SRB-沸石联合技术对土壤铅的固定效果
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摘要
为解决土壤重金属铅污染问题,采用铅污染土壤模拟受控实验,探究3种化学固定剂(沸石、硅藻土和有机改良膨润土)和2种不同特性的微生物制剂(硫酸盐还原菌(sulfate-reducing bacteria,SRB)和有效微生物群(effective microorganisms,EM)菌),在单独作用条件下对土壤重金属铅的固定效果.结果显示,分别单独施加沸石或有机改良膨润土,可有效固定土壤重金属铅,最佳固定效率分别为61. 1%和21. 6%,而硅藻土对土壤中铅的固定效果不明显; SRB对土壤铅具有一定的固定作用,而EM菌对土壤中的铅起到活化作用.探究了最佳单一固定剂沸石与具有固定效果的SRB通过组配对土壤铅的固定效果,结果表明,沸石和SRB组配能显著降低土壤中铅的活性,其固定效率可达到70. 14%.沸石和SRB结合应用,有望成为土壤中重金属铅治理的新方法.
In order to solve heavy metal lead pollution problem in soil,we investigate the effects of three chemical fixatives(zeolite,diatomite,organic modified bentonite) and two microbial preparations(sulfate-reducing bacteria(SRB),effective microorganisms(EM)) with different characteristics on the immobilization of lead in soil. The results show that the zeolite or organic modified bentonite could effectively immobilize lead in soil,and their optimal fixation efficiencies are 61. 1% and 21. 6%,respectively. However,the effect of diatomite on lead fixation in soil is not obvious. SRB could immobilize lead in soil,and EM bacteria plays important role in the activation of lead in soil. Moreover,the immobilization effect on lead in soil are also investigated in this study by combining zeolite,which is the best single passivator,and SRB with immobilization. The results show that the combination of zeolite and SRB could significantly reduce the activity of lead in soil,and the fixation efficiency could reach 70. 14%. It is thus expected that the application of the combination of zeolite and SRB may be a new method for the treatment of heavy metal lead in soil.
In order to solve heavy metal lead pollution problem in soil,we investigate the effects of three chemical fixatives(zeolite,diatomite,organic modified bentonite) and two microbial preparations(sulfate-reducing bacteria(SRB),effective microorganisms(EM)) with different characteristics on the immobilization of lead in soil. The results show that the zeolite or organic modified bentonite could effectively immobilize lead in soil,and their optimal fixation efficiencies are 61. 1% and 21. 6%,respectively. However,the effect of diatomite on lead fixation in soil is not obvious. SRB could immobilize lead in soil,and EM bacteria plays important role in the activation of lead in soil. Moreover,the immobilization effect on lead in soil are also investigated in this study by combining zeolite,which is the best single passivator,and SRB with immobilization. The results show that the combination of zeolite and SRB could significantly reduce the activity of lead in soil,and the fixation efficiency could reach 70. 14%. It is thus expected that the application of the combination of zeolite and SRB may be a new method for the treatment of heavy metal lead in soil.
