奥巴马政府时期美国与印尼的军事安全合作
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摘要
近年来,美国与印尼在军事安全领域的合作取得了稳步的发展,具体表现为两国高层防务交流频繁、美国对印尼的军售规模明显扩大、双方合作领域不断拓宽、人员培训成果明显。但是,相比其他东南亚国家,印尼在发展对美军事合作问题上仍有所保留,这与印尼的整体战略设想、国内政治及对周边安全态势的总体判断有关。未来一段时间,美国与印尼的关系仍将保持发展势头,但不足以导致印尼改变"独立而积极"的外交方针。
Since the U.S.-Indonesia Comprehensive Partnership Agreement was signed by Obama and Yudhoyono in November 2010,U.S.-Indonesia military cooperation has continued to develop steadily and made much progress in various fields. Nevertheless,Indonesia prefers keeping a strategic low profile regarding such military cooperation and refrains from over-relying on any single military power. As a result,the depth of U.S.-Indonesia military cooperation should not be overstated. Furthermore,the deepening cooperation in military area cannot impel Indonesia to abandon its"free and active"foreign policy. This approach is developed in accordance with Indonesia's general strategic plan and overall assessments of its neighboring security situations.
Since the U.S.-Indonesia Comprehensive Partnership Agreement was signed by Obama and Yudhoyono in November 2010,U.S.-Indonesia military cooperation has continued to develop steadily and made much progress in various fields. Nevertheless,Indonesia prefers keeping a strategic low profile regarding such military cooperation and refrains from over-relying on any single military power. As a result,the depth of U.S.-Indonesia military cooperation should not be overstated. Furthermore,the deepening cooperation in military area cannot impel Indonesia to abandon its"free and active"foreign policy. This approach is developed in accordance with Indonesia's general strategic plan and overall assessments of its neighboring security situations.
引文
(2)美国与越南于2013年7月建立了全面伙伴关系;美国与马来西亚于2014年4月建立了全面伙伴关系。
(1)“Work,Indonesian Military Leader Discuss Regional Stability,”DoD News,Dec.16,2014,available at:http://www.defense.gov/News-Article-View/Article/603825,2015.10.2.
(2)Gen.Moeldoko and Gen.Vincent K.Brooks,“Commentary:Furthering Military Bonds in Southeast Asia,”Army Times,Dec.10,2014,available at:http://www.armytimes.com/story/opinion/2014/12/10/pacific-indonesia-partnership-army/19948221/,2015.10.7.
(3)Karen Parrish,“U.S,Indonesia Agree on F-16 Transfer,”DoD News,November 18,2011,available at:http://archive.defense.gov/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=66164,2015.10.2.
(1)Hiebert Murray,Ted Osius,and Gregory B.Poling,“A US-Indonesia Partnership for 2020,”Center for Strategic and International Studies,September 2013,p.11.
(2)“U.S.and Indonesia Strengthen Maritime Partnerships during CARAT 2015,”available at:http://www.pacom.mil/Media/News/tabid/5693/Article/611919/us-and-indonesia-strengthen-maritime-partnerships-during-carat-2015.aspx,2015.10.12.
(1)美国太平洋陆军于2014年开始实施“太平洋通道”计划,该计划准备于2015财年部署三条训练通道,而且此后每年都将部署三条。每条训练通道都是一系列站点,通过与所在国的双边定期军演实现军力前置。万一发生紧急情况,太平洋司令部司令可以动用这些部队(旅级单位)。参见:《美军“太平洋通道”计划披露:军力前置增兵备战》,《参考消息》2014年10月16日第14版。据笔者掌握的信息,今年第一条通道涉及的站点是泰国、韩国和菲律宾;第二条通道涉及澳大利亚、印尼和马来西亚;第三条通道不详。Seth Robson,“Army Expanding Pacific Pathways Exercises in 2015,”Stars and Stripes,December 8,2014,available at:http://www.stripes.com/news/army-expanding-pacific-pathways-exercises-in-2015-1.317999,2015.10.2.
(2)“U.S.,Indonesia Further Defense Cooperation,Sign Arrangement to Recover the Remains of American Personnel in Indonesia,”June 15,2015,available at:http://jakarta.usembassy.gov/news/pr_150615en.html,2015.10.3.
