基于D-最优混料设计的长焰煤浮选药剂的优化
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摘要
随着优质无烟煤资源的逐渐枯竭,国内外学者广泛的采用储量较为丰富的低阶煤制取超净煤,但采用常规浮选药剂浮选超细颗粒低阶煤时药耗大,分选性差。为了改善超细颗粒低阶煤浮选效果,以神东超细颗粒长焰煤为研究对象,选取非离子型表面活性剂(曲拉通X-100、司盘-80)和常规捕收剂煤油为原料制备新型复合浮选药剂,采用D-最优混料设计的试验方法,建立了复配药剂不同配比与浮选精煤灰分和产率之间的回归模型;通过因子作用分析和响应分析,研究了曲拉通X-100、司盘-80和煤油配比对浮选精煤灰分和产率的影响规律,并探讨了复配药剂中的因子作用与交互作用;通过优化试验,获得了复配药剂的最佳配比。结果表明:浮选精煤灰分和产率不仅受曲拉通X-100(A)、司盘-80(B)、煤油(C)复配药剂单因子的影响,还受复配药剂因子间交互作用的影响;在药剂配比中B或C因子所占比例较大时,会对精煤灰分和产率产生显著的影响,复配药剂因子作用对浮选精煤灰分和产率影响的大小为:B>C>A; A与B,B与C之间存在显著的交互作用,复配药剂因子间交互作用对精煤灰分和产率影响的大小为:BC>AB>AC;复配捕收剂的最佳配比为:曲拉通X-100体积分数0. 7%、司盘-80体积分数1%和煤油体积分数98. 3%;在最佳配比条件下通过浮选试验可以得到灰分为1. 54%、产率为56. 04%的超净煤;在相同试验条件下与常规捕收剂相比,该复配捕收剂具有降低药耗、提高精煤产率和降低灰分的特点,具有较好的浮选效果。
With the gradual depletion of high-quality anthracite resources,the low-rank coals with abundant reserve are proposed to produce ultra-clean coal by scholars at home and abroad.However,when using conventional flotation agents to float ultra-fine particles,the agent consumption is high and the separation is poor.In order to improve the flotation effect of ultrafine particles of low-rank coal,the Shendong long-flame coal with ultrafine particle was investigated in this study.The nonionic surfactants( Triton X-100,Span-80) and conventional collector( kerosene) were used as raw materials for the preparation of new compound flotation agent.The regression models between the ratios of compounding agents and ash and yield of flotation concentrate were established by D-optimal mixing design test.The effect of different ratios of Triton X-100,Span-80 and kerosene on the ash and yield of flotation concentrate were studied and the effect and interaction of factors in compounding agents were discussed by factor analysis and response analysis.By optimizing the test,the optimal ratio of the compounding agent was obtained. The results show that the ash content and yield of flotation concentrate are not only affected by the single factor of the compounding agents of Triton X-100( A),Span-80( B) and kerosene( C),but also by the interaction between the compounding agents.When the proportion of B or C is high,it will have a significant impact on the ash content and yield of flotation concentrate.The effect of the compounding agent on the ash content and yield of flotation concentrate are: B>C>A.There are significant interactions between A and B,B and C,the specific effect of the interaction between the compounding agents on the ash content and yield of flotation concentrate are: BC>AB>AC.The best formula for the compound collector was determined to be as follows: 0.7% of Triton X-100,1% of Span-80 and 98.3% of kerosene.The ultra-clean coal with 1.54% of ash content and 56.04% of yield can be obtained in the flotation experiments under the optimal formulation conditions.Compared with the conventional collectors under the same test conditions,the compound collector which had a better flotation effect had the advantages of reducing the agent consumption,improving the yield and reducing the ash of flotation concentrate.