引文
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[8]黎大荣.铅镉复合污染土壤的化学钝化修复研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2014.LI Darong.The research on immobilization remediation of lead and cadmium contaminated soil[D].Nanning:Guangxi University,2014.(in Chinese)
[9]吴烈善,曾东梅,莫小荣,等.不同钝化剂对重金属污染土壤稳定化效应的研究[J].环境科学,2015,36(1):309-313.WU Lieshan,ZENG Dongmei,MO Xiaorong,et al.Immobilization impact of different fixatives on heavy metals contaminated soil[J].Environmental Science,2015,36(1):309-313.(in Chinese)
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[11]杨媛媛,黎建强,陈奇伯,等.滇中高原常绿阔叶林土壤生物学特性对土壤理化性质的影响[J].生态环境学报,2016,25(3):393-401.YANG Yuanyuan,LI Jianqiang,CHEN Qibo,et al.Effects of soil biological characteristics on physiochemical properties in evergreen broad-leaved forest in middle Yunnan plateau[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2016,25(3):393-401.(in Chinese)
[12]于法展,尤海梅,李保杰,等.徐州市不同功能城区绿地土壤的理化性质分析[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(3):85-88.YU Fazhan,YOU Haimei,LI Baojie,et al.Analysis of physicochemistry properties of greenbelt-soil different city zones in Xuzhou city[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(3):85-88.(in Chinese)
[13]陈璐,文方,程艳,等.铅锌尾矿中重金属形态分布与毒性浸出特征研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(3):89-94.CHEN Lu,WEN Fang,CHENG Yan,et al.Characteristics of speciation distribution and toxicity leaching of heavy metals in Pb-Zn tailings[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2017,31(3):89-94.(in Chinese)
[14]高焕方,曹园城,何炉杰,等.Tessier法和BCR法对比磷酸二氢钠处置含铅污染土壤形态分析[J].环境工程学报,2017,11(10):5751-5756.GAO Huanfang,CAO Yuancheng,HE Lujie,et al.Speciation analysis of leadcontaminated soil treated with sodium dihydrogen phosphate using Tessier and BCR[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2017,11(10):5751-5756.(in Chinese)
[15]PAYNE R B,GENTRY D M,RAPP-GILES B J,et al.Uranium reduction by desulfovibrio desulfuricans strain G20 and a cytochrome c3 mutant.[J].Applied&Environmental Microbiology,2002,68(6):3129-3132.
[16]韩剑宏,刘派,倪文,等.厌氧颗粒污泥处理含铅废水的机理探讨[J].硅酸盐通报,2014,33(7):1798-1801.HAN Jianhong,LIU Pai,NI Wen,et al.Mechanism of treating lead waste water by anaerobic granular sludge[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2014,33(7):1798-1801.(in Chinese)
[17]熊素玉,姚新奎,谭小海,等.不同温度及p H条件对乳酸菌生长影响的研究[J].新疆农业科学,2006,43(6):533-538.XIONG Suyu,YAO Xinkui,TAN Xiaohai,et al.Effects of different temperatures and p H on the growth of lactic acid bacteria[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,2006,43(6):533-538.(in Chinese)
[18]熊海燕,李莹.不同果汁发酵液中酵母菌生长曲线的测定及p H值的变化[J].农产品加工学刊,2009(4):26-27.XIONG Haiyan,LI Ying.Measurement of yeast growth curve and p H values in different fermented fruit juices[J].Academic Periodical of Farm Products Processing,2009(4):26-27.(in Chinese)
[19]康宏宇,林健,张乃明,等.不同钝化材料对重金属污染土壤的钝化效果研究[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(35):176-180.KANG Hongyu,LIN Jian,ZHANG Naiming,et al.Passivation effect of different passive materials on heavy metal polluted soil[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2015,31(35):176-180.(in Chinese)
[20]李华,时伟宇,吴弢.外源沸石对铅污染菜园土修复作用研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(6):2067-2070.LI Hua,SHI Weiyu,WU Tao.Effect of the addition of natural zeolite on remediation of lead polluted garden soil[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2007,26(6):2067-2070.(in Chinese)
[21]郭小锋,王三反.沸石去除废水中铅离子的研究[J].广东化工,2011,38(4):164-165.GUO Xiaofeng,WANG Sanfan.Study on removing lead ion(Ⅱ)from wastewater by zeolite[J].Guangdong Chemical Industry,2011,38(4):164-165.(in Chinese)
[22]OLIVEIRA L C,PETKOWICZ D I,SMANIOTTO A,et al.Magnetic zeolites:a new adsorbent for removal of metallic contaminants from water[J].Water Research,2004,38(17):3699-3704.
