西藏日喀则市垃圾填埋场地下水环境质量评价
|
摘要
垃圾填埋场污染区域地下水是垃圾填埋场存在的最大环境安全隐患。长期以来,西藏地区生活垃圾几乎都采用卫生填埋的方式进行处理处置。为更好掌握西藏垃圾填埋场对地下水环境污染状况,为城镇用水安全、保障人群健康、环境污染防治提供可靠信息,以西藏日喀则市垃圾填埋场为研究对象,在3年现场采样收集数据的基础上,采用标准指数法、综合评价法和污染指数法对日喀则垃圾填埋场地下水环境质量进行了分析和评价。结果表明:2015—2017年,日喀则垃圾填埋场地下水评价因子中pH、总硬度、硝酸盐氮(NO_3~--N)、氟化物(F~-)、氯化物(Cl~-)、氨氮(NH_3-N)和铁(Fe) 7项指标明显高于其地下水环境背景值,其中,仅氨氮(NH_3-N)和铁(Fe)超出地下水质量Ⅲ类标准,氨氮(NH_3-N)综合污染等级为无污染,铁(Fe)为中等污染;地下水综合水质良好、污染现状为轻污染。
Groundwater in landfill pollution areas is the biggest problem related to environment safety in landfills. Municipal solid waste has mainly been treated by sanitary landfill for a long time in Tibet. This article's purpose was to gain a better grasp of groundwater environmental pollution situation of Tibet landfills,as well as to provide reliable information for ensuring water safety and people's health. By regarding the landfill in Shigatse,Tibet as the research object and on the basis of scene sampling and data acquisition,this article analysed and assessed the groundwater environmental quality of the landfill by using a standard index method,comprehensive evaluation method and pollution index method. The results showed that seven indexes,namely p H,total hardness,nitrate nitrogen( NO_3~--N),fluoride( F),chloride( Cl),ammonia nitrogen( NH_3-N),iron( Fe),were obviously higher than their background values among all assessment factors of groundwater in the landfill of Shigatse between2015 and 2017. Wherein,only ammonia nitrogen( NH_3-N) and iron( Fe) exceeded the limit value of class Ⅲ standard of groundwater quality. Comprehensive pollution level of ammonia nitrogen( NH_3-N) was unpolluted. Iron( Fe) was at medium pollution level. The comprehensive groundwater quality was good,and pollution situation was at the light pollution level.
Groundwater in landfill pollution areas is the biggest problem related to environment safety in landfills. Municipal solid waste has mainly been treated by sanitary landfill for a long time in Tibet. This article's purpose was to gain a better grasp of groundwater environmental pollution situation of Tibet landfills,as well as to provide reliable information for ensuring water safety and people's health. By regarding the landfill in Shigatse,Tibet as the research object and on the basis of scene sampling and data acquisition,this article analysed and assessed the groundwater environmental quality of the landfill by using a standard index method,comprehensive evaluation method and pollution index method. The results showed that seven indexes,namely p H,total hardness,nitrate nitrogen( NO_3~--N),fluoride( F),chloride( Cl),ammonia nitrogen( NH_3-N),iron( Fe),were obviously higher than their background values among all assessment factors of groundwater in the landfill of Shigatse between2015 and 2017. Wherein,only ammonia nitrogen( NH_3-N) and iron( Fe) exceeded the limit value of class Ⅲ standard of groundwater quality. Comprehensive pollution level of ammonia nitrogen( NH_3-N) was unpolluted. Iron( Fe) was at medium pollution level. The comprehensive groundwater quality was good,and pollution situation was at the light pollution level.
引文
[1]肖方育.岳麓区环境保护中长期规划(2015—2030)研究报告[D].长沙:湖南大学,2016.
[2]王江辉,姜新建,武亚磊.城市生活垃圾处置现状综述[J].河南建材,2016(6):61-62.
[3]张领,张吉波.张落坪垃圾填埋场对地下水污染的评价[J].长春工程学院学报(自然科学版),2012,13(1):65-68.
[4]张韵,黄健盛,赵丽,等.垃圾填埋场地下水对居民健康的风险评价[J].环境科学与管理,2015,40(9):172-176.
[5]次仁罗布,多吉,娄志颖,等.浅谈西藏城市生活垃圾现状[J].西藏科技,2007(10):26-27,33.
[6]环境保护部,国家质量监督检疫总局. GB 16889—2008生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2008.
[7]国家技术监督局. GB/T 14848—93地下水质量标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1993.
[8]环境保护部. HJ 610—2016环境影响评价技术导则地下水环境[S].北京:中国环境出版社,2016.
[9]邰托娅,王金生,王业耀,等.我国地下水污染风险评价方法研究进展[J].北京师范大学学报(自然科学版),2012,48(6):648-653.
[10]滕志坤,张颖,梁慧.黑龙江省垃圾填埋场地下水污染调查评价研究[J].环境科学与管理,2016,41(11):187-190.
[2]王江辉,姜新建,武亚磊.城市生活垃圾处置现状综述[J].河南建材,2016(6):61-62.
[3]张领,张吉波.张落坪垃圾填埋场对地下水污染的评价[J].长春工程学院学报(自然科学版),2012,13(1):65-68.
[4]张韵,黄健盛,赵丽,等.垃圾填埋场地下水对居民健康的风险评价[J].环境科学与管理,2015,40(9):172-176.
[5]次仁罗布,多吉,娄志颖,等.浅谈西藏城市生活垃圾现状[J].西藏科技,2007(10):26-27,33.
[6]环境保护部,国家质量监督检疫总局. GB 16889—2008生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2008.
[7]国家技术监督局. GB/T 14848—93地下水质量标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1993.
[8]环境保护部. HJ 610—2016环境影响评价技术导则地下水环境[S].北京:中国环境出版社,2016.
[9]邰托娅,王金生,王业耀,等.我国地下水污染风险评价方法研究进展[J].北京师范大学学报(自然科学版),2012,48(6):648-653.
[10]滕志坤,张颖,梁慧.黑龙江省垃圾填埋场地下水污染调查评价研究[J].环境科学与管理,2016,41(11):187-190.