精准扶贫背景下金融资本对农户增收的影响研究——基于内部收入分层与区域差异的视角
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摘要
本文利用CHFS2013数据与分位数回归方法,研究金融资本对农户增收的影响,以考察和判断精准扶贫的作用效果与可持续性。主要结论是:金融资本的增收效果受到农户内部分层与区域因素的共同影响。贫穷农户的自有资本多用于储蓄,若不能进行有效投资实现增值,扶贫拨款缩小贫富差距的作用将收效甚微,贫穷农户面临未来返贫的可能性;贫穷农户与富裕农户信贷资本的回报率基本一致,其中民间借款的增收作用要远小于机构贷款,反映出扶贫贷款更有助于贫穷农户脱贫;从区域分析来看,东部贫困农户获得了更多机构贷款,西部次之,中部最次,农村普惠金融在推进过程中应尤其注重区域间的均衡性与协调性。提高穷人收入、缩小贫富差距的有效手段应是盘活穷人储蓄资本与推进精准扶贫并重。
This paper studies the effects of financial capital on rural households' income using quantile regression method based on CHFS2013 data. The result shows that the income increasing effect of financial capital is determined by both income stratification and regional differences. Specifically,most of the poor household's own capital is used as savings rather than effective investment,which limits the effect of poverty funding and increases the possibility of falling into poverty again. It is also found that returns on credit capital of the poor rural households is basically consistent with the rich ones,and institutional loans have greater effect on income increasing compared to private lending,reflecting that the poverty alleviation loans can contribute to the increase of the poor households ' income and reduction of inner income disparity. Regional analysis indicates that the poor from the east can get most of institutional loans,following the poor from the west and the middle. Thus,equilibrium and coordination between regions should be paid more attention during the process of rural inclusive finance development. For the aim to increase the poor households' income and narrow regional disparity,we should lay equal stress on activating the poor households' saving capital and promoting precise poverty alleviation.
This paper studies the effects of financial capital on rural households' income using quantile regression method based on CHFS2013 data. The result shows that the income increasing effect of financial capital is determined by both income stratification and regional differences. Specifically,most of the poor household's own capital is used as savings rather than effective investment,which limits the effect of poverty funding and increases the possibility of falling into poverty again. It is also found that returns on credit capital of the poor rural households is basically consistent with the rich ones,and institutional loans have greater effect on income increasing compared to private lending,reflecting that the poverty alleviation loans can contribute to the increase of the poor households ' income and reduction of inner income disparity. Regional analysis indicates that the poor from the east can get most of institutional loans,following the poor from the west and the middle. Thus,equilibrium and coordination between regions should be paid more attention during the process of rural inclusive finance development. For the aim to increase the poor households' income and narrow regional disparity,we should lay equal stress on activating the poor households' saving capital and promoting precise poverty alleviation.
