中温煅烧分离回收钒冶炼废渣硫酸铵与硫酸钠
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摘要
以攀枝花炼钢厂沉钒废渣(提取钒后冶炼废渣)为原料,采用预处理、中温煅烧和回收硫酸钠硫酸铵处理工艺,探讨原料水分及颗粒大小、煅烧温度、煅烧时间以及搅拌次数等对硫酸钠和硫酸铵混合结晶物产品纯度及有效回收率的影响.通过正交试验,确定了比较理想的分离回收工艺条件为:干燥温度120℃,干燥时间1 h,干燥后原料中水分可由18.9%降至5.0%;煅烧温度为400℃,煅烧时间3 h,搅拌3次.分离所得硫酸钠和硫酸铵的纯度分别可达到90.56%和94.41%,有效回收率分别为91.31%和21.51%.通过此方法分离产物硫酸铵与硫酸钠可用作生产原料,实现固废资源化,避免环境污染.
Taking the precipitated vanadium waste residue,which is smelting slag after extracting vanadium from Panzhihua Steel,as raw materials,and by using the techniques of pretreatment,medium temperature calcination and recovery of sodium sulfate ammonium sulfate,we explore the effects of material moisture content,particle size,calcination temperature,calcination time and stirring number on product purity as well as the recovery efficiency of mixed crystals of sodium sulfate and ammonium sulfate. The ideal separation recycling process conditions is obtained by orthogonal test. The optimal drying process parameters are drying temperature of 120 ℃,drying time of 1 h,by which the moisture in the raw material could reduce from 18. 9% to 5%. The optimal calcination process parameters include calcination temperature of 400 ℃,calcination time of 3 h,stir of 3 times. Finally,the purity of segregatesodium sulfate and segregate ammonium sulfate could reach 90. 56% and 94. 41%,respectively; and their recovery efficiency is 91. 31% and 21. 51%,respectively. The segregate sodium sulfate and segregate ammonium sulfate produced with this method can be used as raw materials directly. This process can not only achieve solid waste recycling,but also avoid environmental pollution.
Taking the precipitated vanadium waste residue,which is smelting slag after extracting vanadium from Panzhihua Steel,as raw materials,and by using the techniques of pretreatment,medium temperature calcination and recovery of sodium sulfate ammonium sulfate,we explore the effects of material moisture content,particle size,calcination temperature,calcination time and stirring number on product purity as well as the recovery efficiency of mixed crystals of sodium sulfate and ammonium sulfate. The ideal separation recycling process conditions is obtained by orthogonal test. The optimal drying process parameters are drying temperature of 120 ℃,drying time of 1 h,by which the moisture in the raw material could reduce from 18. 9% to 5%. The optimal calcination process parameters include calcination temperature of 400 ℃,calcination time of 3 h,stir of 3 times. Finally,the purity of segregatesodium sulfate and segregate ammonium sulfate could reach 90. 56% and 94. 41%,respectively; and their recovery efficiency is 91. 31% and 21. 51%,respectively. The segregate sodium sulfate and segregate ammonium sulfate produced with this method can be used as raw materials directly. This process can not only achieve solid waste recycling,but also avoid environmental pollution.
引文
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[4]陈露露.我国钒钛磁铁矿资源利用现状[J].中国资源综合利用,2015(10):31-33.Chen Lulu.Current situation of vanadium-titanium magnatite resource utilization[J].Chinese Journal of Comprehensive Utilization of Resources,2015(10):31-33.(in Chinese)
[5]方立才.某含钒废渣生产五氧化二钒废水的处理研究[J].广州化工,2011(18):112-114.Fang Licai.Study on treating wastewater containing V2O5produced from vanadium-bearing waste slag[J].Guangzhou Chemical Industry,2011(18):112-114.(in Chinese)
[6]房景燕.含钒废渣生产五氧化二钒的沉钒废水的处理研究[J].四川环境,2009(6):54-57.Fang Jingyan.Study on treating waste water of V2O5extraction from vanadium-bearing waste slag[J].Sichuan Environment,2009(6):54-57.(in Chinese)
[7]杨智宽.从工业废水中回收硫酸钠和硫酸铵[J].再生资源研究,1998(6):26-28.Yang Zhikuan.Recovery of sodium sulfate and ammonium sulfate from industrial waste water[J].Renewable Resources Research,1998(6):26-28.(in Chinese)
[8]蒲年文,韩庆.提钒尾液回收硫酸钠、硫酸铵的研究[J].有色矿冶,2011,27(5):18-20.Pu Nianwen,Han Qing.Recovery of sodium sulfate and ammonium sulfate from vanadium extraction waste solution[J].Non-ferrous Mining and Metallurgy,2011,27(5):18-20.(in Chinese)
[9]蔡晋强,龚加齐,郑越,等.硫酸铵焙烧法从石煤钒矿中提取钒和铝的试研究[J].稀有金属下硬质合金,2013,41(4):1-4.Cai Jinqiang,Gong Jiaqi,Zheng Yue,et al.Study of vanadium and aluminum extraction from vanadiumcontatining carbonaceous shale by(NH4)2SO4roasting process[J].Reare Metals and Cemented Carbides,2013,41(4):1-4.(in Chinese)
[10]有色金属提取冶金手册编辑委员会.稀有高熔点金属(下)[M].北京:冶金工业出版,2002:309.Editorial board of metallurgical manual for non-ferrous metal extraction.Rare high-melting-point metal(partⅡ)[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2002:309.(in Chinese)
[11]Kim E.Recycling of a secondary lead smelting matte by selective citrate leaching of valuable metals and simultaneous recovery of hematite as a secondary resource[J].Hydrometallurgy,2017,169:290-296.
[12]Ke Y.Sulfidation of heavy-metal-containing neutralization sludge using zinc leaching residue as the sulfur source for metal recovery and stabilization[J].Minerals Engineering,2014,61:105-112.