[23]QUEROL X,ALASTUEY A,MORENO N,et al.Immobilization of heavy metals in polluted soils by the addition of zeolitic material synthesized from coal fly ash[J].Chemosphere,2006,62(2):171-180.
[24]林惠荣.水稻土壤重金属和硫分子形态转化的功能微生物作用机制[D].杭州:浙江大学,2010.LIN Huirong.Microbe mediated molecular speciation and transfoemation of sulfur and heavy metals in paddy soil[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2010.(in Chinese)
[2]SINGH O V,LABANA S,PANDEY G,et al.Phytoremediation:an overview of metallic ion decontamination from soil[J].Applied Microbiol Biotechnol,2003,61(5/6):405-412.
[3]向捷,陈永华,向敏,等.土壤重金属污染修复技术比较研究[J].安徽农业科学,2014,42(22):7367-7369.XIANG Jie,CHEN Yonghua,XIANG Min,et al.Comparative study on soil heavy metal pollution remediation technology[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2014,42(22):7367-7369.(in Chinese)
[4]刘少文,焦如珍,董玉红,等.土壤重金属污染的生物修复研究进展[J].林业科学,2017,53(5):146-155.LIU Shaowen,JIAO Ruzhen,DONG Yuhong,et al.Research progress in bioremediation of heavy-metal contaminated soil[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2017,53(5):146-155.(in Chinese)
[5]MASLENNIKOV P V,CHUPAKHINA G N,SKRYPNIKL N,et al.The contribution of polyphenols to plant resistance to Pb soil pollution[J].International Journal of Environmental Studies,2018(2):1-13.
[6]郑超一,胡妙申.在儿童生长发育中铅的危害与锌的作用[J].广东微量元素科学,2001,8(10):10-13.ZHENG Chaoyi,HU Miaoshen.The harm of Lead and the role of Zinc in children's growth and development[J].Guangdong Trace Elements Science,2001,8(10):10-13.(in Chinese)
[7]李倩.镉锌污染土壤化学固定:土壤生物质改良耦合修复效应及生态安全评价[D].长沙:中南大学,2012.LI Qian.Stabilization remediation of Cd and Zn in soils by using chemicals coupling with organic matter and ecological security assessment[D].Changsha:Central South University,2012.(in Chinese)
[8]黎大荣.铅镉复合污染土壤的化学钝化修复研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2014.LI Darong.The research on immobilization remediation of lead and cadmium contaminated soil[D].Nanning:Guangxi University,2014.(in Chinese)
[9]吴烈善,曾东梅,莫小荣,等.不同钝化剂对重金属污染土壤稳定化效应的研究[J].环境科学,2015,36(1):309-313.WU Lieshan,ZENG Dongmei,MO Xiaorong,et al.Immobilization impact of different fixatives on heavy metals contaminated soil[J].Environmental Science,2015,36(1):309-313.(in Chinese)
[10]苏德纯,张福锁.粉煤灰钝化污泥对土壤理化性质及玉米重金属累积的影响[J].中国环境科学,1997,17(4):321-325.SU Dechun,ZHANG Fusuo.Effects of application of sewage sludge stabilized by coal fly ash on soil physicochemical properties and heavy metal accumulation in corn[J].China Environmental Science,1997,17(4):321-325.(in Chinese)
[11]杨媛媛,黎建强,陈奇伯,等.滇中高原常绿阔叶林土壤生物学特性对土壤理化性质的影响[J].生态环境学报,2016,25(3):393-401.YANG Yuanyuan,LI Jianqiang,CHEN Qibo,et al.Effects of soil biological characteristics on physiochemical properties in evergreen broad-leaved forest in middle Yunnan plateau[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2016,25(3):393-401.(in Chinese)
[12]于法展,尤海梅,李保杰,等.徐州市不同功能城区绿地土壤的理化性质分析[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(3):85-88.YU Fazhan,YOU Haimei,LI Baojie,et al.Analysis of physicochemistry properties of greenbelt-soil different city zones in Xuzhou city[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(3):85-88.(in Chinese)
[13]陈璐,文方,程艳,等.铅锌尾矿中重金属形态分布与毒性浸出特征研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(3):89-94.CHEN Lu,WEN Fang,CHENG Yan,et al.Characteristics of speciation distribution and toxicity leaching of heavy metals in Pb-Zn tailings[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2017,31(3):89-94.(in Chinese)
[14]高焕方,曹园城,何炉杰,等.Tessier法和BCR法对比磷酸二氢钠处置含铅污染土壤形态分析[J].环境工程学报,2017,11(10):5751-5756.GAO Huanfang,CAO Yuancheng,HE Lujie,et al.Speciation analysis of leadcontaminated soil treated with sodium dihydrogen phosphate using Tessier and BCR[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2017,11(10):5751-5756.(in Chinese)
[15]PAYNE R B,GENTRY D M,RAPP-GILES B J,et al.Uranium reduction by desulfovibrio desulfuricans strain G20 and a cytochrome c3 mutant.[J].Applied&Environmental Microbiology,2002,68(6):3129-3132.
