基于无级变速器速比控制的插电式混合动力汽车再生制动控制策略
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摘要
为了能够在不影响驾驶制动意图的同时尽可能多地回收制动能量,首先在基于再生制动门限值所制定的理想再生制动力分配策略的基础上,考虑电机、电池及无级变速器(CVT)综合效率最优的目标要求,制定了基于综合效率最优的CVT速比控制策略;然后,根据制动过程中传动系统动态特性分析所得到的系统惯性矩与驾驶制动意图之间的关联规律,以提高再生制动功率为目标,采用离散穷举优化方法对CVT目标速比及制动力分配进行修正,从而提出了基于速比变化限制及电机协调控制的CVT速比优化控制策略。仿真结果表明,在不同的工况下,本文提出的再生制动控制策略能使车辆在制动过程中有效跟随驾驶员的制动意图,同时提高再生制动能量回收率,改善驾驶性能。
To recover the braking energy as much as possible without affecting the driving intention,an ideal braking force distribution strategy based on threshold value is proposed.First,considering the comprehensive optimal efficiency of the motor,battery and Continuously Variable Transmission(CVT),the CVT ratio control strategy is developed.Then,the relationship between the inertia torque and intention of driving brake is obtained based on dynamic characteristic analysis of the transmission system during braking process.Third,with the goal to increase the regenerative braking power,the target of CVT speed ratio and braking force distribution is modified using discrete exhaustive optimization algorithm in combining with the comprehensive efficiency of the optimal CVT ratio control strategy.Finally,a CVT optimal control strategy is proposed based on speed ratio limitation and motor coordinated control.Simulation results show that under different braking conditions,the regenerative braking control strategy enables the vehicle to follow the driver's intention effectively during braking,and increases the recovery ratio of braking energy and improves the driving performance.
To recover the braking energy as much as possible without affecting the driving intention,an ideal braking force distribution strategy based on threshold value is proposed.First,considering the comprehensive optimal efficiency of the motor,battery and Continuously Variable Transmission(CVT),the CVT ratio control strategy is developed.Then,the relationship between the inertia torque and intention of driving brake is obtained based on dynamic characteristic analysis of the transmission system during braking process.Third,with the goal to increase the regenerative braking power,the target of CVT speed ratio and braking force distribution is modified using discrete exhaustive optimization algorithm in combining with the comprehensive efficiency of the optimal CVT ratio control strategy.Finally,a CVT optimal control strategy is proposed based on speed ratio limitation and motor coordinated control.Simulation results show that under different braking conditions,the regenerative braking control strategy enables the vehicle to follow the driver's intention effectively during braking,and increases the recovery ratio of braking energy and improves the driving performance.
引文
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[2]Suntharalingam P,Economou J T,Knowles K.Effect on regenerative braking efficiency with deceleration demand and terrain condition[C]∥IET International Conference on Power Electronics,Machines and Drives,Brighton,UK,2010:1-6.
[3]Gao H,Gao Y,Ehsani M.A neural network based SRM drive control strategy for regenerative braking in EV and HEV[C]∥Electric Machines and Drives Conference,Cambridge,USA,2001:571-575.
[4]Yeo H,Hwang S,Kim H.Regenerative braking algorithm for a hybrid electric vehicle with CVT ratio control[J].Journal of Automobile Engineering,2006,220(11):1589-1600.
[5]Yeo H,Kim D,Hwang S,et al.Regenerative braking algorithm for a HEV with CVT ratio control during deceleration[J].British Journal of Cancer,2004,91(9):1718-1725.
[6]宋世欣,王庆年,王达.电动轮汽车再生制动系统控制策略[J].吉林大学学报:工学版,2015,45(2):341-346.Song Shi-xin,Wang Qing-nian,Wang Da.Control strategy for regenerative braking system of in-wheel motor vehicle[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition),2015,45(2):341-346.
[7]张俊智,陆欣,张鹏君,等.混合动力城市客车制动能量回收系统道路试验[J].机械工程学报,2009,45(2):25-30.Zhang Jun-zhi,Lu Xin,Zhang Peng-jun,et al.Road test of hybrid electric bus with regenerative braking[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2009,45(2):25-30.
[8]秦大同,谭强俊,杨阳,等.CVT混合动力汽车再生制动控制策略与仿真分析[J].汽车工程,2007,29(3):220-225.Qin Da-tong,Tan Qiang-jun,Yang Yang,et al.Simulation on regenerative braking control strategy for hybrid electric vehicle with CVT[J].Automotive Engineering,2007,29(3):220-225.
[9]邓涛,孙冬野,秦大同,等.CVT混合动力汽车再生制动系统仿真[J].机械工程学报,2009,45(9):214-220.Deng Tao,Sun Dong-ye,Qin Da-tong,et al.Regenerative braking simulation for hybrid electric vehicle with continuously variable transmission[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2009,45(9):214-220.
[10]Gao Y,Ehsani M.Electronic braking system of EV and HEV-integration of regenerative braking,automatic braking force control and ABS[C]∥SAE Paper,2001-01-2478.
[11]余志生.汽车理论[M].5版.机械工业出版社,2009.
[12]Yang Y,Zou J,Yang Y,et al.Design and simulation of pressure coordinated control system for hybrid vehicle regenerative braking system[J].Journal of Dynamic Systems Measurement&Control,2014,136(5):051019.
[13]郝允志,孙冬野,林毓培,等.CVT速比响应特性的实验研究及其应用[J].汽车工程,2014(7):879-884.Hao Yun-zhi,Sun Dong-ye,Lin Yu-pei,et al.An experimental study on CVT ratio response characteristics and its application[J].Automotive Engineering,2014(7):879-884.