With the gradual depletion of high-quality anthracite resources,the low-rank coals with abundant reserve are proposed to produce ultra-clean coal by scholars at home and abroad.However,when using conventional flotation agents to float ultra-fine particles,the agent consumption is high and the separation is poor.In order to improve the flotation effect of ultrafine particles of low-rank coal,the Shendong long-flame coal with ultrafine particle was investigated in this study.The nonionic surfactants( Triton X-100,Span-80) and conventional collector( kerosene) were used as raw materials for the preparation of new compound flotation agent.The regression models between the ratios of compounding agents and ash and yield of flotation concentrate were established by D-optimal mixing design test.The effect of different ratios of Triton X-100,Span-80 and kerosene on the ash and yield of flotation concentrate were studied and the effect and interaction of factors in compounding agents were discussed by factor analysis and response analysis.By optimizing the test,the optimal ratio of the compounding agent was obtained. The results show that the ash content and yield of flotation concentrate are not only affected by the single factor of the compounding agents of Triton X-100( A),Span-80( B) and kerosene( C),but also by the interaction between the compounding agents.When the proportion of B or C is high,it will have a significant impact on the ash content and yield of flotation concentrate.The effect of the compounding agent on the ash content and yield of flotation concentrate are: B>C>A.There are significant interactions between A and B,B and C,the specific effect of the interaction between the compounding agents on the ash content and yield of flotation concentrate are: BC>AB>AC.The best formula for the compound collector was determined to be as follows: 0.7% of Triton X-100,1% of Span-80 and 98.3% of kerosene.The ultra-clean coal with 1.54% of ash content and 56.04% of yield can be obtained in the flotation experiments under the optimal formulation conditions.Compared with the conventional collectors under the same test conditions,the compound collector which had a better flotation effect had the advantages of reducing the agent consumption,improving the yield and reducing the ash of flotation concentrate.
引文
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[9] SEN R,SRIVASTAVA S K,MOHAN M.Aerial oxidation of coal-analytical methods,instrumental techniques and test methods:A survey[J]. Indian Journal of Chemical Technology,2009,16(2):377-379.
[10]马克玉,宋书宇,樊民强.表面活性剂SPAN80对煤泥浮选促进作用的研究[J].选煤技术,2011(4):8-11.MA Keyu,SONG Shuyu,FAN Minqiang.Experimental study on promoting effect of nonionic surfactant span80 in coal slurry flotation[J].Coal Preparation Technology,2011(4):8-11.
[11]李琳,刘炯天,王运来,等.阴-非离子表面活性剂微乳捕收剂的制备及应用[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(11):2315-2320.LI Lin,LIU Jiongtian,WANG Yunlai,et al. Preparation and application of anionic-nonionic surfactant microemulsified collector[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(11):2315-2320.
[12]沈亮,王怀法.动力煤反浮选试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(S2):464-470.SHEN Liang,WANG Huaifa.Experimental study on reverse flotation of steam coal[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(S2):464-470.
[13]徐海宏,李满.表面活性剂对煤浮选的促进作用分析[J].煤炭技术,2001,20(1):27-28.XU Haihong,LI Man.Promotion action analysis on surfactant to coal floatation[J].Coal Technology,2001,20(1):27-28.
[14]黄波,门东坡,刘飞飞,等.新型煤泥浮选促进剂的制备及作用机理[J].洁净煤技术,2011,17(2):3-7.HUANG Bo,MENG Dongpo,LIU Feifei,et al. Preparation and mechanism of new promoters for coal slurry flotation[J].Clean Coal Technology,2011,17(2):3-7.
[15]吉登高,蔡阳辉,彭素琴,等.提高煤泥浮选捕收剂性能的试验研究[J].洁净煤技术,2012,18(2):6-9.JI Denggao,CAI Yanghui,PENG Suqin,et al. Experimental research on improvement of coal flotation collectors[J]. Clean Coal Technology,2012,18(2):6-9.
[16]徐向宏,何明珠.试验设计与Design-Expert、SPSS应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2010:146-160.
[17] DJURIS J,VASILJEVIC D,JOKIC S,et al.Application of D-optimal experimental design method to optimize the formulation of O/W cosmetic emulsions[J]. International Journal of Cosmetic Science,2014,36(1):79-87.
