农村基层党风廉政建设与反腐败问题研究
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摘要
基于中央纪委公布的364个农村腐败案例的分析发现,新时期农村腐败呈现五大特点:腐败类型相对集中,"借机敛财"比重大;腐败手段多种多样;"一把手"腐败严重;腐败窝案频发多发;专项资金套取挪用涉及种类较多。农村腐败高发的原因主要有四个方面:农村"政经社"三位一体,"一把手"权力过大;农村腐败治理责任主体不明,县级纪委和乡镇级党委纪委查处的案件比例均在一半左右;农村腐败处置标准不一致,罪名认定方式和处罚力度标准不一;农村腐败处置范围不科学,仅惩治"主犯",对"从犯"惩治力度不够。为此,农村腐败治理必须建立"政经社"相对分离的治理结构、权力相对分立的内部治理机制和科学有效的外部监督机制,从而构建全方位的农村防腐反腐体系。
A research based on the 364 cases of corruption in rural areas released by the Disciplinary Committee of the CPC Central Committee indicates that rural corruption cases under new circumstances have five features:They are highly concentrated by type; cases of " seeking money at opportunity" are proportionately high; the means of corruption are diversified; corruption among chief leaders is serious; group corruption cases are in frequent and high incidence; many cases involve embezzling or obtaining through cheating various special funds. The high incidence of rural corruption cases lies mainly in four causes. First,the chief leaders,who generally hold three positions( i. e. political,economic and social) in one,have excessive power. Second,the subject of corruption liability is not clearly defined. For instance,of the corruption cases,about half were examined and handled by the disciplinary committees at county level,the other half were filed and handled by the Party committees or disciplinary committees at village or township level. Third,the criteria for handling corruption cases are not consistent,with differentiated standards for crime convictions and penalties. And fourth,the scope of punishment is not rational,which covers only the " prime culprit" while leaving the " accomplices" ineffectively punished. Therefore,to fight corruption in rural areas,it is imperative to establish a governance structure with " political,economic and social" divisions,a self-governance mechanism with separation of power,and a rational and effective oversight mechanism from the outside,so as to create a comprehensive rural anti-corruption system.
A research based on the 364 cases of corruption in rural areas released by the Disciplinary Committee of the CPC Central Committee indicates that rural corruption cases under new circumstances have five features:They are highly concentrated by type; cases of " seeking money at opportunity" are proportionately high; the means of corruption are diversified; corruption among chief leaders is serious; group corruption cases are in frequent and high incidence; many cases involve embezzling or obtaining through cheating various special funds. The high incidence of rural corruption cases lies mainly in four causes. First,the chief leaders,who generally hold three positions( i. e. political,economic and social) in one,have excessive power. Second,the subject of corruption liability is not clearly defined. For instance,of the corruption cases,about half were examined and handled by the disciplinary committees at county level,the other half were filed and handled by the Party committees or disciplinary committees at village or township level. Third,the criteria for handling corruption cases are not consistent,with differentiated standards for crime convictions and penalties. And fourth,the scope of punishment is not rational,which covers only the " prime culprit" while leaving the " accomplices" ineffectively punished. Therefore,to fight corruption in rural areas,it is imperative to establish a governance structure with " political,economic and social" divisions,a self-governance mechanism with separation of power,and a rational and effective oversight mechanism from the outside,so as to create a comprehensive rural anti-corruption system.
引文
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