(3)Murray Hiebert,Ted Osius,and Gregory B.Poling,“A US-Indonesia Partnership for 2020,”Center for Strategic and International Studies,September 2013,p.10.
(4)Cheryl Pellerin,“Hagel Talks to Indonesian Soldiers About Education,Training,”DoD News,August 27,2013,available at:http://www.defense.gov/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=120677,2015.10.13.
(5)“International Military Education and Training Account Summary,”available at:http://www.state.gov/t/pm/ppa/sat/c14562.htm.
(1)“United States and Indonesia Further Defense Cooperation,Sign Arrangement to Recover the Remains of American Personnel in Indonesia,”June 15,2015,available at:http://jakarta.usembassy.gov/news/pr_150615en.html.
(2)Ann Marie Murphy,“US Rapprochement with Indonesia:From Problem State to Partner,”Contemporary Southeast Asia,Vol.32,No.3,2010,pp.372~373.
(3)美国学界对印尼的战略潜力及利用价值的关注很早就开始了,亨廷顿在其《文明的冲突与世界秩序的重建》一书中提到,印度尼西亚和越南是两个最倾向于用均势来平衡和遏制中国的国家。印度尼西亚是一个远离中国的穆斯林大国,但是没有其他国家的帮助,它不可能阻止中国控制南中国海的权利要求。参见:亨廷顿:《文明的冲突与世界秩序的重建》(周琪等译),北京·新华出版社,2002年版,第262页;华盛顿的智库“德美马歇尔基金”(German Marshall Fund of the United States)的丹尼尔·特文宁(Daniel Twining)认为,在美国的帮助下,印尼与越南有潜力和倾向实现经济、军事现代化,从而有效地制衡中国在东南亚的影响力。这两国的潜力要大于菲律宾和泰国。参见:Daniel Twining,“America’s Grand Design in Asia,”The Washington Quarterly,Vol.30,No.3(Summer 2007),p.84。
(4)李益波:《奥巴马政府对东南亚政策的调整及原因分析》,载《太平洋学报》,2010年1期。
(5)Thomas Donilon,“The United States and the Asia-Pacific in 2013,”March 11,2013,available at:http://asiasociety.org/new-york/complete-transcript-thomas-donilon-asia-society-new-york.
(1)“Sustaining U.S.Global Leadership:Priorities for 21st Century Defense,”January 2012,p.2,available at:http://www.defense.gov/news/Defense_Strategic_Guidance.pdf,2015.10.1.
(2)Amitav Achaya,Indonesia Matters:Asia’s Emerging Democratic Power(World Scientific Publishing Company,2014),p.90.
(3)根据斯德哥尔摩国际和平研究所(SIPRI)公布的数据,2010年之前,美国对印尼军售的总额仅4600万美元,远远落后于荷兰、韩国、俄罗斯及法国。尽管增速很快,在过去五年里,印尼进口武器的主要来源国是俄罗斯(67.6亿美元)、英国(54.1亿美元)、韩国(45.3亿美元)、美国(26.4亿美元)。未来五年里,印尼军费要从2014年的70亿美元提升到2020年的200亿美元,这对美国来说意味着印尼将是其巨大的军火市场,参见网页:http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/values.php+,2015.9.3。
(1)Joko Widodo,Remarks to the Ninth East Asia Summit,Naypyidaw,Myanmar,Nov.13,2014,available at:http://www.rappler.com/world/regions/asia-pacific/Indonesia/74928-pidato-jokowi-indonesia-poros-maritim-dunia,2015.9.33.
(2)“Moeldoko Wants Indonesian Military to Accept‘Big Brother’Role in ASEAN,”Antara news(印度尼西亚安塔拉通讯社---作者注),Dec.22,2014,available at:http://www.antaranews.com/en/news/96994/moeldoko-wants-indonesian-military-to-accept-big-brother-role-in-asean,2015.10.13.
(3)Aaron L.Connelly,“Sovereignty and the Sea:President Joko Widodo’s Foreign Policy Challenges,”Contemporary Southeast Asia,Vol.37,No.1,2015,p.15.
(4)Kanupriya Kapoor and Jonathan Thatcher,“Indonesia Military Worries over Asia Arms Race,Territorial Tensions,”Reuters,April 3,2014.
