北京某医院神经内科医院感染季节性差异及影响因素分析
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摘要
目的探讨北京地区季节变化对神经内科住院患者医院感染发病率的影响,为制定有效的医院感染预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法对2015年10月至2018年9月入住北京市顺义区医院的神经内科患者医院感染发生率进行回顾性分析。对比分析一个自然年内,每月的患者收治和医院感染情况。对可能引起医院感染季节性差异的影响因素进行对比分析。结果 11 922例患者总住院日117 229天内发生医院感染225例,患者医院感染例次发生率为1.89%,日例次感染率为1.92‰。每年2、3、11月份是医院感染高发期,以呼吸系统感染为主。医院感染高发期患者平均住院日和脑出血占比高于其他月份(P<0.05)。结论初冬和早春季节是北京地区神经内科患者的医院感染高发期,应加强这一时期的医院感染防控和监测。
Objective To explore the influence of seasonal changes on the incidence of nosocomial infection in inpatients of neurology department in Beijing, and to provide scientific basis for formulating effective measures for prevention and control of nosocomial infection. Methods The incidence rate of nosocomial infection in neurological patients admitted to Shunyi District Hospital of Beijing from October 2015 to September 2018 was retrospectively analyzed. The monthly patient admissions and nosocomial infection during a year were compared. The influencing factors that might cause seasonal differences of nosocomial infections were compared and analyzed. Results In 11 922 patients, 225 cases of nosocomial infection occurred within 117 229 days of total hospitalization. The incidence rate of nosocomial infection was 1.89%, and the daily rate of nosocomial infection was 1.92‰. February, March and November were the periods of high incidence of nosocomial infection, mainly respiratory infections. The average hospitalization days and the proportion of cerebral hemorrhage in patients with high incidence of nosocomial infection were higher than those in other months, with statistically significant difference(P<0.05). Conclusion Early winter and early spring are the periods of high incidence of nosocomial infection in neurology patients in Beijing. The prevention, control and surveillance of nosocomial infection should be strengthened during the periods.
Objective To explore the influence of seasonal changes on the incidence of nosocomial infection in inpatients of neurology department in Beijing, and to provide scientific basis for formulating effective measures for prevention and control of nosocomial infection. Methods The incidence rate of nosocomial infection in neurological patients admitted to Shunyi District Hospital of Beijing from October 2015 to September 2018 was retrospectively analyzed. The monthly patient admissions and nosocomial infection during a year were compared. The influencing factors that might cause seasonal differences of nosocomial infections were compared and analyzed. Results In 11 922 patients, 225 cases of nosocomial infection occurred within 117 229 days of total hospitalization. The incidence rate of nosocomial infection was 1.89%, and the daily rate of nosocomial infection was 1.92‰. February, March and November were the periods of high incidence of nosocomial infection, mainly respiratory infections. The average hospitalization days and the proportion of cerebral hemorrhage in patients with high incidence of nosocomial infection were higher than those in other months, with statistically significant difference(P<0.05). Conclusion Early winter and early spring are the periods of high incidence of nosocomial infection in neurology patients in Beijing. The prevention, control and surveillance of nosocomial infection should be strengthened during the periods.
引文
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[15] 张宝梅,王兰桂,马丽萍,等.视频宣教对神经内科住院患者肺部感染的预防效果研究[J].中华医院感染学杂志,2017,27(17):4056-4059.
[2] Furuyakanamori L,Mckenzie SJ,Yakob L,et al.Clostridium difficile infection seasonality:patterns across hemispheres and continents-a systematic review[J].PLoS One,2015,10(3):e0120730.
[3] 国家卫生计生委.国卫办医函[2016]936号《国家卫生计生委办公厅关于印发三级综合医院医疗服务能力指南(2016年版)的通知》.
[4] 任南,文细毛,吴安华.2014年全国医院感染横断面调查报告[J] 中国感染控制杂志,2016,15(2):83-87.
[5] 李璐,索继江,高岩,等.2014-2017年某三级甲等综合医院医院感染现患率的变化趋势分析[J].中华医院感染学杂志,2018,28(08):1170-1174.
[6] 谭莉,谭昆,熊薇,等.风险评估在医院感染管理中的应用研究[J].中华医院感染学杂志,2017,27(18):4235-4237.
[7] 吴安华,文细毛,李春辉,等.2012年全国医院感染现患率与横断面抗菌药物使用率调查报告[J].中国感染控制杂志,2014,13(1):8-15.
[8] 李领,王丹心,陈恒.热带地区某医院各季度医院感染发病情况初步分析[J].中国热带医学,2018,18(4):395-397.
[9] 张磊,方旭.对应分析在探讨多重耐药菌季节分布中的应用[J].中国消毒学杂志,2018,35(06):428-431.
[10] 刘方遥,孙峰,陈玉,等.2011-2015年北京市海淀区流感监测结果分析[J].国际病毒学杂志,2016,23( 3 ):207-211.
[11] 许晶芳,陈慧,梁雪红,等.急性脑梗死住院患者医院感染的相关因素分析与干预[J].中华医院感染学杂志,2017,27(15):3453-3455.
[12] 蔺素英,刘锦峰.神经内科重症监护患者医院感染的相关危险因素及防治策略[J].中国基层医药,2016,23(8):1200-1203.
[13] Mi H,Li S,Li H,et al.The effects of infection on severe stroke patients in the neurological intensive care unit in China[J].Int J Neurosci,2018,128(8):715-720.
[14] Li H Y,Li S J,Yang N,et al.Evaluation of nosocomial infection risk using APACHE Ⅱ scores in the neurological intensive care unit[J].J Clin Neuro Sci,2014,21(8):1409-1412.
[15] 张宝梅,王兰桂,马丽萍,等.视频宣教对神经内科住院患者肺部感染的预防效果研究[J].中华医院感染学杂志,2017,27(17):4056-4059.