[16]韩剑宏,刘派,倪文,等.厌氧颗粒污泥处理含铅废水的机理探讨[J].硅酸盐通报,2014,33(7):1798-1801.HAN Jianhong,LIU Pai,NI Wen,et al.Mechanism of treating lead waste water by anaerobic granular sludge[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2014,33(7):1798-1801.(in Chinese)
[17]熊素玉,姚新奎,谭小海,等.不同温度及p H条件对乳酸菌生长影响的研究[J].新疆农业科学,2006,43(6):533-538.XIONG Suyu,YAO Xinkui,TAN Xiaohai,et al.Effects of different temperatures and p H on the growth of lactic acid bacteria[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,2006,43(6):533-538.(in Chinese)
[18]熊海燕,李莹.不同果汁发酵液中酵母菌生长曲线的测定及p H值的变化[J].农产品加工学刊,2009(4):26-27.XIONG Haiyan,LI Ying.Measurement of yeast growth curve and p H values in different fermented fruit juices[J].Academic Periodical of Farm Products Processing,2009(4):26-27.(in Chinese)
[19]康宏宇,林健,张乃明,等.不同钝化材料对重金属污染土壤的钝化效果研究[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(35):176-180.KANG Hongyu,LIN Jian,ZHANG Naiming,et al.Passivation effect of different passive materials on heavy metal polluted soil[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2015,31(35):176-180.(in Chinese)
[20]李华,时伟宇,吴弢.外源沸石对铅污染菜园土修复作用研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(6):2067-2070.LI Hua,SHI Weiyu,WU Tao.Effect of the addition of natural zeolite on remediation of lead polluted garden soil[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2007,26(6):2067-2070.(in Chinese)
[21]郭小锋,王三反.沸石去除废水中铅离子的研究[J].广东化工,2011,38(4):164-165.GUO Xiaofeng,WANG Sanfan.Study on removing lead ion(Ⅱ)from wastewater by zeolite[J].Guangdong Chemical Industry,2011,38(4):164-165.(in Chinese)
[22]OLIVEIRA L C,PETKOWICZ D I,SMANIOTTO A,et al.Magnetic zeolites:a new adsorbent for removal of metallic contaminants from water[J].Water Research,2004,38(17):3699-3704.
[23]QUEROL X,ALASTUEY A,MORENO N,et al.Immobilization of heavy metals in polluted soils by the addition of zeolitic material synthesized from coal fly ash[J].Chemosphere,2006,62(2):171-180.
[24]林惠荣.水稻土壤重金属和硫分子形态转化的功能微生物作用机制[D].杭州:浙江大学,2010.LIN Huirong.Microbe mediated molecular speciation and transfoemation of sulfur and heavy metals in paddy soil[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2010.(in Chinese)