(5)“Indonesia’s Control Over Its Waters Still Weak:Minister,”Antara News,June 8,2014.
(6)Wahyudi Soeriaatmadja,“Indonesian ISIS Fighter Bahrun Naim Was Behind Jakarta Blasts:Jakarta Police Chief,”The Straits Times,January 14,2016,available at:http://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/explosions-heard-in-centre-of-indonesian-capital-witnesses,2016.1.16.
(1)[印尼]喀尔敏·苏哈尔那:《南海冲突和解决之道及其对印尼国防安全之影响》,载《南洋资料译丛》,2015年1期,第2页。
(2)Prashanth Parameswaran,“A New Indonesia Military Boost Near the South China Sea?”The Diplomat,September11,2015,available at:http://thediplomat.com/2015/09/a-new-indonesia-military-boost-near-thesouth-china-sea/,2015.10.11.
(3)Benjamin Schreer,“Why Indonesia Will Side with the US(Despite Its‘Non-alignment’Policy),”Oct.31,2013,ASPI,available at:http://www.aspistrategist.org.au/why-indonesia-will-side-with-the-us-despite-its-non-alignment-policy/,2015.10.11.
(4)Murray Hiebert,Ted Osius,and Gregory B.Poling,“A U.S.-Indonesia Partnership for 2020:Recommendations for Forging a 21st Century Relationship,”A Report of the CSIS,September 2013,p.x.
(1)关于美越军事合作的问题可参见:彭明宇、吴大海、李栋:《美越军事技术合作的特点、意图及对中国的影响》,载《现代军事》,2014年第11期,第14~18页。
(2)Evan Laksmana,“Indonesia’s Rising Regional and Global Profile:Does Size Really Matter?”Contemporary Southeast Asia,Vol.33,No.2(August 2011),pp.157~182.
(3)Amitav Achaya,Indonesia Matters:Asia’s Emerging Democratic Power(World Scientific Publishing Company,2014),p.92.
(4)Iis Gindarsah,“Indonesia’s Defense Diplomacy:Harnessing the Hedging Strategy Against Regional Uncertainties,”The RSIS Working Paper,No.293,June 2015,available at:https://www.rsis.edu.sg/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/WP293.pdf,p.6,2015.10.10.
(5)《印尼1.6亿美元购中国雷达提升海洋安全监测》,新华社2014年10月16日,参见网页:http://www.ah.xinhuanet.com/2014-10/16/c_1112845400.htm.
(1)中国和印尼多次在不同场合声明两国之间并不存在领土争端。
(2)《印尼国防部长:尊重中国在南中国海的岛礁建议》,《联合早报》2015年10月18日。
(3)Prashanth Parameswaran,“Indonesia Calls for South China Sea Restraint Amid US-China Tensions,”The Diplomat,October 28,2015,available at:http://thediplomat.com/2015/10/indonesia-calls-for-south-chinasea-restraint-amid-us-china-tensions/.
(4)Rizal Sukma,“Indonesia’s Security Outlook and Defence Policy 2012,”available at:http://www.nids.go.jp/english/publication/joint_research/series7/pdf/01.pdf,2015.9.10.
(1)Michael J.Green and Nicholas Szecheny,i“Power and Order in Asia:A Survey of Regional Expectations,”A Report of the CSIS Asia Program,July 2014,available at:http://csis.org/files/publication/140605_Green_Powerand Order_WEB.pdf,p.14,2015.10.20.
(2)参见2015年9月21日印尼外交部长雷特诺·马苏迪(Retno Marsudi)在美国-印尼协会上的发言:《美国与印尼两国的防务合作应该更具战略性和更全面》,转引自:Prashanth Parameswaran,“Exclusive:US,Indonesia Eye New Defense Pacts For Jokowi Visit,”The Diplomat,Oct.20,2015,available at:http://thediplomat.com/2015/10/exclusive-us-indonesia-to-sign-new-defense-pacts-during-jokowi-visit/,2015.10.25。
(3)Prashanth Parameswaran,“U.S.,Indonesia Looking To Boost Military Ties:Officials,”The Diplomat,Dec.16,2014,available at:http://thediplomat.com/2014/12/u-s-indonesia-looking-to-boost-military-ties-officials/,2015.10.4.
