鸡骨草的化学成分、药理作用及临床应用研究进展
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摘要
鸡骨草是豆科植物相思子属植物,在我国广东、广西等地均有分布。鸡骨草在我国有着悠久的用药历史,常以全株入药,具有利湿退黄、清热解毒、舒肝止痛等功效。通过查阅中国知网,万方,维普,Science Direct,FMRS,Pubmed等国内外多个数据库,对近年来关于鸡骨草植物化学成分、药理作用及临床应用的相关文献进行归纳和总结,经全面分析后,分类归纳成综述。经调研大量相关的文献发现,鸡骨草含有大量丰富的化学成分,如白桦酸等三萜类成分,儿茶素等黄酮类成分,相思子碱等生物碱类成分,大黄酚等蒽醌类成分以及无机元素。鸡骨草丰富的物质基础使其具有广泛的药理作用,鸡骨草作为民间传统药材,临床上常用于湿热黄疸,胁肋不舒,胃脘胀痛,乳痈肿痛,脂肪性肝病、肝炎和跌打内伤的治疗。此外,鸡骨草还具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗菌、抗病毒、抗炎镇痛、促进伤口愈合、免疫调节等多种药理作用。目前,临床上有鸡骨草单味药或与中药复方联用,其中以与中药复方联用为主,鸡骨草通过与其他药材配伍更好地发挥药效。鸡骨草广泛的药理作用,加之廉价易栽培的特点,使其具有极高的经济价值和社会效益,有着巨大的开发潜力和广阔的市场前景。基于近30年来国内外对鸡骨草的研究,本文从化学成分、生物活性及临床应用等方面对鸡骨草的研究现状进行了综述,以期能为进一步合理开发和综合利用鸡骨草的药用资源提供参考。
Abri Herba,a kind of plant of Leguminosae family,is widely distributed in Guangdong and Guangxi,with rich resources. With a long medication history in China,its whole-plant,apart from plant seeds have been used as medicine,with the effects in removing dampness and removing jaundice,clearing heat and detoxifying,and clearing the liver and relieving pain. By accessing CNKI, Wanfang date, VIP Web,ScienceDirect,FMRS,Pubmed and multiple domestic and foreign databases, recent literatures on chemical constituents and pharmacological action and clinical trials of Abri Herba were collected and summarized in a review. According to a great quantity of relevant domestic and foreign literatures. Abri herba contains abundant chemical constituents,such as betulinic acid and other triterpenoids,catechin and other flavonoids,abrine and other alkaloids,chrysophanol and other anthraquinones,as well as inorganic elements. Abri Herba has a wide range of pharmacological effects due to rich material basis. Abri Herba,as a folk traditional herb,is used to treat jaundice with damp-heat pathogen,distending pain in the stomach,acute mastitisand gall,steatosis hepatis,hepatitis and internal traumatic injury. It also has many other effects in resisting tumor,oxidation,bacteria,virus and inflammation,relieving pain,promoting wound healing and regulating immunity. At present,there is single herb or traditional Chinese medicine compounds of Abri Herba in clinic,and the latter is the majority. Abri Herba can play a better pesticide effect by combining with traditional Chinese medicine. With a wide range of pharmacological effects,cheap price and easy cultivation. Abri Herba has high economic and social benefits,great potential for development and broad market prospects. Based on domestic and foreign studies on Abri Herba in past 30 years,the recent progress in the studies on chemical constituents,biological activities and clinical applications of this plant was reviewed in this paper,in the expectation of providing reference for further development and comprehensive utilization of Abri Herba medicinal resources.
Abri Herba,a kind of plant of Leguminosae family,is widely distributed in Guangdong and Guangxi,with rich resources. With a long medication history in China,its whole-plant,apart from plant seeds have been used as medicine,with the effects in removing dampness and removing jaundice,clearing heat and detoxifying,and clearing the liver and relieving pain. By accessing CNKI, Wanfang date, VIP Web,ScienceDirect,FMRS,Pubmed and multiple domestic and foreign databases, recent literatures on chemical constituents and pharmacological action and clinical trials of Abri Herba were collected and summarized in a review. According to a great quantity of relevant domestic and foreign literatures. Abri herba contains abundant chemical constituents,such as betulinic acid and other triterpenoids,catechin and other flavonoids,abrine and other alkaloids,chrysophanol and other anthraquinones,as well as inorganic elements. Abri Herba has a wide range of pharmacological effects due to rich material basis. Abri Herba,as a folk traditional herb,is used to treat jaundice with damp-heat pathogen,distending pain in the stomach,acute mastitisand gall,steatosis hepatis,hepatitis and internal traumatic injury. It also has many other effects in resisting tumor,oxidation,bacteria,virus and inflammation,relieving pain,promoting wound healing and regulating immunity. At present,there is single herb or traditional Chinese medicine compounds of Abri Herba in clinic,and the latter is the majority. Abri Herba can play a better pesticide effect by combining with traditional Chinese medicine. With a wide range of pharmacological effects,cheap price and easy cultivation. Abri Herba has high economic and social benefits,great potential for development and broad market prospects. Based on domestic and foreign studies on Abri Herba in past 30 years,the recent progress in the studies on chemical constituents,biological activities and clinical applications of this plant was reviewed in this paper,in the expectation of providing reference for further development and comprehensive utilization of Abri Herba medicinal resources.
