石莼基微/中孔复合结构活性炭的制备及性能
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摘要
以海洋海藻废弃物石莼为原料,通过热解预炭化,KOH活化制备活性炭。以碘吸附值和亚甲基蓝吸附值为吸附性能评价指标,探究了活化工艺对活性炭吸附性能的影响。结果表明,当KOH与石莼半焦质量比(碱炭比)为3.0∶1.0、活化时间为45 min、活化温度为800℃时,活性炭吸附性能最优,其碘吸附值和亚甲基蓝吸附值最大,分别为1824.19 mg/g、914.98 mg/g。FTIR测试表明,活性炭含有大量羟基等官能团。SEM测试表明,活性炭表面粗糙、存在大量孔结构。活性炭的BET比表面积为2616.3 m2/g,Langmuir比表面积高达4883.5 m2/g,平均孔径为2.73 nm。石莼基活性炭的孔结构为微/中孔复合结构,有作为储能、环保材料的潜质。
Activated carbon was prepared by pyrolysis semi-coke of marine algae waste(ulva) and KOH activation. The effect of activation process on the adsorption performance of activated carbon was investigated by means of iodine adsorption and methylene blue adsorption. The results indicated that under the optimal conditions of mass ratio of KOH to semi-coke of ulva 3.0∶1.0, activated time 45 min and activated temperature 800 ℃, the iodine adsorption value and methylene blue adsorption value of activated carbon could be up to 1824.19 mg/g and 914.98 mg/g. The FTIR result showed that there were a large number of hydroxyl groups on the surface of activated carbon. The SEM showed that the surface of activated carbon was very rough and had plenty of pore structure. BET surface area and Langmuir surface area were up to 2616.3 m2/g and 4883.5 m2/g, respectively. Activated carbon showed micro-and mesoporous structure with a pore size of 2.73 nm. It has the potential as energy storage and environmental protection material.
Activated carbon was prepared by pyrolysis semi-coke of marine algae waste(ulva) and KOH activation. The effect of activation process on the adsorption performance of activated carbon was investigated by means of iodine adsorption and methylene blue adsorption. The results indicated that under the optimal conditions of mass ratio of KOH to semi-coke of ulva 3.0∶1.0, activated time 45 min and activated temperature 800 ℃, the iodine adsorption value and methylene blue adsorption value of activated carbon could be up to 1824.19 mg/g and 914.98 mg/g. The FTIR result showed that there were a large number of hydroxyl groups on the surface of activated carbon. The SEM showed that the surface of activated carbon was very rough and had plenty of pore structure. BET surface area and Langmuir surface area were up to 2616.3 m2/g and 4883.5 m2/g, respectively. Activated carbon showed micro-and mesoporous structure with a pore size of 2.73 nm. It has the potential as energy storage and environmental protection material.
引文
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[24]Guo Hui(郭晖), Zhang Jisheng(张记升), Zhu Tianxing(朱天星), et al.Preparationofhighspecificsurfaceareaactivatedcarbon electrode materials from walnut shell[J]. Materials Review(材料导报), 2016, 30(2):24-27.
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[26]IsahakWNRW,HamzahN,NordinNAM,etal.Dehydration studiesofbiomassresourcesforactivatedcarbonproduction using BETandXRDtechniques[J].AdvancedMaterialsResearch,2013,620:491-495.
[2]Zuo Weiyuan(左卫元), Tong Haijuan(仝海娟), Shi Bingfang(史兵方). Cr(Ⅵ)adsorption from aqueous solutions using activated carbon modified with Fe[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering(环境工程学报), 2015, 9(1):45-50.
[3]Tian X, Ma H, Li Z, et al. Flute type micropores activated carbon from cotton stalk for high performance supercapacitors[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2017, 359:88-96
[4]Lu Q, Xu Y Y, Mu S J, et al. The effect of nitrogen and/or boron dopingontheelectrochemicalperformanceofnon-cakingcoalderived activated carbonsfor use as supercapacitor electrodes[J]. New Carbon Materials, 2017, 32(5):442-450.
[5]Wang Xiaojing(王晓静), Liu Chao(刘超), Dong Yue(董悦), et al.Modificationofactivatedcarbonwithtetrafluoroboricacidandits performanceinadsorptiondesulfurizationofdibenzothiophene[J].JournalofFuelChemistryandTechnology(燃料化学学报),2015,43(5):607-613.
[6]GaoX,WeiX,ZhouJ,etal.Superiorcapacitiveperformanceof activecarbonsderivedfromEnteromorphaprolifera[J].Electrochimica Acta, 2014, 133(7):459-466.
[7]Hesas R H, Arami-Niya A, Wan M A W D, et al. Microwave-assisted production of activated carbons from oil palm shell in the presence of CO2,orN2,forCO2,adsorption[J].JournalofIndustrial&Engineering Chemistry, 2015, 24(3):196-205.
[8]Jiang Jianchun(蒋剑春), Sun Kang(孙康). Review on preparation technology of activated carbon and its application[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products(林产化学与工业), 2017, 37(1):1-13.