[18] HOLM R,JENSEN I H,SONNERGAARD J.Optimization of selfmicroemul sifying drug delivery systems(SMEDDS)using a D-optimal design and the desirability function[J].Drug Development&Industrial Pharmacy,2006,32(9):1025.
[19]黄光建,徐学锋,郭梅君,等.D-最优混料设计在豉香型白酒香醅优化中的应用[J].华南农业大学学报,2013,34(3):427-430.HUANG Guangjian,XU Xuefeng,GUO Meijun,et al.Application of D-optimal mixture design in the flavoring fermented grains optimization of soybean-flavor liquor[J]. Journal of South China Agricultural University,2013,34(3):427-430.
[20] OMAR S M,ABDALLA F I,ABDELGAWAD N M.Preparation and optimization of fast-disintegrating tablet containing naratriptan hydrochloride using D-optimal mixture design[J]. AAPS PharmSciTech,2018,19(6):2754-2754.
[21] KONG W Y,SALIM N,MASOUMI H R F,et al.Optimization of hydrocortisone-loaded nanoemulsion formulation using D-optimal mixture design[J]. Asian Journal of Chemistry,2018,30(4):853-858.
[22]付自国,乔登攀,郭忠林,等.基于RSM-BBD的废石-风砂胶结体配合比与强度试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2018,43(3):694-703.FU Ziguo,QIAO Dengpan,GUO Zhonglin,et al. Experimental research on mix proportioning and strength of cemented hydraulic fill with waste rock and eolian sand based on RSM-BBD[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2018,43(3):694-703.
[23]郭梦熊,余强.新型煤泥浮选促进剂的研究[J].煤炭学报,1989(1):101-112.GUO Mengxiong,YU Qiang. Study of new promoters for fine coal floatation[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1989(1):101-112.
[24]许晨涛,程宏志,石焕.月桂酸二乙醇酰胺对长焰煤浮选促进作用的研究[J].选煤技术,2018(1):28-31.XU Chentao,CHENG Hongzhi,SHI Huan. Study on the promoting effect of Diglycolamide Laurate in flotation of long-flame coal[J].Coal Preparation Technology,2018(1):28-31.
[25] YAKUP Cebeci.The investigation of the floatability improvement of Yoz ga t Ayrldam lignite using various collectors[J]. Fuel,2002,81(3):281-289.
[26]王纪镇,印万忠,刘明宝,等.浮选组合药剂协同效应定量研究[J].金属矿山,2013,42(5):62-66.WANG Jizhen,YIN Wanzhong,LIU Mingbao,et al.Quantitative research of synergistic effects of combined flotation reagents[J].Metal Mine,2013,42(5):62-66.
[27]张学铭,何北海,李军荣.水性油墨废纸浮选过程气泡特性的研究[J].中国造纸,2009,28(6):9-12.ZHANG Xueming,HE Beihai,LI Junrong.Study on bubble characteristics in flexo-printed newspaper flotation deinking[J]. China Pulp&Pape,2009,28(6):9-12.
[28]侯诗宇,马力强,黄根,等.不同密度细粒煤泥对粗粒煤泥浮选的影响机理[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(7):1813-1819.HOU Shiyu,MA Liqiang,HUANG Gen,et al. Mechanism of the effect of fine coal with different densities on coarse coal flotation[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(7):1813-1819.
[29]于跃先,马力强,张仲玲,等.煤泥浮选过程中的细泥夹带与罩盖机理[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(3):652-658.YU Yuexian,MA Liqiang,ZHANG Zhongling,et al. Mechanism of entrainment and slime coating on coal flotation[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(3):652-658.
[2]高淑玲,刘炯天.低阶煤表面改性制备超净煤初探[J].煤炭技术,2004,23(9):68-70.GAO Shuling,LIU Jiongtian. Primary search on making low rank coal to super pure coal by surface modification[J]. Coal Technology,2004,23(9):68-70.