(1)Alexander Sullivan,“Strengthening U.S.-Indonesia Defense Ties,”CNAS,Oct.2014,pp.7~8,available at:http://www.cnas.org/sites/default/files/publications-pdf/CNAS_IndonesiaC ountry_Sullivan.pdf,2015.9.1.
(2)Lt.Cmdr.Jeff W.Benson,“U.S.Should Consider Establishing a South China Sea International Operations Center in Indonesia,”USNI News,March 9,2015,available at:http://news.usni.org/2015/03/09/essay-u-sshould-consider-establishing-a-south-china-sea-international-operations-center-in-indonesia,2015.10.22.
(3)David Wroe,“US Military Chief Martin Dempsey Urges Stronger Australian Relationship with Indonesia,”The Sydney Morning Herald,Feb.15,2015,available at:http://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political-news/us-military-chief-martin-dempsey-urges-stronger-australian-relationship-with-indonesia-20150224-13na70.html#ixzz3oY 3sxngr,2015.10.16.
(1)“Work,Indonesian Military Leader Discuss Regional Stability,”DoD News,Dec.16,2014,available at:http://www.defense.gov/News-Article-View/Article/603825,2015.10.2.
(2)Gen.Moeldoko and Gen.Vincent K.Brooks,“Commentary:Furthering Military Bonds in Southeast Asia,”Army Times,Dec.10,2014,available at:http://www.armytimes.com/story/opinion/2014/12/10/pacific-indonesia-partnership-army/19948221/,2015.10.7.
(3)Karen Parrish,“U.S,Indonesia Agree on F-16 Transfer,”DoD News,November 18,2011,available at:http://archive.defense.gov/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=66164,2015.10.2.
(1)Hiebert Murray,Ted Osius,and Gregory B.Poling,“A US-Indonesia Partnership for 2020,”Center for Strategic and International Studies,September 2013,p.11.
(2)“U.S.and Indonesia Strengthen Maritime Partnerships during CARAT 2015,”available at:http://www.pacom.mil/Media/News/tabid/5693/Article/611919/us-and-indonesia-strengthen-maritime-partnerships-during-carat-2015.aspx,2015.10.12.
(1)美国太平洋陆军于2014年开始实施“太平洋通道”计划,该计划准备于2015财年部署三条训练通道,而且此后每年都将部署三条。每条训练通道都是一系列站点,通过与所在国的双边定期军演实现军力前置。万一发生紧急情况,太平洋司令部司令可以动用这些部队(旅级单位)。参见:《美军“太平洋通道”计划披露:军力前置增兵备战》,《参考消息》2014年10月16日第14版。据笔者掌握的信息,今年第一条通道涉及的站点是泰国、韩国和菲律宾;第二条通道涉及澳大利亚、印尼和马来西亚;第三条通道不详。Seth Robson,“Army Expanding Pacific Pathways Exercises in 2015,”Stars and Stripes,December 8,2014,available at:http://www.stripes.com/news/army-expanding-pacific-pathways-exercises-in-2015-1.317999,2015.10.2.
(2)“U.S.,Indonesia Further Defense Cooperation,Sign Arrangement to Recover the Remains of American Personnel in Indonesia,”June 15,2015,available at:http://jakarta.usembassy.gov/news/pr_150615en.html,2015.10.3.
(3)Murray Hiebert,Ted Osius,and Gregory B.Poling,“A US-Indonesia Partnership for 2020,”Center for Strategic and International Studies,September 2013,p.10.
(4)Cheryl Pellerin,“Hagel Talks to Indonesian Soldiers About Education,Training,”DoD News,August 27,2013,available at:http://www.defense.gov/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=120677,2015.10.13.
(5)“International Military Education and Training Account Summary,”available at:http://www.state.gov/t/pm/ppa/sat/c14562.htm.
(1)“United States and Indonesia Further Defense Cooperation,Sign Arrangement to Recover the Remains of American Personnel in Indonesia,”June 15,2015,available at:http://jakarta.usembassy.gov/news/pr_150615en.html.
(2)Ann Marie Murphy,“US Rapprochement with Indonesia:From Problem State to Partner,”Contemporary Southeast Asia,Vol.32,No.3,2010,pp.372~373.
