基于冗余分析的伊犁新垦绿洲不同农田土壤盐渍化特征研究
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摘要
【目的】通过冗余分析充分挖掘伊犁河谷流域新垦绿洲不同农田的土壤pH、全盐量、可溶性盐离子含量变化以及各要素之间的相关性,为该区合理灌溉、农业可持续发展提供科学支撑。【方法】以伊犁河谷流域新垦绿洲不同农田土壤为研究对象,运用传统统计学和冗余分析相结合的方法。【结果】①不同农田类型中,除小麦属于轻度盐渍化外,其余农田均属中度盐渍化,碱化程度均为中度碱化;可溶性盐离子中均值含量最高阴离子为SO■,阳离子为K~++Na~+;②从冗余分析结果得知前两轴解释了该区80%以上的土壤盐渍化信息,能清楚的表明土壤盐渍化指标与可溶性盐离子之间的关系,从整体来看不同农田全盐量与SO■相关性比较强,除苜蓿(Clover)外其余农田均与Ca~(2+)相关性强,阴离子与阳离子分别对pH、碱化度在一定程度上有影响。【结论】不同农田类型中可溶性盐离子含量均与盐渍化指标表现出一定的关联性,与传统统计学方法相比,冗余分析能直观表达影响盐渍化指标主要因素,同时为分析盐渍化信息提供新的有效方法。
【Objective】Through redundancy analysis, the change of the soil pH, total salt content and soluble salt ion content and the correlation between the elements of different farmland in the new agricultural land reclamation oasis in Yili River Valley were fully excavated, which provided scientific support for reasonable irrigation and agricultural sustainable development in this area.【Method】Taking the different farmland soils of the new agricultural land reclamation oasis in Yili River Valley as the research object, the method of combining traditional statistics and redundancy analysis was used.【Result】(i)Among the different farmland types, except for the slight salinization in the wheat field, the rest of farmland is moderate salinization, and the degree of alkalization is moderate. The highest mean content of soluble salt ions is SO■, and cationic is K~++Na~+.From the results of redundancy analysis, it is found that the first two coordinate axis explain more than 80 % of the soil salinization information in the area, clearly indicating the relationship between soil salinization index and soluble salt ions.(ii)From the whole perspective, the soil salinity of different farmland is relatively correlated with SO■. The rest of the farmland except for Medicago sativa has strong correlation with Ca~(2+), and the anion and cation have influence on pH and exchangeable sodium percentage.【Conclusion】It is concluded that the content of soluble salt ions in different farmland types has a certain correlation with the salinization index. Compared with traditional statistical methods, redundant analysis can directly express the main factors affecting salinization indicators, and provide a new and effective method for analyzing salinization information.
【Objective】Through redundancy analysis, the change of the soil pH, total salt content and soluble salt ion content and the correlation between the elements of different farmland in the new agricultural land reclamation oasis in Yili River Valley were fully excavated, which provided scientific support for reasonable irrigation and agricultural sustainable development in this area.【Method】Taking the different farmland soils of the new agricultural land reclamation oasis in Yili River Valley as the research object, the method of combining traditional statistics and redundancy analysis was used.【Result】(i)Among the different farmland types, except for the slight salinization in the wheat field, the rest of farmland is moderate salinization, and the degree of alkalization is moderate. The highest mean content of soluble salt ions is SO■, and cationic is K~++Na~+.From the results of redundancy analysis, it is found that the first two coordinate axis explain more than 80 % of the soil salinization information in the area, clearly indicating the relationship between soil salinization index and soluble salt ions.(ii)From the whole perspective, the soil salinity of different farmland is relatively correlated with SO■. The rest of the farmland except for Medicago sativa has strong correlation with Ca~(2+), and the anion and cation have influence on pH and exchangeable sodium percentage.【Conclusion】It is concluded that the content of soluble salt ions in different farmland types has a certain correlation with the salinization index. Compared with traditional statistical methods, redundant analysis can directly express the main factors affecting salinization indicators, and provide a new and effective method for analyzing salinization information.
引文
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[10]宋玉,塔西甫拉提·特依拜,吴雪梅,等.于田绿洲不同季节表层土壤盐渍化程度的空间变异特征[J].干旱地区农业研究,2014,32(6):171-175+214.
[11]吴雪梅,塔西甫拉提·特依拜,姜红涛,等.基于CCA方法的于田绿洲土壤盐分特征研究[J].中国沙漠,2014,34(6):1568-1575.
[12]冉启洋,贡璐,韩丽,等.塔里木河上游绿洲土壤表层盐分特征[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(4):1098-1103.
[13]姜凌,李佩成,胡安焱,等.干旱区绿洲土壤盐渍化分析评价[J].干旱区地理,2009,32(2):234-239.
[14]袁玉芸,瓦哈甫·哈力克,关靖云,等.基于GWR模型的于田绿洲土壤表层盐分空间分异及其影响因子[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(10):3273-3282.
[15]马鹏. 新疆伊犁河谷新垦区土壤理化特征分析[D].福州:福建师范大学,2011.
[16]刘迁迁,苏里坦,刘广明,等.伊犁察南灌区土壤盐分时空变异特征与运移机理研究[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(12):221-228.
[17]刘迁迁,苏里坦,刘广明,等.新疆伊犁察南灌区土壤盐分特征[J]土壤,2017,49(5):1001-1006.
[18]麦麦提吐尔逊·艾则孜,海米提·依米提,艾尼瓦尔·买买提,等.天山西部伊犁河流域土壤盐分特征[J].环境科学研究,2010,23(6):774-782.