[3]周晓华,刘炯天,赵朝勋,等.超纯煤制备工艺研究现状及发展[J].煤炭技术,2003,22(9):104-105.ZHOU Xiaohua,LIU Jiongtian,ZHAO Chaoxun,et al. Research and development of super pure coal preparation[J]. Coal Technology,2003,22(9):104-105.
[4]杨巧文,武立俊,支献华,等.选择性聚团法制备超净煤的机理研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2003,32(6):655-658.YANG Qiaowen,WU Lijun,ZHI Xianhua,et al. Research on principle of preparation of ultra-clean coal with selective oil agglomeration[J]. Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2003,32(6):655-658.
[5]王婕,付晓恒,赵静,等.超细粉碎对煤表面性质及超净煤分选的影响[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(6):1524-1532.WANG Jie,FU Xiaoheng,ZHAO Jing,et al.Effect of ultra-fine grinding on coal surface properties and ultra-clean coal separation[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(6):1524-1532.
[6]畅志兵,初茉,张超,等.酸洗脱矿对油页岩热解失重特性及动力学的影响[J].矿业科学学报,2018,12(3):86-94.CHANG Zhibing,CHU Mo,ZHANG Chao,et al.Effect of demineralization on pyrolysis characteristics and kinetics of two Chinese oil shales[J].Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2018,12(3):86-94.
[7] ZHOU F,YAN C,WANG H,et al.The result of surfactants on froth flotation of unburned carbon from coal fly ash[J]. Fuel,2016,190(3):182-188.
[8]肖劲,王炳杰,李发闯,等.酸碱法制备超纯煤[J].煤炭技术,2016,35(1):290-292.XIAO Jin,WANG Bingjie,LI Fachuang,et al. Preparation of ultra-clean coal by acid-alkali method[J]. Coal Technology,2016,35(1):290-292.
[9] SEN R,SRIVASTAVA S K,MOHAN M.Aerial oxidation of coal-analytical methods,instrumental techniques and test methods:A survey[J]. Indian Journal of Chemical Technology,2009,16(2):377-379.
[10]马克玉,宋书宇,樊民强.表面活性剂SPAN80对煤泥浮选促进作用的研究[J].选煤技术,2011(4):8-11.MA Keyu,SONG Shuyu,FAN Minqiang.Experimental study on promoting effect of nonionic surfactant span80 in coal slurry flotation[J].Coal Preparation Technology,2011(4):8-11.
[11]李琳,刘炯天,王运来,等.阴-非离子表面活性剂微乳捕收剂的制备及应用[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(11):2315-2320.LI Lin,LIU Jiongtian,WANG Yunlai,et al. Preparation and application of anionic-nonionic surfactant microemulsified collector[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(11):2315-2320.
[12]沈亮,王怀法.动力煤反浮选试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(S2):464-470.SHEN Liang,WANG Huaifa.Experimental study on reverse flotation of steam coal[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(S2):464-470.
[13]徐海宏,李满.表面活性剂对煤浮选的促进作用分析[J].煤炭技术,2001,20(1):27-28.XU Haihong,LI Man.Promotion action analysis on surfactant to coal floatation[J].Coal Technology,2001,20(1):27-28.
[14]黄波,门东坡,刘飞飞,等.新型煤泥浮选促进剂的制备及作用机理[J].洁净煤技术,2011,17(2):3-7.HUANG Bo,MENG Dongpo,LIU Feifei,et al. Preparation and mechanism of new promoters for coal slurry flotation[J].Clean Coal Technology,2011,17(2):3-7.
[15]吉登高,蔡阳辉,彭素琴,等.提高煤泥浮选捕收剂性能的试验研究[J].洁净煤技术,2012,18(2):6-9.JI Denggao,CAI Yanghui,PENG Suqin,et al. Experimental research on improvement of coal flotation collectors[J]. Clean Coal Technology,2012,18(2):6-9.
