突点分布,得到基于最高效率极限的改进绿灯间隔计算方法。为验证该方法对交叉口安全性的改善,选取2种代表性绿灯间隔设计方法作为对比。对宿迁市采用传统渠化方式的项王路-黄河路交叉口进行绿灯间隔设计,在3种绿灯间隔设计方法的基础上完成信号灯配时并进行仿真。结果表明,改进后的绿灯间隔计算方法能在保证交叉口通行效率的前提下减小其冲突发生的可能性,对交叉口安全性的提升效果优于现有绿灯间隔设计方法。该方法能基于不同车流量获取交叉口车辆速度,同时降低相邻相位发生机非冲突的可能性。
In order to improve security of plane signalized intersections under different traffic modes, an algorothm to calculate green interval based on mixed traffic flow is developed. In order to convert vehicle speed, one of the factors affecting green interval, into traffic volume for calculation, a utility model of traffic flow which behaves well at overloaded traffic situations is applied. The rationality of this replacement method is veritied by actual speed of vehicles. Conflict points at intersections with traditional traffic modes and slow traffic integration are analyzed. An improved method of green interval based on a limit of maximum efficiency is obtained. In order to verify safety improvements, two representative design of green interval are selected as a comparison. A signal timing scheme applied at the intersection of Xiangwang Road and Huanghe Road in Suqian City is taken as a case study based on three design of green interval. Results show that the improved method can reduce possibility of collision occurrence while ensuring traffic efficiency of intersections, and has better effects on safety improvement than other method. The improved method can acquire speed of vehicles at the intersection based on different traffic flows, and reduce possibility of confliction between vehicles and non-motor vehicles by taking mixed traffic into consideration.
In order to improve security of plane signalized intersections under different traffic modes, an algorothm to calculate green interval based on mixed traffic flow is developed. In order to convert vehicle speed, one of the factors affecting green interval, into traffic volume for calculation, a utility model of traffic flow which behaves well at overloaded traffic situations is applied. The rationality of this replacement method is veritied by actual speed of vehicles. Conflict points at intersections with traditional traffic modes and slow traffic integration are analyzed. An improved method of green interval based on a limit of maximum efficiency is obtained. In order to verify safety improvements, two representative design of green interval are selected as a comparison. A signal timing scheme applied at the intersection of Xiangwang Road and Huanghe Road in Suqian City is taken as a case study based on three design of green interval. Results show that the improved method can reduce possibility of collision occurrence while ensuring traffic efficiency of intersections, and has better effects on safety improvement than other method. The improved method can acquire speed of vehicles at the intersection based on different traffic flows, and reduce possibility of confliction between vehicles and non-motor vehicles by taking mixed traffic into consideration.
引文
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[2] TAKALA K,OLKKONEN H,SALMINEN R.Behavior of riders of electric bicycles at onset of green and yellow at signalized intersections in China[J].Journal of the Transportation Research Board,2012,2317(2317):1477-1481.
[3] 钱红波,李克平.绿灯间隔时间对交叉口交通安全的影响研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2008(6):166-170.QIAN Hongbo,LI Keping.Study on the impact of green light interval on traffic safety at intersections[J].CSSE,2008(6):166-170.(in Chinese)
[4] 江泽浩,汪涛,杨晓光.信控交叉口多绿尾相位切换模式下驾驶行为的对比研究[J].交通信息与安全,2018,36(2):54-60.JIANG Zehao,WANG Tao,YANG Xiaoguang.A comparative study of driving behaviors under different green-yellow-phase-switching modes in signalized intersections[J].Journal of Transport Information and Safety,2018,36(2):54-60.(in Chinese)
[5] German Road and Traffic Engineering Research Association.Traffic signal control guide:current german code [M].Translat or:LI Keping.Beijing:China Building Industry Press,2006.
[6] ELMITINY N,YAN X,RADWAN E,et al.Classification analysis of driver′s stop/go decision and red-light running violation[J].Accident Analysis & Prevention,2010,42(1):101-111.
[7] LIU Y,CHANG G L,YU J.Empirical study of driver responses during the yellow signal phase at six maryland intersections[J].Journal of Transportation Engineering,2012,138(1):31-42.
