秦岭南坡油松树轮碳稳定同位素对气候因子的响应
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摘要
根据树木年轮气候学原理,运用相关分析和多元回归分析方法,研究陕西秦岭南坡油松(Pinus tabuliformis)树轮碳稳定同位素(δ~(13)C)对气候变化的响应。结果表明,树轮δ~(13)C含有丰富的气候信息,低海拔(1 250 m)的油松δ~(13)C与前一年的4月温度显著正相关(P<0.05),与当年10月降水显著正相关(P<0.05);中海拔(1 450 m)的油松δ~(13)C与当年2月温度显著正相关(P<0.05),同时也与5月的极端高温显著正相关(P<0.05);高海拔(1 650 m)的油松δ~(13)C与当年10月温度显著负相关(P<0.05),与1月相关湿度显著正相关(P<0.05)。1978、1990年夏、冬季气温的偏低和秋季气温偏高,7月温度低于8月,4-9月降水波动太大,这些反常的气候变化扰乱了油松正常的生理活动,破坏了油松的光合作用过程,造成δ~(13)C值的异常降低。
Based on the principles of dendroclimatology,responses of δ~(13)C in Pinus tabuliformis tree rings to the changes of climatic factors in the south slope of the Qinling Mountains were examined by using the analyses of correlation and multiple regression.The results showed that sufficient climate information was retrieved from the δ~(13)C data set of the tree rings.At low elevation(1 250 m),δ~(13)C in P.tabuliformis was significantly and positively correlated with temperature in April of the previous year(P<0.05),and likewise with precipitation in October of the same year(P<0.05).At mid elevation(1 450 m),δ~(13)C was not only positively correlated with temperature in February of the same year(P<0.05) but also with extreme high temperature in May(P<0.05).At high elevation(1 650 m),δ~(13)C was negatively correlated with temperature in October the same year(P<0.05),and positively correlated with the relative humidity in January the same year(P<0.05).Since spring temperatures clearly impacted carbon uptake and fixation of P.tabuliformis,this tree species? rings thus offered considerable potential for robustly inferring past climatic variability of the Qinling Mountains.
Based on the principles of dendroclimatology,responses of δ~(13)C in Pinus tabuliformis tree rings to the changes of climatic factors in the south slope of the Qinling Mountains were examined by using the analyses of correlation and multiple regression.The results showed that sufficient climate information was retrieved from the δ~(13)C data set of the tree rings.At low elevation(1 250 m),δ~(13)C in P.tabuliformis was significantly and positively correlated with temperature in April of the previous year(P<0.05),and likewise with precipitation in October of the same year(P<0.05).At mid elevation(1 450 m),δ~(13)C was not only positively correlated with temperature in February of the same year(P<0.05) but also with extreme high temperature in May(P<0.05).At high elevation(1 650 m),δ~(13)C was negatively correlated with temperature in October the same year(P<0.05),and positively correlated with the relative humidity in January the same year(P<0.05).Since spring temperatures clearly impacted carbon uptake and fixation of P.tabuliformis,this tree species? rings thus offered considerable potential for robustly inferring past climatic variability of the Qinling Mountains.
引文
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[19] 王培新,杜薇薇,李孟楼.气候变暖与林木害虫的适应性变化[J].西北林学院学报,2011,26(3):124-128.WANG P X,DU W W,LI M L.Global warming and adaptive changes of forest pests[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2011,26(3):124-128.
[20] 丁文广,肖俊豪,汪霞.气候变化对我国森林自然灾害的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2010,25(5):117-120.DING W Z,XIAO J H,WANG X.Influence of climate changes on natural disaster in forests in China[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2010,25(5):117-120.
[21] 凌霄霞,张作林,翟景秋,等.气候变化对中国水稻生产的影响研究进展[J/OL].作物学报.[2019-01-07].http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.1809.S.20190103.1739.013.html.
[22] 唐秀丽.气候变化对我国小麦白粉病流行的影响[D].北京:中国农业大学,2017.
[23] 陈明荣.秦岭的气候与农业[M].西安:陕西人民出版社,1983:1-7.
[24] 刘洪滨,邵雪梅.秦岭南坡佛坪1789年以来1-4月平均温度重建[J].应用气象学报,2003,14(2):188-196.
[25] 杨凤萍,胡兆永,侯琳,等.秦岭火地塘林区油松和华山松林乔木层净生产力与气候因子的关系[J].生态学报,2014,34(22):6489-6500.
