微波辐射用于处理和开采岩石的研究进展
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摘要
微波辐射具有加热速度快、选择性加热、体积式加热、易于控制、高效、安全等特点。针对目前岩石破碎高成本高能耗、煤层气和油页岩无法高效开发等缺点,详细介绍和评述了微波辐射在处理和开采岩石中的应用。分析表明,微波辐射可以在岩石内部诱导产生热应力,进一步产生和延伸岩石内部的裂缝,从而达到预处理岩石和煤岩的作用;微波对煤岩有脱硫的作用;微波还可以加热煤层气和油页岩,帮助煤层气解析和油页岩的热解,从而对两种非常规油气资源进行原位开采。总结认为,精确描述不同岩石的介电特性、优化微波辐射的功率和时间、建立计算机数值模型并考虑化学反应的影响、研发大规模微波发生器下入井下是今后的发展方向。
Microwave irradiation has the characteristics of fast heating rate,selective heating,volumetric heating and high efficiency and security. According to the shortcomings of high cost and high energy consumption of rock processing,sulfur formation during the combustion of coal and exploitation with low efficiency for coal bed methane( CBM) and oil shale,the applications of microwave irradiation technology for the treatment and exploitation of rocks were described and discussed in details. The analysis shows that rock mechanical strengthen decreases and coal grindability increases as a consequence of the cracking and growth of micro fractures in samples,which result from thermal stress. Moreover,microwave irradiation can effectively remove sulfur from coal. At last,microwave is desirable for increasing the gas release rate from coal seams and the pyrolysis of oil shale because of heating,which demonstrate its potential for in-situ exploitation of CBM and oil shale. Conclusions have been drawn that precise description of dielectric properties for different minerals,the optimal of microwave power and irradiation time,taking into account for chemical reaction in the numerical model,design for high power microwave generator in bottomhole are the directions of development in the future.
Microwave irradiation has the characteristics of fast heating rate,selective heating,volumetric heating and high efficiency and security. According to the shortcomings of high cost and high energy consumption of rock processing,sulfur formation during the combustion of coal and exploitation with low efficiency for coal bed methane( CBM) and oil shale,the applications of microwave irradiation technology for the treatment and exploitation of rocks were described and discussed in details. The analysis shows that rock mechanical strengthen decreases and coal grindability increases as a consequence of the cracking and growth of micro fractures in samples,which result from thermal stress. Moreover,microwave irradiation can effectively remove sulfur from coal. At last,microwave is desirable for increasing the gas release rate from coal seams and the pyrolysis of oil shale because of heating,which demonstrate its potential for in-situ exploitation of CBM and oil shale. Conclusions have been drawn that precise description of dielectric properties for different minerals,the optimal of microwave power and irradiation time,taking into account for chemical reaction in the numerical model,design for high power microwave generator in bottomhole are the directions of development in the future.