[9]Hu Lijuan(胡立鹃), Wu Feng(吴峰), Peng Shanzhi(彭善枝), et al.Progressinpreparationandutilizationofbiomass-basedactivated carbons[J], Chemistry(化学通报), 2016, 79(3):205-212.
[10]Sun Longmei(孙龙梅), Zhang Liping(张丽平), Xue Jianhua(薛建华), et al. Research progress on preparation methods and applications of activated carbon[J]. Chemistry&Bioengineering(化学与生物工程), 2016, 33(3):5-8.
[11]Zhang Huiping(张会平), Xiao Xinyan(肖新颜), Yang Lichun(杨立春). Preparation of activated carbon from carbonized coconut shell by K2CO3 chemical activation[J]. Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition)(华南理工大学学报:自然科学版), 2006, 34(3):63-66.
[12]WangYuxin(王玉新), Su Wei(苏伟), Shi Zhiqiang(时志强), et al.Preparation and application of activated aarbons with high specific surface area from coconut shell[J]. Journal of Tianjing University(天津大学学报), 2008, 41(6):703-708.
[13]HuangShanshan(黄珊珊),ZhaoXiaoyan(赵小燕),XieFengmei(谢凤梅), et al. Preparation of hyper coal-based activated carbons for electricdoublelayercapacitor[J].JournalofFuelChemistryand Technology(燃料化学学报), 2014, 42(5):539-544.
[14]Liu Pengpeng(刘鹏鹏), Zhou Sukun(周素坤), Wang Chao(王超),etal.Preparationandpropertiesofmesoporousactivatedcarbons fromNaOH-pretreatedcorncobresidues[J].JournalofBeijing Forestry University(北京林业大学学报), 2018, 40(3):128-134.
[15]Zhao Zhonghua(赵中华), Shi Lei(石磊), Liu Shanshan(刘珊珊).Biomass energy development and marine biomass energy prospects[J].Science and Management(科学与管理), 2008, 15(4):13-15.
[16]Chávez-Sánchez T, Pi?ón-Gimate A, Serviere-Zaragoza E, et al. Ulva bloomsinthesouthwesternGulfofCalifornia:Reproductionand biomass[J]. Estuarine Coastal&Shelf Science, 2018, 200:202-211.
[17]GuoWei(郭伟),ZhaoLiang(赵亮),LiXiumei(李秀梅).The interannualvariationofGreenTideintheYellowSe[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica(海洋学报), 2016, 38(12):36-45.
[18]YiShuang(易霜),HeXuanming(何选明),ChengXiaohan(程晓晗),etal.Lowtemperaturecopyrolysisproductsofligniteand ulva[J]. Chemical Engineering(化学工程), 2016, 44(7):64-68.
[19]Ferrera-LorenzoN,FuenteE,Suárez-RuizI,etal.KOHactivated carbonfromconventionalandmicrowaveheatingsystemofa macroalgae waste from the Agar–Agar industry[J]. Fuel Processing Technology, 2014, 121(1):25-31.
[20]Zhang Jian(张建), Hou Yingfei(侯影飞), Zhou Hongyang(周洪洋),et al. Study on oil removal from oilfield wastewater using activated semicoke[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering(环境工程学报), 2010, 4(2):355-359.
[21]LiHaihong(李海红),YangPei(杨佩),XueHui(薛慧),etal.Preparationandcharacterizationofactivatedcarbonfromcotton woven waste with potassium hydroxide[J]. Fine Chemicals(精细化工), 2018, 35(1):174-180.
[22]Yu Junfeng(余峻峰), Chen Peirong(陈培荣), Yu Zhimin(俞志敏),et al. Preparation and characteristic of activated carbon from sawdust bio-charbychemicalactivationwithKOH[J].ChineseJournalof Applied Chemistry(应用化学), 2013, 30(9):1017-1022
[23]XinBaolin(邢宝林),ChenLunjian(谌伦建),ZhangChuanxiang(张传祥), et al. Study on preparation of coal-based activated carbons byNaOHactivation[J].CoalConversion(煤炭转化),2010,33(1):69-73.
[24]Guo Hui(郭晖), Zhang Jisheng(张记升), Zhu Tianxing(朱天星), et al.Preparationofhighspecificsurfaceareaactivatedcarbon electrode materials from walnut shell[J]. Materials Review(材料导报), 2016, 30(2):24-27.
[25]Wang Gege(王格格), Li Gang(李刚), Lu Jiangyin(陆江银), et al.Effectofpyrolysisprocessonphysicalstructureofbiochar[J].ChineseJournalofEnvironmentalEngineering(环境工程学报),2016, 10(12):7289-7293.
[26]IsahakWNRW,HamzahN,NordinNAM,etal.Dehydration studiesofbiomassresourcesforactivatedcarbonproduction using BETandXRDtechniques[J].AdvancedMaterialsResearch,2013,620:491-495.