[26] 高娜,李书恒,白红英,等.秦岭牛背梁自然保护区巴山冷杉(Abies fargesii)树轮宽度对气候变化响应的分离效应[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(8):2056-2065.GAO N,LI S H,BAI H Y,et al.Response divergence of Abies fargesii tree-ring widths to climate variation in the Niubeiliang nature reserve of the Qinling Mountains [J].Chinese Journal of Ecology 2016,35(8):2056-2065.(in Chinese)
[27] 邬佳宝.秦岭火地塘林区华山松树轮宽度对气候变化的响应[D].杨陵:西北农林科技大学,2015.
[28] 刘禹,马利民,蔡秋芳,等.依据陕西秦岭镇安树木年轮重建3-4月份气温序列[J].自然科学进展:国家重点实验室通讯,2001,11(2):157-162.
[29] 马新萍.秦岭林线及其对气候变化的响应[D].西安:西北大学,2015.
[30] 陈振举,孙雨,何兴元,等.千山油松年轮宽度年表的建立及其与气候的关系[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(10):2191-2201.
[31] 李善家,张有福,陈拓,等.西北油松叶片δ13C特征与环境因子和叶片矿质元素的关系[J].植物生态学报,2011,35(6):596-604.LI S J,ZHANG Y F,CHEN T,et al.Relationships between foliar stable carbon isotope composition and environmental factors and leaf element contents of Pinus tabuliformis in northwestern China[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology 2011,35(6):596-604.(in Chinese)
[32] 马利民,刘禹,赵建夫.贺兰山油松年轮中稳定碳同位素含量和环境的关系[J].环境科学,2003,24(5):49-53.
[33] 彭剑峰,杨爱荣,田沁花.万仙山油松径向生长与气候因子的关系[J].生态学报,2011,31(20):5977-5983.
[34] 蔡秋芳,刘禹.油松树轮记录的1776年以来贺兰山地区气温变化(英文)[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2006,61(9):929-936.CAI Q F,LIU Y.Temperature variability since 1776 inferred from tree-ring of yousong in Helan Mountian[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2006,61(9):929-936.(in Chinese)
[2] 刘禹,安芷生,Linderholm H W,等.青藏高原中东部过去2485年以来温度变化的树轮记录[J].中国科学:地球科学,2009,39(2):166-176.
[3] LOADER N J,MCCARROLL D,GAGEN M,et al.Extracting climatic information from stable isotopes in tree rings[J].Terrestrial Ecology,2007,1(1):25-48.
[4] 冀春雷,徐庆,靳翔,等.树木年轮碳氢氧稳定同位素在全球气候变化研究中的应用[J].林业科学,2010,46(7):129-135.JI C L,XU Q,JIN X,et al.Application of the Tree-Ring stable isotopes in study on the global climate change[J].Scientia Silvae Siniace,2010,46(7):129-135.(in Chinese)
[5] 刘晓宏,安文玲,梁尔源,等.祁连山青海云杉树轮δ13C的时空变化及其气候意义[J].冰川冻土,2010,32(4):666-676.
[6] 靳翔,徐庆,刘世荣,等.川西亚高山不同海拔岷江冷杉树轮碳稳定同位素对气候的响应[J].生态学报,2014,34(7):1831-1840.JIN X,XU Q,LIU S R,et al.Relationships of stable carbon isotope of Abies faxoniana tree-rings to climate in sub-alpine forest in western Sichuan[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2014,34(7):1831-1840.(in Chinese)
[7] 杨保,史锋,SONECHKIN D M,等.过去千年气候变化重建研究新进展[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(2):485-491.
[8] BRIFFA K R,BARTHOLIN T S,ECKSTEIN D,et al.A 1 400-year tree-ring record of summer temperatures in Fennoscandia[J].Nature,1990,346(6283):434-439.
[9] MANN M E,ZHANG Z,HUGHES M K,et al.Proxy-based reconstructions of hemispheric and global surface temperature variations over the past two millennia[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,2008,105(36):13252-13257.
[10] YANG B,QIN C,WANG J L,et al.A 3,500-year tree-ring record of annual precipitation on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau[J].Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U S A,2014,111(8):2903-2908.
[11] YANG B,KANG X C,BRAUNING A,et al.A 622-year regional temperature history of southeast Tibet derived from tree rings [J].Holocene,2010,20(2):181-190.
[12] LIU Y,AN Z S,Linderholm H W,et al.Annual temperatures during the last 2485 years in the mid-eastern Tibetan Plateau inferred from tree rings[J].Science in China Series D:Earth Sciences,2009,52(3):348-359.
[13] 张同文,袁玉江,喻树龙,等.树木年轮重建阿勒泰西部1481-2004年6-9月降水量序列[J].冰川冻土,2008,30(4):659-667.
[14] BOGINO S M,BRAVO F.Carbon stable isotope-climate association in tree rings of Pinus pinaster and Pinus sylvestris in Mediterranean environments [J].Bosque,2014,35(2):175-184.