[19]许尔琪,张红旗,许咏梅.伊犁新垦区土壤盐分垂直分异特征研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2013,27(7):71-77.
[20]刘芳,张红旗.伊犁新垦区土地利用和地形对表层土壤养分变异性的影响[J].资源科学,2012,34(4):758-768.
[21]刘育红,魏卫东,杨元武,等.高寒草甸退化草地植被与土壤因子关系冗余分析[J].西北农业学报,2018,27(4):480-490.
[22]魏卫东,刘育红,马辉,等.基于冗余分析的高寒草原土壤与草地退化关系[J].草业科学,2018,35(3):472-481.
[23]于文婧,孙丹峰,曲葳.基于冗余分析的宁夏平罗耕地土壤盐渍化特征研究[J].中国农业大学学报,2015,20(5):103-110.
[24]韩湘云,景元书,李根.低丘红壤坡面土壤水分变化的气象因素冗余分析[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(9):2368-2374.
[25]NielsenD R,Bouma J.Soil Spataial Variability[M].Wageningen:PUDOC,1985:2-30.
[26]王遵亲.中国盐渍土[M].北京:科学出版社,1993.
[27]中国科学院综合考察队.新疆农业[M].北京:科学出版社,1964.
[2]Patel R M, Prasher S O,Bonnell R B,et al.Development of comprehensive soil salinity index[J].Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineer-ASCE,2002,128(3):185-188.
[3]Judkins G,Myint S.Spatial variation of soil salinity in the Mexicali Valley.Mexico:Applicatio of a practical method for agricultural monitoring[J].Environmental Management,2012,50(3):478-489.
[4]Redman C L.Human impacts on ancient.environments[M].Tucson:University of Arizona Press,1999.
[5]王勇辉,叶波,海米提·依米提.精河下游河岸带土壤盐分特征及相关性分析[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(25):12471-12472.
[6]朱兴运,毛玉林,付华.种植碱茅对河西盐渍土壤盐离子组成的影响[J].草业科学,1994,5(11):61-63.
[7]古丽格娜·哈力木拉提,海米提·依米提,阿布都沙拉木·加拉力,等.于田绿洲盐渍化土壤盐分动态变化特征分析[J].新疆农业科学,2008,45(3):541-546.
[8]韩致文,缑倩倩,屈建军,等.秦王川灌区农田土壤盐分离子特征分析[J].土壤,2014,46(1):100-106.
[9]张前兵,艾尼娃尔·艾合买提,于磊,等.绿洲区不同灌溉方式及灌溉量对苜蓿田土壤盐分运移的影响[J].草业学报,2014,23(6):69-77.
[10]宋玉,塔西甫拉提·特依拜,吴雪梅,等.于田绿洲不同季节表层土壤盐渍化程度的空间变异特征[J].干旱地区农业研究,2014,32(6):171-175+214.
[11]吴雪梅,塔西甫拉提·特依拜,姜红涛,等.基于CCA方法的于田绿洲土壤盐分特征研究[J].中国沙漠,2014,34(6):1568-1575.
[12]冉启洋,贡璐,韩丽,等.塔里木河上游绿洲土壤表层盐分特征[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(4):1098-1103.
[13]姜凌,李佩成,胡安焱,等.干旱区绿洲土壤盐渍化分析评价[J].干旱区地理,2009,32(2):234-239.
[14]袁玉芸,瓦哈甫·哈力克,关靖云,等.基于GWR模型的于田绿洲土壤表层盐分空间分异及其影响因子[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(10):3273-3282.
[15]马鹏. 新疆伊犁河谷新垦区土壤理化特征分析[D].福州:福建师范大学,2011.
[16]刘迁迁,苏里坦,刘广明,等.伊犁察南灌区土壤盐分时空变异特征与运移机理研究[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(12):221-228.
[17]刘迁迁,苏里坦,刘广明,等.新疆伊犁察南灌区土壤盐分特征[J]土壤,2017,49(5):1001-1006.
[18]麦麦提吐尔逊·艾则孜,海米提·依米提,艾尼瓦尔·买买提,等.天山西部伊犁河流域土壤盐分特征[J].环境科学研究,2010,23(6):774-782.
[19]许尔琪,张红旗,许咏梅.伊犁新垦区土壤盐分垂直分异特征研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2013,27(7):71-77.
[20]刘芳,张红旗.伊犁新垦区土地利用和地形对表层土壤养分变异性的影响[J].资源科学,2012,34(4):758-768.
[21]刘育红,魏卫东,杨元武,等.高寒草甸退化草地植被与土壤因子关系冗余分析[J].西北农业学报,2018,27(4):480-490.
[22]魏卫东,刘育红,马辉,等.基于冗余分析的高寒草原土壤与草地退化关系[J].草业科学,2018,35(3):472-481.
[23]于文婧,孙丹峰,曲葳.基于冗余分析的宁夏平罗耕地土壤盐渍化特征研究[J].中国农业大学学报,2015,20(5):103-110.
[24]韩湘云,景元书,李根.低丘红壤坡面土壤水分变化的气象因素冗余分析[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(9):2368-2374.
[25]NielsenD R,Bouma J.Soil Spataial Variability[M].Wageningen:PUDOC,1985:2-30.
[26]王遵亲.中国盐渍土[M].北京:科学出版社,1993.
[27]中国科学院综合考察队.新疆农业[M].北京:科学出版社,1964.