[16]徐向宏,何明珠.试验设计与Design-Expert、SPSS应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2010:146-160.
[17] DJURIS J,VASILJEVIC D,JOKIC S,et al.Application of D-optimal experimental design method to optimize the formulation of O/W cosmetic emulsions[J]. International Journal of Cosmetic Science,2014,36(1):79-87.
[18] HOLM R,JENSEN I H,SONNERGAARD J.Optimization of selfmicroemul sifying drug delivery systems(SMEDDS)using a D-optimal design and the desirability function[J].Drug Development&Industrial Pharmacy,2006,32(9):1025.
[19]黄光建,徐学锋,郭梅君,等.D-最优混料设计在豉香型白酒香醅优化中的应用[J].华南农业大学学报,2013,34(3):427-430.HUANG Guangjian,XU Xuefeng,GUO Meijun,et al.Application of D-optimal mixture design in the flavoring fermented grains optimization of soybean-flavor liquor[J]. Journal of South China Agricultural University,2013,34(3):427-430.
[20] OMAR S M,ABDALLA F I,ABDELGAWAD N M.Preparation and optimization of fast-disintegrating tablet containing naratriptan hydrochloride using D-optimal mixture design[J]. AAPS PharmSciTech,2018,19(6):2754-2754.
[21] KONG W Y,SALIM N,MASOUMI H R F,et al.Optimization of hydrocortisone-loaded nanoemulsion formulation using D-optimal mixture design[J]. Asian Journal of Chemistry,2018,30(4):853-858.
[22]付自国,乔登攀,郭忠林,等.基于RSM-BBD的废石-风砂胶结体配合比与强度试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2018,43(3):694-703.FU Ziguo,QIAO Dengpan,GUO Zhonglin,et al. Experimental research on mix proportioning and strength of cemented hydraulic fill with waste rock and eolian sand based on RSM-BBD[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2018,43(3):694-703.
[23]郭梦熊,余强.新型煤泥浮选促进剂的研究[J].煤炭学报,1989(1):101-112.GUO Mengxiong,YU Qiang. Study of new promoters for fine coal floatation[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1989(1):101-112.
[24]许晨涛,程宏志,石焕.月桂酸二乙醇酰胺对长焰煤浮选促进作用的研究[J].选煤技术,2018(1):28-31.XU Chentao,CHENG Hongzhi,SHI Huan. Study on the promoting effect of Diglycolamide Laurate in flotation of long-flame coal[J].Coal Preparation Technology,2018(1):28-31.
[25] YAKUP Cebeci.The investigation of the floatability improvement of Yoz ga t Ayrldam lignite using various collectors[J]. Fuel,2002,81(3):281-289.
[26]王纪镇,印万忠,刘明宝,等.浮选组合药剂协同效应定量研究[J].金属矿山,2013,42(5):62-66.WANG Jizhen,YIN Wanzhong,LIU Mingbao,et al.Quantitative research of synergistic effects of combined flotation reagents[J].Metal Mine,2013,42(5):62-66.
[27]张学铭,何北海,李军荣.水性油墨废纸浮选过程气泡特性的研究[J].中国造纸,2009,28(6):9-12.ZHANG Xueming,HE Beihai,LI Junrong.Study on bubble characteristics in flexo-printed newspaper flotation deinking[J]. China Pulp&Pape,2009,28(6):9-12.
[28]侯诗宇,马力强,黄根,等.不同密度细粒煤泥对粗粒煤泥浮选的影响机理[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(7):1813-1819.HOU Shiyu,MA Liqiang,HUANG Gen,et al. Mechanism of the effect of fine coal with different densities on coarse coal flotation[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(7):1813-1819.
[29]于跃先,马力强,张仲玲,等.煤泥浮选过程中的细泥夹带与罩盖机理[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(3):652-658.YU Yuexian,MA Liqiang,ZHANG Zhongling,et al. Mechanism of entrainment and slime coating on coal flotation[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(3):652-658.