(3)美国学界对印尼的战略潜力及利用价值的关注很早就开始了,亨廷顿在其《文明的冲突与世界秩序的重建》一书中提到,印度尼西亚和越南是两个最倾向于用均势来平衡和遏制中国的国家。印度尼西亚是一个远离中国的穆斯林大国,但是没有其他国家的帮助,它不可能阻止中国控制南中国海的权利要求。参见:亨廷顿:《文明的冲突与世界秩序的重建》(周琪等译),北京·新华出版社,2002年版,第262页;华盛顿的智库“德美马歇尔基金”(German Marshall Fund of the United States)的丹尼尔·特文宁(Daniel Twining)认为,在美国的帮助下,印尼与越南有潜力和倾向实现经济、军事现代化,从而有效地制衡中国在东南亚的影响力。这两国的潜力要大于菲律宾和泰国。参见:Daniel Twining,“America’s Grand Design in Asia,”The Washington Quarterly,Vol.30,No.3(Summer 2007),p.84。
(4)李益波:《奥巴马政府对东南亚政策的调整及原因分析》,载《太平洋学报》,2010年1期。
(5)Thomas Donilon,“The United States and the Asia-Pacific in 2013,”March 11,2013,available at:http://asiasociety.org/new-york/complete-transcript-thomas-donilon-asia-society-new-york.
(1)“Sustaining U.S.Global Leadership:Priorities for 21st Century Defense,”January 2012,p.2,available at:http://www.defense.gov/news/Defense_Strategic_Guidance.pdf,2015.10.1.
(2)Amitav Achaya,Indonesia Matters:Asia’s Emerging Democratic Power(World Scientific Publishing Company,2014),p.90.
(3)根据斯德哥尔摩国际和平研究所(SIPRI)公布的数据,2010年之前,美国对印尼军售的总额仅4600万美元,远远落后于荷兰、韩国、俄罗斯及法国。尽管增速很快,在过去五年里,印尼进口武器的主要来源国是俄罗斯(67.6亿美元)、英国(54.1亿美元)、韩国(45.3亿美元)、美国(26.4亿美元)。未来五年里,印尼军费要从2014年的70亿美元提升到2020年的200亿美元,这对美国来说意味着印尼将是其巨大的军火市场,参见网页:http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/values.php+,2015.9.3。
(1)Joko Widodo,Remarks to the Ninth East Asia Summit,Naypyidaw,Myanmar,Nov.13,2014,available at:http://www.rappler.com/world/regions/asia-pacific/Indonesia/74928-pidato-jokowi-indonesia-poros-maritim-dunia,2015.9.33.
(2)“Moeldoko Wants Indonesian Military to Accept‘Big Brother’Role in ASEAN,”Antara news(印度尼西亚安塔拉通讯社---作者注),Dec.22,2014,available at:http://www.antaranews.com/en/news/96994/moeldoko-wants-indonesian-military-to-accept-big-brother-role-in-asean,2015.10.13.
(3)Aaron L.Connelly,“Sovereignty and the Sea:President Joko Widodo’s Foreign Policy Challenges,”Contemporary Southeast Asia,Vol.37,No.1,2015,p.15.
(4)Kanupriya Kapoor and Jonathan Thatcher,“Indonesia Military Worries over Asia Arms Race,Territorial Tensions,”Reuters,April 3,2014.
(5)“Indonesia’s Control Over Its Waters Still Weak:Minister,”Antara News,June 8,2014.
(6)Wahyudi Soeriaatmadja,“Indonesian ISIS Fighter Bahrun Naim Was Behind Jakarta Blasts:Jakarta Police Chief,”The Straits Times,January 14,2016,available at:http://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/explosions-heard-in-centre-of-indonesian-capital-witnesses,2016.1.16.
(1)[印尼]喀尔敏·苏哈尔那:《南海冲突和解决之道及其对印尼国防安全之影响》,载《南洋资料译丛》,2015年1期,第2页。
(2)Prashanth Parameswaran,“A New Indonesia Military Boost Near the South China Sea?”The Diplomat,September11,2015,available at:http://thediplomat.com/2015/09/a-new-indonesia-military-boost-near-thesouth-china-sea/,2015.10.11.
