基于RANS的suboff尾迹特征数值预报
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摘要
本文基于雷诺时均N-S方程(RANS),结合k-ε湍流模型及VOF(Volume of Fluid)方法,对在均匀流体及强分层流体中运动的suboff模型粘性流场及尾迹特征进行数值预报。首先,对均匀流体中suboff粘性流场进行数值试验,并通过网格无关性验证及suboff水动力性能、艇体压力分布等计算结果与试验结果的对比验证了本文数值方法的有效性与可靠性。其次,实现了强分层流体中运动suboff内波尾迹的数值预报。通过对比2种工况下suboff尾迹特征的空间分部及细节流场,分析了内波对suboff尾迹的影响方式。
By solving the unsteady RANS(Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes) equations in combination with the k-ε turbulence model and VOF method, the viscous flow as well as the hydrodynamic wakes of the suboff model while moving in both homogeneous and stratified fluid is simulated. At the first stage, homogeneous fluid case(case A) are designed as benchmark test case. The predicted wake field, surface pressure distribution and the hydrodynamic forces acting on the hull agree well with the corresponding experimental data, implying the capability of the present method in the prediction of the hydrodynamic wakes of the suboff model. The stratified fluid case(case B) are then carried out to study the internal wave of the suboff model. The difference of the wake fields of both cases are analyzed to investigate the importance of the internal wave to the characteristic of the submarine wakes.
By solving the unsteady RANS(Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes) equations in combination with the k-ε turbulence model and VOF method, the viscous flow as well as the hydrodynamic wakes of the suboff model while moving in both homogeneous and stratified fluid is simulated. At the first stage, homogeneous fluid case(case A) are designed as benchmark test case. The predicted wake field, surface pressure distribution and the hydrodynamic forces acting on the hull agree well with the corresponding experimental data, implying the capability of the present method in the prediction of the hydrodynamic wakes of the suboff model. The stratified fluid case(case B) are then carried out to study the internal wave of the suboff model. The difference of the wake fields of both cases are analyzed to investigate the importance of the internal wave to the characteristic of the submarine wakes.
引文
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[2]KOWALEWSKI J A.The resonant interaction of a submarine′s wake with a stratified fluid[J].Naval Postgraduate School Monterey ca,1993.
[3]BONNETON P,CHOMAZ J M,HOPFINGER E J.Internal waves produced by the turbulent wake of a sphere moving horizontally in a stratified fluid[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1993,254:23-40.
[4]CHEN C Y,HSU J R C,CHENG M H,et al.An investigation on internal solitary waves in a two-layer fluid:propagation and reflection from steep slopes[J].Ocean Engineering,2007,34(1):171-184.
[5]ROBEY H F.The generation of internal waves by a towed sphere and its wake in a thermocline[J].Physics of Fluids,1997,9(11):3353-3367.
[6]GILREATH H E,BRANDT A.Experiments on the generation of internal waves in a stratified fluid[J].AIAA Journal,1985,23:693-700.
[7]HANAZAKI H.On the three-dimensional internal waves excited by topography in the flow of a stratified fluid[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1994,263:293-318.
[8]CHASE N,CARRICA P M.Submarine propeller computations and application to self-propulsion of DARPA suboff[J].Ocean Engineering,2013,60:68-80.
[9]FUREBY C,ANDERSON B,CLARKE D,et al.Experimental and numerical study of a generic conventional submarine at10°yaw[J].Ocean Engineering,2016,116:1-20.
[10]SHARIATI S K,MOUSAVIZADEGAN S H.The effect of appendages on the hydrodynamic characteristics of an underwater vehicle near the free surface[J].Applied Ocean Research,2017,67:31-43.
[11]SCHOOLEY A H,STEWART R W.Experiments with a selfpropelled submaerged body in a fluid with a vertical density gradiant[J].Fluid Mech.,1962,51:83-99.
[12]魏岗,吴宁,徐小辉,等.线性密度分层流体中半球体运动生成内波的实验研究[J].物理学报,2011,60(4):359-365.
[13]姚志崇,赵峰,梁川,等.分层流体中拖曳球体尾流及辐射内波试验研究[J].船舶力学,2014,18(11):1275-1283.
[14]PARK J Y,KIM N,SHIN Y K.Experimental study on hydrodynamic coefficients for high-incidence-angle maneuver of a submarine[J].International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering,2017,9(1):100-113.
[15]李刚,段文洋.复杂构型潜器水动力特性的试验研究[J].船舶力学,2011,15(1):58-65.
[16]RODDY R F.Investigation of the stability and control characteristics of several configurations of the DARPASUBOFF model(DTRC Model 5470)from captive-model experiments[C]//David Taylor Research Center Bethesda MDShip Hydromechanics Dept,1990.
[17]GROVES N C,HUANG T T,CHANG M S.Geometric characteristics of DARPA suboff models:(DTRC Model Nos.5470 and 5471)[C]//David Taylor Research Center,1989.
[18]MACKAY M,DEFENCE R.The standard submarine model:a survey of static hydrodynamic experiments and semi-empirical predictions[C]//Defence R&D Canada-Atlantic,2003.
[19]HEIDARI M R.The effects of cross section variations on the pressure distribution around a long axisymmetric body[J].Aerospace Science and Technology,2016,52:256-268.
[20]MALAZI M T,OLCAY A B.Investigation of a longfin inshore squid’s swimming characteristics and an underwater locomotion during acceleration[J].Applied Ocean Research,2016,55:76-88.
[21]YAO H,ZHANG H,LIU H,et al.Numerical study of flowexcited noise of a submarine with full appendages considering fluid structure interaction using the boundary element method[J].Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements,2017,77:1-9.
[22]BANAZADEH A,SEIF M S,KHODAEI M J,et al.Identification of the equivalent linear dynamics and controller design for an unmanned underwater vehicle[J].Ocean Engineering,2017,139:152-168.
[23]DUBBIOSO G,BROGLIA R,ZAGHI S.CFD analysis of turning abilities of a submarine model[J].Ocean Engineering,2017,129:459-479.
[24]PAN Y,ZHOU Q,ZHANG H.Numerical simulation of rotating arm test for prediction of submarine rotary derivatives[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics,Ser.B,2015,27(1):68-75.
[25]ZAGHI S,DI MASCIO A,BROGLIA R,et al.Application of dynamic overlapping grids to the simulation of the flow around a fully-appended submarine[J].Mathematics and Computers in Simulation,2015,116:75-88.
[26]WESSEL W R.A numerical study of the collapse of a perturbation in an infinite density-stratified fluids.1968,Argonne National Lab,TR169.
[27]YOUN J A,HIRT C W.Numerical calculation of internal wave motions[J].Fluid Mech,1972,56(2):265-276.
[28]DAVID F,MICHAEL G,WENDY O,et al.Numerical simulation of late wakes in stratified and sheared flows[J].Proceedings of the 2003 User Group Conference,IEEE,2003(6):206-210.
[29]SARAKINOS SOTIRIOS S,LYGIDAKIS GEORGIOS N,NIKOLOS IOANNIS K.Assessment of the academic CFDcode GALATEA-I with the DARPA suboff test case[C]//Proceedings of the ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition,November 13-19,2015,Houston,Texas.
[30]ABDILGHANIE A M,DIAMESSIS P J.The internal gravity wave field emitted by a stably stratified turbulent wake[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,2013,720:104-139.