引文
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[5]池晓玲.湿气重试试鸡骨草煲汤[N].健康时报,2015-06-29(8).
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[7] Chiang T C,CHANG H M. Isolation and structural elucidation of some sapogenols from Abrus cantoniensis[J]. Planta Med,1982,46(9):52-55.
[8]商渊婷,苏汶君,李原,等.鸡骨草茎化学成分的预试验[J].化学世界,2016,57(2):65-67.
[9]单纯,江振洲,王涛,等.中药鸡骨草的化学成分及其研究近况[J].药学进展,2011,35(6):264-269.
[10]孔德鑫,黄荣韶,王一兵,等.基于FTIR的鸡骨草药材化学成分整体分析与评价[J].时珍国医国药,2010,21(1):140-141.
[11]黄荣韶,罗永明,胡彦,等.鸡骨草总皂甙含量的积累规律研究[J].广西农业科学,2006,37(4):391-393.
[12] Miyao H,Sakai Y,Takeshita T,et al. Triterpene saponins from Abrus cantoniensis. II. Characterization of six new saponins having a branched-chain sugar[J].Chem Pharm Bull,1996,44(6):1228,1231.
[13]史海明,温晶,屠鹏飞.鸡骨草的化学成分研究[J].中草药,2006,37(11):1610-1613.
[14]黄荣韶,玉永雄,胡艳,等.鸡骨草总黄酮含量测定及其含量动态变化研究[J].中国中药杂志,2006,31(17):1428-1431.
[15]马柏林,邓师勇,张北生,等.鸡骨草化学成分的研究[J].西北林学院学报,2008,23(5):152-153.
[16] LI H,SONG Z J,DAI Y P. Antioxidative activity of flavonoids from abrus cantoniensis against ethanolinduced gastric ulcer in mice[J]. Planta Medica,2015,81(10):784-790.
[17] YANG M,Al Z M, CHEN Y S, et al. In vitro antioxidant activities and anti-proliferative properties of the functional herb Abrus cantoniensis and its main alkaloid abrine[J]. Food Funct,2014,5(9):2268.
[18]徐柯心,贾子尧,王宝丽,等.鸡骨草化学成分研究进展[J].辽宁中医药大学学报,2017,19(7):125-129.
[19]秦建鲜,黄锁义.广西壮药鸡骨草总多糖和分级多糖相对分子质量的测定[J].化学世界,2016,57(10):617-622.
[20]扶雄,吴少微,孟赫诚,等.鸡骨草多糖的分离纯化及抗氧化活性研究[J].现代食品科技,2013,29(7):1559-1564.
[21] WU S,FU X,YOU L,et al. Antioxidant,antitumor and immunomodulatory activities of water-soluble polysaccharides in Abrus cantoniensis[J]. Int J Biol Macromol,2016,89:707-716.
[22] WONG S M, CHIANG T C, CHANG H M.Hydroxyanthraquinones from Abrus cantoniensis[J].Planta Med,1982,46(3):191-192.
[23] Miyao H,Arao T,Udayama M,et al. KaikasaponinⅢand soyasaponin I,major triterpene saponins of Abrus cantoniensis,act on GOT and GPT:influence on transaminase elevation of rat liver cells concomitantly exposed to CCl4for one hour[J]. Planta Medica,1998,64(1):5-7.
[24]零新岚,郑鸿娟,张航,等.鸡骨草醇提取物对H22荷瘤小鼠的体内抗肿瘤作用研究[J].中国医院药学杂志,2016,36(11):883-886.
[25] WU S,FU X,Brennan M A. The effects of different purifying methods on the chemical properties,in vitro anti-tumor and immunomodulatory activities of abrus cantoniensis polysaccharide fractions[J]. Int J Mol Sci,2016,17(4):511.
[26] YANG M,SHEN Q,LI L Q,et al. Phytochemical profiles,antioxidant activities of functional herb Abrus cantoniensis and Abrus mollis[J]. Food Chemistry,2015,177:304-312.
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