农村沼气工程能源消耗及环境影响的LCA分析
|
摘要
能源短缺和环境污染已经成为我国经济发展主要面对的问题;以沼气工程为代表的生物质能源开发和应用在解决能源压力和环境污染的过程中具有较大的潜力;然而,近年来,沼气工程的开发应用存在较大问题.运用生命周期分析方法,对沼气制造及使用整个过程的全生命周期进行建模仿真,通过对能源积累需求算法综合评价生命周期内的各重要流程能源消耗情况进行计算,同时对整个过程所有排放进行温室效应和水土富养化等环境影响进行评价.根据评价结果,得出我国农村沼气工程发展的可行路径分别为多种原料组合策略路径和大型沼气工程区域化路径.
Energy shortage and environment pollution have already became one of the most serious problems for economy in China.Biogas project,one of biomass projects,shows its potentiality during the development.However,biogas project causes new problems due to insufficient utilization.A LCA model has been applied in the paper to evaluate from a cradle-to-gaze approach the environmental impacts and energy consumption of biogas system in rural areas of China.Specific objectives include the identification of the most critical stages(environmental hotspots)in the system in order to identify opportunities to attain environmental benefits.This study shows that,firstly,in bio-materials transporting and waste managing sessions,more fossil resources are consumed which will provide an idea of re-evaluating transportation pathway in future pathway designing;and secondly,as for environmental impact,those two sessions mentioned above are devoting more environmental pollution than other sessions.In future pathway designing,methods of multi-materials strategy and regional biogas project strategy should be taken into account.
Energy shortage and environment pollution have already became one of the most serious problems for economy in China.Biogas project,one of biomass projects,shows its potentiality during the development.However,biogas project causes new problems due to insufficient utilization.A LCA model has been applied in the paper to evaluate from a cradle-to-gaze approach the environmental impacts and energy consumption of biogas system in rural areas of China.Specific objectives include the identification of the most critical stages(environmental hotspots)in the system in order to identify opportunities to attain environmental benefits.This study shows that,firstly,in bio-materials transporting and waste managing sessions,more fossil resources are consumed which will provide an idea of re-evaluating transportation pathway in future pathway designing;and secondly,as for environmental impact,those two sessions mentioned above are devoting more environmental pollution than other sessions.In future pathway designing,methods of multi-materials strategy and regional biogas project strategy should be taken into account.
引文
[1]马林,汤云川,张卫锋,等.基于LCA评价方法的中国沼气工程环境效应现状及前景分析[C]//2008农业生物环境与能源工程国际论坛论文集,2008:139-147.
[2]贾仁安,章先华,徐兵,等.低碳生态能源经济循环农业系统工程典型模式及配套技术[J].系统工程理论与实践,2011,31(1):124-132.
[3]汪克亮,杨宝臣,杨力.基于环境效应的中国能源效率与节能减排潜力分析[J].管理评论,2012,24(8):40-50.
[4]张强,刘巍,何勇,等.中国中部某市小规模畜禽养殖污染现状调查[J].中国人口资源与环境,2014(S3):76-78.
[5]贾仁安,胡玲,丁荣华,等.SD简化流率基本入树模型及其应用[J].系统工程理论与实践,2001,21(10):137-144.
[6]石敏俊,周晟吕.低碳技术发展对中国实现减排目标的作用[J].管理评论,2010,22(6):48-54.
[7]PETER M S.The Fifth Discipline-The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization[M].Copyright Peter M Senge:Century Business,1993.
[8]THOMAS R K.Why the Energy Policy Act is a Foundation for the Future[J].Journal of the Electricity,2005,18(10):22-30.
[9]ASAFU-ADJAYE J.The Relationship Between Energy Consumption,Energy Prices and Economic Growth:Time Series Evidence from Asian Developing Countries[J].Journal of Energy Economics,2000,22(6):615-625.
[10]GRUTTER J M,EGLER H P.From Cleaner Production to Sustainable Industrial Production Modes[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2004,12(3):249-256.
[2]贾仁安,章先华,徐兵,等.低碳生态能源经济循环农业系统工程典型模式及配套技术[J].系统工程理论与实践,2011,31(1):124-132.
[3]汪克亮,杨宝臣,杨力.基于环境效应的中国能源效率与节能减排潜力分析[J].管理评论,2012,24(8):40-50.
[4]张强,刘巍,何勇,等.中国中部某市小规模畜禽养殖污染现状调查[J].中国人口资源与环境,2014(S3):76-78.
[5]贾仁安,胡玲,丁荣华,等.SD简化流率基本入树模型及其应用[J].系统工程理论与实践,2001,21(10):137-144.
[6]石敏俊,周晟吕.低碳技术发展对中国实现减排目标的作用[J].管理评论,2010,22(6):48-54.
[7]PETER M S.The Fifth Discipline-The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization[M].Copyright Peter M Senge:Century Business,1993.
[8]THOMAS R K.Why the Energy Policy Act is a Foundation for the Future[J].Journal of the Electricity,2005,18(10):22-30.
[9]ASAFU-ADJAYE J.The Relationship Between Energy Consumption,Energy Prices and Economic Growth:Time Series Evidence from Asian Developing Countries[J].Journal of Energy Economics,2000,22(6):615-625.
[10]GRUTTER J M,EGLER H P.From Cleaner Production to Sustainable Industrial Production Modes[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2004,12(3):249-256.