农户宅基地退出的补偿意愿调查及政策建议
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摘要
以农村宅基地退出制度的历史考察与法律解读为研究起点,分析透视农村宅基地退出制度面临的困境。通过对农户宅基地退出补偿意愿的"百村调查"得出结论:补偿是否合理、公平是影响农户宅基地退出的关键;货币补偿中要"以高于商品性住房的价格进行补偿",实物补偿中要"以高比例进行房屋面积置换"是大多数农户的心理预期。针对调查结论,政府在鼓励和引导农户宅基地退出的过程中,要把制定完善宅基地退出与补偿的法律法规,制定合理的补偿标准,建立宅基地退出的动力机制以及保障体系作为重点工作。
Taking the historical investigation and legal interpretation of the rural homestead exit system as the starting point,this paper analyzes the dilemma faced by the rural homestead exit system.Through a"100-village survey"of farmers' willingness to withdraw from the homestead,it is concluded that whether compensation is reasonable and fair is the key to affecting farmers' withdrawal from the homestead.In monetary compensation,the compensation should be"at a price higher than that of commercial housing",while in physical compensation,replacement of housing area with a high proportion is the psychological expectation of most farmers.According to the survey conclusion,the government should focus on formulating laws and regulations on homestead withdrawal and compensation,formulating reasonable compensation standards,establishing the motivation mechanism and security system for homestead withdrawal in the process of encouraging and guiding farmers to withdraw from homestead.
Taking the historical investigation and legal interpretation of the rural homestead exit system as the starting point,this paper analyzes the dilemma faced by the rural homestead exit system.Through a"100-village survey"of farmers' willingness to withdraw from the homestead,it is concluded that whether compensation is reasonable and fair is the key to affecting farmers' withdrawal from the homestead.In monetary compensation,the compensation should be"at a price higher than that of commercial housing",while in physical compensation,replacement of housing area with a high proportion is the psychological expectation of most farmers.According to the survey conclusion,the government should focus on formulating laws and regulations on homestead withdrawal and compensation,formulating reasonable compensation standards,establishing the motivation mechanism and security system for homestead withdrawal in the process of encouraging and guiding farmers to withdraw from homestead.
引文
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[2]马晓河.推进新型城镇化要处理好四大关系[J].经济纵横,2014(11):1-8.
[3]张晏.面对1.2亿亩建设用地缺口民革中央呼吁——关键是推进集体建设用地流转[N].中国国土资源报,2009-03-10(01).
[4]吕苑娟.全国耕地面积继续维持在20.25亿亩[N].中国国土资源报,2016-08-11(01).
[5]刘德炳,姚冬琴.让农民捧上金饭碗[J].中国经济周刊,2013(43):26-33.
[6]王敏.农地流转对农户宅基地退出意愿影响研究——基于江苏省855户农户的调查结果分析[J].南京农业大学学报(社会科学版),2016(4):81-89.
[7]吕军书,张誉戈.供给侧结构改革视阈下农户宅基地有偿退出的实现路径——以“百村调查”为样本[J].经济体制改革,2017(1):76-80.
[8]樊小刚.土地的保障功能与农村社会保障制度创新[J].财经论丛,2003(4):8-12.
[9]吕军书,史梦阳.农村宅基地退出的价值、困境及实现路径[J].学术探索,2016(12):45-49.
[10]郑淯心.宅基地退出试点全国悄然推开[N].经济观察报,2015-02-02(01).
[11]全国人大常委会.关于延长授权国务院在北京市大兴区等三十三个试点县(市、区)行政区域暂时调整实施有关法律规定期限的决定[N].人民日报,2017-11-05(01).
[12]陈先鹏.不同经济发展阶段地区农村宅基地退出机制比较[J].国土资源情报,2014(7):46-51.
[13]胡银根.农村宅基地退出的补偿测算——以商丘市农村地区为例[J].中国土地科学,2013(3):29-35.
[14]刘楝子,陈悦.转户农民宅基地的有偿退出机制:重庆个案[J].改革,2015(10):143-148.
[15]欧阳安蛟.农村宅基地退出机制建立探讨[J].中国土地科学,2009(10):26-30.
[16]杜伟.农村宅基地退出与补偿机制研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2015:537.