[15] 李强,刘禹,NAKATSUKA T,等.西藏亚东地区铁杉树轮样本稳定氧同位素的气候响应[J].地球环境学报,2017,8(1):6-14.LI Q,LIU Y,NAKATSUKA T,et al.Climate responses of tree-ring stable oxygen isotopes from Yadong County,Tibetan Plateau [J].Journal of Earth Environment,2017,8(1):6 -14.(in Chinese)
[16] 徐海,洪业汤,朱咏煊,等.安图红松树轮稳定δ13C、δ18O序列记录的气候变化信息[J].地球与环境,2002,30(2):59-65.
[17] 丁一汇,任国玉,石广玉,等.气候变化国家评估报告(Ⅰ):中国气候变化的历史和未来趋势[J].气候变化研究进展,2007,3(Supp.1):1-5.
[18] 冯雪萍,刘金福,何中声,等.气候因子对戴云山木本优势科植物花果期物候的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2017,32(3):56-61.FENG X P,LIU J F,HE Z S,et al.Effects of the climatic factors on phenological phase of flowers and fruits of the main woody plants in Daiyun Mountain [J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2017,32(3):56-61.(in Chinese)
[19] 王培新,杜薇薇,李孟楼.气候变暖与林木害虫的适应性变化[J].西北林学院学报,2011,26(3):124-128.WANG P X,DU W W,LI M L.Global warming and adaptive changes of forest pests[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2011,26(3):124-128.
[20] 丁文广,肖俊豪,汪霞.气候变化对我国森林自然灾害的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2010,25(5):117-120.DING W Z,XIAO J H,WANG X.Influence of climate changes on natural disaster in forests in China[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2010,25(5):117-120.
[21] 凌霄霞,张作林,翟景秋,等.气候变化对中国水稻生产的影响研究进展[J/OL].作物学报.[2019-01-07].http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.1809.S.20190103.1739.013.html.
[22] 唐秀丽.气候变化对我国小麦白粉病流行的影响[D].北京:中国农业大学,2017.
[23] 陈明荣.秦岭的气候与农业[M].西安:陕西人民出版社,1983:1-7.
[24] 刘洪滨,邵雪梅.秦岭南坡佛坪1789年以来1-4月平均温度重建[J].应用气象学报,2003,14(2):188-196.
[25] 杨凤萍,胡兆永,侯琳,等.秦岭火地塘林区油松和华山松林乔木层净生产力与气候因子的关系[J].生态学报,2014,34(22):6489-6500.
[26] 高娜,李书恒,白红英,等.秦岭牛背梁自然保护区巴山冷杉(Abies fargesii)树轮宽度对气候变化响应的分离效应[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(8):2056-2065.GAO N,LI S H,BAI H Y,et al.Response divergence of Abies fargesii tree-ring widths to climate variation in the Niubeiliang nature reserve of the Qinling Mountains [J].Chinese Journal of Ecology 2016,35(8):2056-2065.(in Chinese)
[27] 邬佳宝.秦岭火地塘林区华山松树轮宽度对气候变化的响应[D].杨陵:西北农林科技大学,2015.
[28] 刘禹,马利民,蔡秋芳,等.依据陕西秦岭镇安树木年轮重建3-4月份气温序列[J].自然科学进展:国家重点实验室通讯,2001,11(2):157-162.
[29] 马新萍.秦岭林线及其对气候变化的响应[D].西安:西北大学,2015.
[30] 陈振举,孙雨,何兴元,等.千山油松年轮宽度年表的建立及其与气候的关系[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(10):2191-2201.
[31] 李善家,张有福,陈拓,等.西北油松叶片δ13C特征与环境因子和叶片矿质元素的关系[J].植物生态学报,2011,35(6):596-604.LI S J,ZHANG Y F,CHEN T,et al.Relationships between foliar stable carbon isotope composition and environmental factors and leaf element contents of Pinus tabuliformis in northwestern China[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology 2011,35(6):596-604.(in Chinese)
[32] 马利民,刘禹,赵建夫.贺兰山油松年轮中稳定碳同位素含量和环境的关系[J].环境科学,2003,24(5):49-53.
[33] 彭剑峰,杨爱荣,田沁花.万仙山油松径向生长与气候因子的关系[J].生态学报,2011,31(20):5977-5983.
[34] 蔡秋芳,刘禹.油松树轮记录的1776年以来贺兰山地区气温变化(英文)[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2006,61(9):929-936.CAI Q F,LIU Y.Temperature variability since 1776 inferred from tree-ring of yousong in Helan Mountian[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2006,61(9):929-936.(in Chinese)