[8] U.S.Department of Transportation.Manual on uniform traffic control devices for streets and highways[S].U.S:Lightning Source Inc,2009.
[9] MCGEE Sr H,MORIARTY K,GATES T J.Guidelines for timing yellow and red intervals at signalized intersections[J].Journal of the Transportation Research Record,2012,2298(1):1-8.
[10] LI Y,HUANG Z,YUAN H.Setting all-red clearance interval based on traffic conflict technique at signalized intersection[C].10th International Conference of Chinese Transportation Professionals,Beijing,China,ICCTP,2010:799-804.
[11] TANG K,KUWAHARA M.Implementing the concept of critical post-encroachment time for all-red clearance interval design at signalized intersections[J].Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies,2011(9):1485-1498.
[12] 树爱兵,王运霞.城市信号控制交叉口全红时间计算方法研究[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2012,12(增刊1):56-61.SHU Aibing,WANG Yunxia.Research on calculation method of full red time of urban signal control intersection[J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Engineering,2012,12(S1):56-61.(in Chinese)
[13] 李克平.城市道路交通信号控制中的绿灯间隔时间问题[J].城市交通,2010,8(5):73-78.LI Keping.Green light interval time problem in urban road traffic signal control[J].City Transportation,2010,8(5):73-78.(in Chinese)
[14] 杨晓光.城市道路交通设计指南[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2003.YANG Xiaoguang.Urban road traffic design guide[M].Beijing:People′s Communications Press,2003.(in Chinese)
[15] 余璇.关于信号交叉口绿灯间隔时间的研究[J].交通科技与经济,2007,9(6):103-105.YU Xuan.Research on green light interval time at signalized intersections[J].Journal of Transportation Science and Technology,2007,9(6):103-105.(in Chinese)
[16] 李克平,杨佩昆,倪颖.城市道路交叉口信号控制中的黄灯问题[J].城市交通,2010,8(4):67-72.LI Keping,YANG Peikun,NI Ying.The yellow light problem in signal control of urban road intersection[J].Urban Transport,2010,8(4):67-72.(in Chinese)
[17] 李晋,宋瑞,蒋金亮.信号控制交叉口绿灯间隔时间计算方法[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2011,35(3):537-541.LI Jin,SONG Rui,JIANG Jin-liang.Calculation method of green light interval at signalized intersection[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology (Transportation Science and Engineering),2011,35(3):537-541.(in Chinese)
[18] 李铁军,常旭.基于交通状态的绿灯间隔时间的优化算法[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2016,36(3):81-85.LI Tiejun,CHANG Xu.Optimization algorithm of traffic light based on traffic status[J].Journal of Chang′an University (Natural Science Edition),2016,36(3):81-85.(in Chinese)
[19] ITE.Traffc engineering handbook[M].6th ed.Washington,D.C.:ITE,2009.
[20] 王炜.公路交通流车速-流量实用关系模型[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),2003(4):487-491.WANG Wei.A practical model of vehicle speed and flow in highway traffic flow[J].Journal of Southeast University(Natural Science Edition),2003(4):487-491.(in Chinese)
[21] 茹红蕾.城市道路通行能力的影响因素研究[D].上海:同济大学,2008.RU Honglei.Research on the influencing factors of urban road capacity[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2008.(in Chinese)
[22] 罗瑞琪.考虑电动自行车影响的信号交叉口右转机动车行为分析[D].长春:吉林大学,2018.LUO Ruiqi.Analysis of the behavior of right-turning motor vehicles at signalized intersections considering the impact of electric bicycles [D].Changchun:Jilin University,2018.(in Chinese)
[23] 王京元.信号交叉口时空资源综合优化实用方法研究[D].南京:东南大学,2006.WANG Jingyuan.Research on practical optimization method of time and space resources at signalized intersections [D].Nanjing:Southeast University,2006.(in Chinese)
[24] 朱彤,白玉,杨晓光,等.平面交叉口交通冲突安全评价失效分析及改进方法研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2008(2):157-161,179.ZHU Wei,BAI Yu,YANG Xiaoguang,et al.Study on failure analysis and improvement method of traffic conflict safety evaluation at plane intersection[J].China Safety Science Journal,2008(2):157-161,179.(in Chinese)