引文
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2 郭晨,秦勇,卢玲玲.黔西红梅井田煤层气有序开发的水文地质条件[J].地球科学进展,2015,30(4):456-464Guo Chen,Qin Yong,Lu Lingling. Hydrogeological conditions of orderly coalbed methane development in Hongmei Well Field[J]. Advances in Earth Science,2015,30(4):456-464
3 Ranganayaki R P. Formation resistivity variation due to steam flooding:A log study[J]. Geophysics,1992,57(3):488-494
4 魏起华,陈孝云,温建华,等.微波加热在活性炭制备及改性中应用研究进展[J].科学技术与工程,2008,8(23):6296-6301Wei Qihua,Chen Xiaoyun,Wen Jianhua,et al. Application of microwave heating in preparing and modifying activated carbons[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2008,8(23):6296-6301
5 Depew M C,Lem S,Wan J K S. Microwve inducdd catalytic decomposition of some alberta oil sands and bitumens[J]. Research on Chemical Intermediates,1991,16(3):213-223
6 Kingman S W. Recent developments in microwave processing of minerals[J]. Metallurgical Reviews,2006,51(1):1-12
7 商丽艳,李萍,赵杉林,等.微波辐射柴油氧化脱硫实验研究[J].科学技术与工程,2006,6(13):1901-1903Shang Liyan,Li Ping,Zhao Shanlin,et al. Study on process for desulfurization from diesel oil using microwave irradiation[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2006,6(13):1901-1903
8 Kingman S W,Rowson N A. Microwave treatment of minerals—A review[J]. Minerals Engineering,1998,11(11):1081-1087
9 牟群英,李贤军.微波加热技术的应用与研究进展[J].物理,2004,33(6):438-442Mou Qunying,Li Xianjun. Application of microwave heating technology[J]. Physics,2004,33(6):438-442
10 Greff J,Babadagli T. Use of nano-metal particles as catalyst under electromagnetic heating for in-situ heavy oil recovery[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science&Engineering,2013,112(3):258-265
11 Bjorndalen N,Islam M R. The effect of microwave and ultrasonic irradiation on crude oil during production with a horizontal well[J].Journal of Petroleum Science&Engineering,2004,43(3):139-150
12 Bientinesi M,Petarca L,Cerutti A,et al. A radiofrequency/microwave heating method for thermal heavy oil recovery based on a novel tight-shell conceptual design[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science&Engineering,2013,107(4):18-30
13 Monti T,Tselev A,Udoudo O,et al. High-resolution dielectric characterization of minerals:A step towards understanding the basic interactions between microwaves and rocks[J]. International Journal of Mineral Processing,2016,151(1):8-21
14 李元辉,卢高明,冯夏庭,等.微波加热路径对硬岩破碎效果影响试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2017,36(6):1460-1468Li Yuanhui,Lu Gaoming,Feng Xiating,et al. The influence of heating path on the effect of hard rock fragmentation using microwave assisted method[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2017,36(6):1460-1468
15 Kingman S W,Vorster W,Rowson N A. The influence of mineralogy on microwave assisted grinding[J]. Minerals Engineering,2000,13(3):313-327
16 Kingman S W,Vorster W,Rowson N A. The effect of microwave radiation on the processing of Palabora copper ore[J]. The Journal of South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy,2000,100(3):197-204
17 Hartlieb P,Toifl M,Kuchar F,et al. Thermo-physical properties of selected hard rocks and their relation to microwave-assisted comminution[J]. Minerals Engineering,2016,91(S1):34-41
18 Hassani F,Nekoovaght P M,Gharib N. The influence of microwave irradiation on rocks for microwaveassisted underground excavation[J]. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,2016,8(1):1-15
19 Lu G M,Li Y H,Hassani F,et al. The influence of microwave irradiation on thermal properties of main rock-forming minerals[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2017,112(1):1523-1532
20 戴俊,孟振,吴丙权.微波照射对岩石强度的影响研究[J].有色金属(选矿部分),2014,3(1):54-57Dai Jun,Meng Zhen,Wu Bingquan. Study on impact of rock strength by microwave irradiation[J]. Nonferrous Metals(Mineral Processing Section),2014,3(1):54-57