引文
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15.师荣蓉,徐璋勇,赵彦嘉.金融减贫的门槛效应及其实证检验---基于中国西部省际面板数据的研究.中国软科学,2013(3):32~41
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17.王晶,毕盛,李芸等.正规信贷约束对农户粮食生产的影响分析.农业技术经济,2018(5):28~39
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19.王书华,苏剑.农户金融资产配置的门槛效应对收入差距的影响机制---基于微观面板门限协整模型的经验与证据.当代经济科学,2012(2):16~24
20.王小华,温涛,王定祥.县域农村金融抑制与农民收入内部不平等.经济科学,2014(2):44~54
21.王小华,温涛.农民收入超常规增长的要素优化配置目标、模式与实施.农业经济问题,2017,38(11):30-39
22.武丽娟.我国农村金融机构双重目标兼顾研究.西北大学博士学位论文,2015
23.武丽娟,徐璋勇.支农贷款影响农户收入增长的路径分析---基于2126户调研的微观数据.西北农林科技大学学报(社会科学版),2016(6):94~104
24.徐丽鹤,袁燕.收入阶层、社会资本与农户私人借贷利率.金融研究,2013(9):150~164
25.张梓榆,温涛,王小华.“新常态”下中国农贷市场供求关系的重新解读---基于农户分化视角.农业技术经济,2018(4):54~64
26.朱喜,史清华,李锐.转型时期农户的经营投资行为---以长三角15村跟踪观察农户为例.经济学(季刊),2010(2):713~730
*金融资本收入来源的结构性分解原理如下:Y0=(Y01,Y02,…,Y0n)是一个n维向量,Y01
2.Kraay A.Household Saving in China.World Bank Economic Review,2000,14(3):545~570
3.Morduch J,Sicular T.Politics,Growth and Inequality in Rural China:Does it Pay to Join the Party?.Journal of Public Economics,1998,77(3):331~356
4.Pyatt G,Chen C N,Fei J.The Distribution of Income by Factor Components.Quarterly Journal of Economics,1980,95(3):451~473
5.程名望,史清华,Yanhong Jin.农户收入水平、结构及其影响因素---基于全国农村固定观察点微观数据的实证分析.数量经济技术经济研究,2014(5):3~19
6.程名望,史清华,Yanhong Jin等.农户收入差距及其根源:模型与实证.管理世界,2015(7):17~28
7.董晓林,蔡则祥.不同地区农村金融对农村经济增长的影响---基于苏南和苏北面板数据的分析.金融研究,2007(12b):1 8~22
8.高鸣,宋洪远.脱钩收入补贴对粮食生产率的影响---基于农户收入差异的视角.农业技术经济,2018(5):15~27
9.何婧,郭沛,周雨晴.农业供给侧改革背景下的农村金融改革与发展---第十一届中国农村金融发展论坛会议综述.农业经济问题,2018(1):127~131
10.黎翠梅,曹建珍.中国农村金融效率区域差异的动态分析与综合评价.农业技术经济,2012(3):4~12
11.刘赛红,王国顺.农村金融发展影响农民收入的地区差异.经济地理,2012,32(9):120~125
12.刘艳华,朱红莲.农业信贷配给与农村居民收入的地区差异---基于平滑转换模型的阐释.农业技术经济,2017(10):68~78
13.吕勇斌,张琳,王正.中国农村金融发展的区域差异性分析.统计与决策,2012(19):111~115
14.孙玉奎,周诺亚,李丕东.农村金融发展对农村居民收入的影响研究.统计研究,2014(11):90~95
15.师荣蓉,徐璋勇,赵彦嘉.金融减贫的门槛效应及其实证检验---基于中国西部省际面板数据的研究.中国软科学,2013(3):32~41
16.王建洪,冉光和,孟坤.农户收入结构对农户投资的影响问题研究.农业技术经济,2009(1):92~97
17.王晶,毕盛,李芸等.正规信贷约束对农户粮食生产的影响分析.农业技术经济,2018(5):28~39
18.王睿,蒲勇健,胡东.资金投入对农民收入变动的影响及相关因素分析.经济科学,2009(6):28~39
19.王书华,苏剑.农户金融资产配置的门槛效应对收入差距的影响机制---基于微观面板门限协整模型的经验与证据.当代经济科学,2012(2):16~24
20.王小华,温涛,王定祥.县域农村金融抑制与农民收入内部不平等.经济科学,2014(2):44~54
21.王小华,温涛.农民收入超常规增长的要素优化配置目标、模式与实施.农业经济问题,2017,38(11):30-39
22.武丽娟.我国农村金融机构双重目标兼顾研究.西北大学博士学位论文,2015
23.武丽娟,徐璋勇.支农贷款影响农户收入增长的路径分析---基于2126户调研的微观数据.西北农林科技大学学报(社会科学版),2016(6):94~104
24.徐丽鹤,袁燕.收入阶层、社会资本与农户私人借贷利率.金融研究,2013(9):150~164
25.张梓榆,温涛,王小华.“新常态”下中国农贷市场供求关系的重新解读---基于农户分化视角.农业技术经济,2018(4):54~64
26.朱喜,史清华,李锐.转型时期农户的经营投资行为---以长三角15村跟踪观察农户为例.经济学(季刊),2010(2):713~730
*金融资本收入来源的结构性分解原理如下:Y0=(Y01,Y02,…,Y0n)是一个n维向量,Y01