具有缺陷品的双渠道供应链库存优化策略
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摘要
为研究双渠道供应链库存优化问题,考虑由一个网络零售商和一个传统零售商构成的缺陷品双渠道供应链系统,允许不同渠道零售商之间采用横向转运策略协调库存水平,引入渠道间消费者购买转移,运用马尔科夫链来描述零售商的库存状态,建立以库存成本最小为目标的数学模型,并运用遗传算法进行求解。通过对允许转运和不允许转运2种方案的对比,得出在分销缺陷产品的双渠道供应链中,双渠道间采取转运策略可以降低最优库存量和总成本;随着购买转移概率的增加和产品缺陷率的增加,转运策略带来的系统绩效均不断降低。
In order to study the inventory optimization problem of dual-channel supply chain, a dual-channel supply chain system of defective goods consisting of an online retailer and a traditional retailer is considered. It allows different retailers to rebalance the inventory level by lateral transshipment strategy, introducing customers switching between channels, and using Markov chain to depict the retailer's inventory status. Finally, a minimum inventory cost model is established, which is solved by genetic algorithm. By comparing the two schemes of allowable transshipment and non-allowable transshipment, it is concluded that in the dual-channel supply chain of defective products, the inventory and total cost can be reduced by adopting transshipment strategy between two channels; and that with the increase of customers switching probability and product defect rate, the system performance induced by the transshipment strategy is decreased.
In order to study the inventory optimization problem of dual-channel supply chain, a dual-channel supply chain system of defective goods consisting of an online retailer and a traditional retailer is considered. It allows different retailers to rebalance the inventory level by lateral transshipment strategy, introducing customers switching between channels, and using Markov chain to depict the retailer's inventory status. Finally, a minimum inventory cost model is established, which is solved by genetic algorithm. By comparing the two schemes of allowable transshipment and non-allowable transshipment, it is concluded that in the dual-channel supply chain of defective products, the inventory and total cost can be reduced by adopting transshipment strategy between two channels; and that with the increase of customers switching probability and product defect rate, the system performance induced by the transshipment strategy is decreased.
引文
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[17]操雅琴,张翠华.考虑质量缺陷的混合系统热力学批量策略[J].系统科学学报,2016,24(01):103-106.CAO Yaqin,ZHANG Cuihua.Hybrid system thermodynamics batch strategy considering quality defects[J].Journal of Systems Science,2016,24(01):103-106.
[18]黄平.最优化理论与方法[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2009:189-199.
[2]MAHAR S,BRETTHAURE K M,VENKATARAMANAN MA.The value of virtual pooling in dual sales channel supply chains[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2009,192(2):561-575.
[3]GENG Q,MALLIK S.Inventory competition and allocation in a multi-channel distribution system[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2007,182(2):704-729.
[4]王玫.果蔬双渠道供应链库存控制研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2017.WANG Mei.Dual-supply chain inventory control of fruits and vegetable[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2017.
[5]李泽彪,王正成,潘旭伟.线上线下双渠道供应链的库存优化研究综述[J].浙江理工大学学报(社会科学版),2014,32(04):108-113.LI Zebiao,WANG Zhengcheng,PAN Xuwei.Research overview on inventory optimization in online-offline dual-channel supply chain[J].Journal of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(Social Science),2014,32(04):108-113.
[6]CHIANG W K,MONAHAN G E.Managing inventories in a two-echelon dual-channel supply chain[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2005,162(2):325-341.
[7]李怡娜,徐学军.双分销渠道下短生命周期产品供应链转运策略[J].计算机集成制造系统,2010,16(01):155-164.LI Yina,XU Xuejun.Supply chain transshipment strategy for short life-cycle product under dual-channel[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2010,16(01):155-164.
[8]陈良华,马小勇,刘颖.基于家电行业的双分销渠道下库存转运协调机制研究[J].东南大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2015,17(03):85-89.CHEN Lianghua,MA Xiaoyong,LIU Ying.Research on inventory transfer coordination mechanism under dual-distribution channels based on household appliance industry[J].Joumal of Southeast University(Philosophy and Social Science),2015,17(03):85-89.
[9]范丹丹,徐琪.基于马尔科夫链的双渠道供应链库存优化决策[J].工业工程,2014,17(02):85-91.FAN Dandan,XU Qi.Inventory optimization decision in dual channel supply chain based on markov chain[J].Industrial Engineering Journal,2014,17(02):85-91.
[10]赵秋红,朱少楠,李安楠.存在顾客购买转移的双分销渠道订货与库存转运策略[J].系统工程理论与实践,2014,34(06):1453-1461.ZHAO Qiuhong,ZHU Shaonan,LI Annan.Ordering and transshipment strategies of dual-distribution channels with customers switching[J].Systems Engineering-Theory&Practice,2014,34(06):1453-1461.
[11]LEE H,ROSENBLATT M.Optimal inspection and ordering policies for products with imperfect quality[J].A I I E Transactions,1985,17(3):284-289.
[12]ROSENBLATT M,LEE H.Economic production cycles with imperfect production processes[J].A I I E Transactions,1986,18(1):48-55.
[13]SALAMEH M K,JABER M Y.Economic production quantity model for items with imperfect quality[J].International Journal of Production Economics,2000,64(1-3):59-64.
[14]EROGLU A,OZDEMIR G.An economic order quantity model with defective items and shortages[J].International Journal of Production Economics,2007,106(2):544-549.
[15]HAYEK P,SALAMEH M.Production lot sizing with the reworking of imperfect quality items produced[J].Production Planning&Control,2001,12(6):584-590.
[16]赵光丽,胡劲松.具有缺陷产品的损失规避零售商的订货策略研究[J].物流科技,2013,36(09):18-22.ZHAO Guangli,HU Jinsong.Ordering decision research on loss-averse retailer to order defective product[J].Logistics SciTech,2013,36(09):18-22.
[17]操雅琴,张翠华.考虑质量缺陷的混合系统热力学批量策略[J].系统科学学报,2016,24(01):103-106.CAO Yaqin,ZHANG Cuihua.Hybrid system thermodynamics batch strategy considering quality defects[J].Journal of Systems Science,2016,24(01):103-106.
[18]黄平.最优化理论与方法[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2009:189-199.