西南民族贫困地区农村灾害应对能力评估与比较研究——基于36个国家级民族贫困县的调查
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摘要
【目的】对西南民族贫困地区农村的灾害综合应对能力进行评估和比较研究,以明确减灾能力水平和不足。【方法】基于灾害的过程管理,从灾前监测与预警、灾中应急与救援、灾后恢复与重建3个方面构建灾害综合应对评价指标体系,并以四川、云南、贵州和重庆四省(市)36个国家级民族贫困县的调查数据为依据,应用层次分析法进行评估和比较研究。【结果】4省(市)民族贫困地区中重庆的灾害综合应对能力最强、四川次之、云南第三、贵州最弱;并通过比较,找出了各省市灾害应对的短板。【结论】西南民族贫困地区应加强灾害应对研讨学习、促进各省市的交流,并对存在的短板,借鉴其他省份经验进行针对性的改善提高。
【Objective】To evaluate and compare the response capacity of disaster in rural areas in Southwest minority poverty region,and to make clear the level and weakness of disaster response capacity.【Method】Based on the process management of disaster,to build disaster evaluation index system of comprehensive response from three aspects including the disaster monitoring and early warning,emergency and rescue,and post-disaster restoration and reconstruction.And then,to evaluate and compare the response capacity through the application of AHP,on the basis of the survey data from 36state-level minority poverty counties in Sichuan,Yunnan,Guizhou and Chongqing.【Results】Research shows that among the four provinces,the comprehensive disaster response capacity of Chongqing is strongest,Sichuan and Yunnan second,and Guizhou is the weakest.Through comparison,the weakness of each province were found in disaster response.【Conclusion】The government in Southwest minority poverty region should strengthen the research of disaster response.Each province should learn from each other,and make targeted improvement toward the weakness by learning the experiences of others.
【Objective】To evaluate and compare the response capacity of disaster in rural areas in Southwest minority poverty region,and to make clear the level and weakness of disaster response capacity.【Method】Based on the process management of disaster,to build disaster evaluation index system of comprehensive response from three aspects including the disaster monitoring and early warning,emergency and rescue,and post-disaster restoration and reconstruction.And then,to evaluate and compare the response capacity through the application of AHP,on the basis of the survey data from 36state-level minority poverty counties in Sichuan,Yunnan,Guizhou and Chongqing.【Results】Research shows that among the four provinces,the comprehensive disaster response capacity of Chongqing is strongest,Sichuan and Yunnan second,and Guizhou is the weakest.Through comparison,the weakness of each province were found in disaster response.【Conclusion】The government in Southwest minority poverty region should strengthen the research of disaster response.Each province should learn from each other,and make targeted improvement toward the weakness by learning the experiences of others.
引文
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[9]张星,陈惠,吴菊薪.层次分析法在福建省农业气象灾害综合评价中的应用[J].热带气象学报,2009(04):508-512.
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[2]陈晓君.灾害应急管理能力评价理论与方法研究[D].秦皇岛:燕山大学经济管理学院,2010:34-39.
[3]冯百侠.城市灾害应急能力评价的基本框架[J].河北理工大学学报:社会科学版,2006(4):210-212.
[4]孙杰.我国自然灾害应对的政府绩效评估研究[D].杭州:浙江大学公共管理学院,2011:40-45.
[5]铁永波,唐川,周春花.层次分析法在城市灾害应急能力评价中的应用[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2005(04):433-437.
[6]向仕容.基于农户视角的基层政府旱灾应急能力评价研究[D].成都:四川农业大学经济管理学院,2011:35-39.
[7]颜峻,左哲.自然灾害风险评估指标体系及方法研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2010(11):61-65.
[8]杨青,田依林,宋英华.基于过程管理的城市灾害应急管理综合能力评价体系研究[J].中国行政管理,2007(03):103-106.
[9]张星,陈惠,吴菊薪.层次分析法在福建省农业气象灾害综合评价中的应用[J].热带气象学报,2009(04):508-512.
[10]朱正威,胡增基.我国地方政府灾害管理能力评估体系的构建:以美国、日本为鉴[J].学术论坛,2006(05):47-49.