21 戴俊,师百垒,杨凡,等.微波照射下岩石损伤CT试验研究[J].西安科技大学学报,2016,36(5):616-620Dai Jun,Shi Bailei,Yang Fan,et al. CT test of rock damage under the microwave irradiation[J]. Journal of Xi'an University of Science and Technology,2016,36(5):616-620
22 Jones D A,Kingman S W,Whittles D N,et al. Understanding microwave assisted breakage[J]. Minerals Engineering,2005,18(7):659-669
23 Jones D A,Kingman S W,Whittles D N,et al. The influence of microwave energy delivery method on strength reduction in ore samples[J]. Chemical Engineering&Processing Process Intensification,2007,46(4):291-299
24 Meisels R,Toifl M,Hartlieb P,et al. Microwave propagation and absorption and its thermo-mechanical consequences in heterogeneous rocks[J]. International Journal of Mineral Processing,2015,135(3):40-51
25 孟振.微波照射下岩石损伤演化的数值模拟研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2014Meng Zhen. Numerical simulation research on damage of rock strength caused by microwave irradiation[D]. Xi'an:Xi'an University of Science and Technology,2014
26 Toifl M,Meisels R,Hartlieb P,et al. 3D numerical study on microwave induced stresses in inhomogeneous hard rocks[J]. Minerals Engineering,2016,90(S1):29-42
27 杨兆中,齐双瑜,李小刚,等.电磁加热技术在石化能源中的应用进展[J].世界科技研究与发展,2017,39(2):159-163Yang Zhaozhong,Qi Shuangyu,Li Xiaogang,et al. Application of electromagnetic heating technology in petrochemical energy[J].World Sci-Tech R&D,2017,39(2):159-163
28 Lester E,Kingman S. The effect of microwave pre-heating on five different coals[J]. Fuel,2004,83(14-15):1941-1947
29 Lester E,Kingman S,Dodds C. Increased coal grindability as a result of microwave pretreatment at economic energy inputs[J]. Fuel,2005,84(4):423-427
30 Samanli S. A comparison of the results obtained from grinding in a stirred media mill lignite coal samples treated with microwave and untreated samples[J]. Fuel,2011,90(2):659-664
31 Sahoo B K,De S,Meikap B C. Improvement of grinding characteristics of Indian coal by microwave pre-treatment[J]. Fuel Processing Technology,2011,92(10):1920-1928
32 姚艳斌,刘大锰,蔡益栋,等.基于NMR和X-CT的煤的孔裂隙精细定量表征[J].中国科学:地球科学,2010,40(11):1598-1607Yao Yanbin,Liu Dameng,Cai Yidong,et al. Advanced characteristic of pores and fractures in coals by nuclear magnetic resonance and X-ray computed tomography[J]. Scientia Sinica(Terrae),2010,40(11):1598-1607
33 Mathews J P,Pone J. High-resolution X-ray computed tomography observations of the thermal drying of lump-sized subbituminous coal[J]. Fuel Processing Technology,2011,92(1):58-64
34 严东,周敏.煤炭微波脱硫技术研究现状与发展[J].煤炭科学技术,2012,40(7):125-128Yan Dong,Zhou Min. Study status and development on coal microwave desulfurization technology[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2012,40(7):125-128
35 Jorjani E,Rezai B,Vossoughi M,et al. Desulfurization of Tabas coal with microwave irradiation/peroxyacetic acid washing at 25,55and 85℃[J]. Fuel,2004,83(7):943-949
36 Mketo N,Nomngongo P N,Ngila J C. Evaluation of different microwave-assisted dilute acid extracting reagents on simultaneous coal desulphurization and demineralization[J]. Fuel,2016,163(1):189-195
37 谢茂华,陶秀祥,许宁.煤炭微波脱硫前后硫形态的变化规律[J].煤炭转化,2015,38(2):79-82Xie Maohua,Tao Xiuxiang,Xu Ning. Changes of sulfur forms in coal before and after microwave desulfurization[J]. Coal Conversion,2015,38(2):79-82
38 Ma X,Zhang M,Min F,et al. Fundamental study on removal of organic sulfur from coal by microwave irradiation[J]. International Journal of Mineral Processing,2015,139(1):31-35
39 曹新鑫,柳菲,高艳芳,等.煤中硫的赋存状态及成因[J].安徽化工,2008,34(2):1-3Cao Xinxin,Liu Fei,Gao Yanfang,et al. Technological advance in ethylene pyrolysis furnace[J]. Anhui Chemical Industry,2008,34(2):1-3
40 Ma F Y,Wang Y Q,Li H T,et al. Staged coalbed methane desorption and the contribution of rach stage to productivity[J]. Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils,2014,50(4):344-353
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