(3)Benjamin Schreer,“Why Indonesia Will Side with the US(Despite Its‘Non-alignment’Policy),”Oct.31,2013,ASPI,available at:http://www.aspistrategist.org.au/why-indonesia-will-side-with-the-us-despite-its-non-alignment-policy/,2015.10.11.
(4)Murray Hiebert,Ted Osius,and Gregory B.Poling,“A U.S.-Indonesia Partnership for 2020:Recommendations for Forging a 21st Century Relationship,”A Report of the CSIS,September 2013,p.x.
(1)关于美越军事合作的问题可参见:彭明宇、吴大海、李栋:《美越军事技术合作的特点、意图及对中国的影响》,载《现代军事》,2014年第11期,第14~18页。
(2)Evan Laksmana,“Indonesia’s Rising Regional and Global Profile:Does Size Really Matter?”Contemporary Southeast Asia,Vol.33,No.2(August 2011),pp.157~182.
(3)Amitav Achaya,Indonesia Matters:Asia’s Emerging Democratic Power(World Scientific Publishing Company,2014),p.92.
(4)Iis Gindarsah,“Indonesia’s Defense Diplomacy:Harnessing the Hedging Strategy Against Regional Uncertainties,”The RSIS Working Paper,No.293,June 2015,available at:https://www.rsis.edu.sg/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/WP293.pdf,p.6,2015.10.10.
(5)《印尼1.6亿美元购中国雷达提升海洋安全监测》,新华社2014年10月16日,参见网页:http://www.ah.xinhuanet.com/2014-10/16/c_1112845400.htm.
(1)中国和印尼多次在不同场合声明两国之间并不存在领土争端。
(2)《印尼国防部长:尊重中国在南中国海的岛礁建议》,《联合早报》2015年10月18日。
(3)Prashanth Parameswaran,“Indonesia Calls for South China Sea Restraint Amid US-China Tensions,”The Diplomat,October 28,2015,available at:http://thediplomat.com/2015/10/indonesia-calls-for-south-chinasea-restraint-amid-us-china-tensions/.
(4)Rizal Sukma,“Indonesia’s Security Outlook and Defence Policy 2012,”available at:http://www.nids.go.jp/english/publication/joint_research/series7/pdf/01.pdf,2015.9.10.
(1)Michael J.Green and Nicholas Szecheny,i“Power and Order in Asia:A Survey of Regional Expectations,”A Report of the CSIS Asia Program,July 2014,available at:http://csis.org/files/publication/140605_Green_Powerand Order_WEB.pdf,p.14,2015.10.20.
(2)参见2015年9月21日印尼外交部长雷特诺·马苏迪(Retno Marsudi)在美国-印尼协会上的发言:《美国与印尼两国的防务合作应该更具战略性和更全面》,转引自:Prashanth Parameswaran,“Exclusive:US,Indonesia Eye New Defense Pacts For Jokowi Visit,”The Diplomat,Oct.20,2015,available at:http://thediplomat.com/2015/10/exclusive-us-indonesia-to-sign-new-defense-pacts-during-jokowi-visit/,2015.10.25。
(3)Prashanth Parameswaran,“U.S.,Indonesia Looking To Boost Military Ties:Officials,”The Diplomat,Dec.16,2014,available at:http://thediplomat.com/2014/12/u-s-indonesia-looking-to-boost-military-ties-officials/,2015.10.4.
(1)Alexander Sullivan,“Strengthening U.S.-Indonesia Defense Ties,”CNAS,Oct.2014,pp.7~8,available at:http://www.cnas.org/sites/default/files/publications-pdf/CNAS_IndonesiaC ountry_Sullivan.pdf,2015.9.1.
(2)Lt.Cmdr.Jeff W.Benson,“U.S.Should Consider Establishing a South China Sea International Operations Center in Indonesia,”USNI News,March 9,2015,available at:http://news.usni.org/2015/03/09/essay-u-sshould-consider-establishing-a-south-china-sea-international-operations-center-in-indonesia,2015.10.22.
(3)David Wroe,“US Military Chief Martin Dempsey Urges Stronger Australian Relationship with Indonesia,”The Sydney Morning Herald,Feb.15,2015,available at:http://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political-news/us-military-chief-martin-dempsey-urges-stronger-australian-relationship-with-indonesia-20150224-13na70.html#ixzz3oY 3sxngr,2015.10.16.