中国区域技术专业化与经济增长——基于专利数据的实证分析
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摘要
基于专利数据构建技术专业化衡量指标,测度2001-2015年中国内地30个省域技术专业化系数,展现专业化模式的区域差异以及变动规律,并利用门限面板模型进一步考察不同类型技术专业化与区域经济增长之间的非线性关系。结果表明:中国省域技术分工系数总体呈现西高东低的区域特征,并出现先增后降的变化趋势;只有少数地区能在高新技术和高机会技术领域实现专业化,大部分地区仅在自身优势产业所对应的技术领域实现专业化;技术专业化与区域经济增长之间存在非线性关系,创新能力较低时,技术分工将促进经济增长,而当创新能力较高时,技术分工的作用不显著,且不同领域专业化会产生不同效果。
Based on Chinese granted patent data,this paper built indicators and measured degree of technological specialization of Chinese 30 provinces between 2001 and 2015,showed the patterns of specialization and their spatial and temporal disparities.By using threshold panel model,we further investigated the nonlinear relationship between different types of technological specialization and regional economic growth,to provide the suggestions for different regions about choice of priority areas in technology innovation.Result shows that,In general,the technological division coefficient in the west was higher than it in the east,the variation trend was increased at first and decreased afterwards;Only a handful of areas were specialized in the field with high technological opportunity,large parts of areas were specialized in the technology field of their own advantages industries;There are nonlinear relationship between technological specialization and economic growth,when innovation ability is low,division will significantly promote the growth,when technology innovation ability is high,the effect of technological division is not significant,and specialized in different fields would have different effects on economic growth.
Based on Chinese granted patent data,this paper built indicators and measured degree of technological specialization of Chinese 30 provinces between 2001 and 2015,showed the patterns of specialization and their spatial and temporal disparities.By using threshold panel model,we further investigated the nonlinear relationship between different types of technological specialization and regional economic growth,to provide the suggestions for different regions about choice of priority areas in technology innovation.Result shows that,In general,the technological division coefficient in the west was higher than it in the east,the variation trend was increased at first and decreased afterwards;Only a handful of areas were specialized in the field with high technological opportunity,large parts of areas were specialized in the technology field of their own advantages industries;There are nonlinear relationship between technological specialization and economic growth,when innovation ability is low,division will significantly promote the growth,when technology innovation ability is high,the effect of technological division is not significant,and specialized in different fields would have different effects on economic growth.
引文
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[23]张杰,高德步,夏胤磊.专利能否促进中国经济增长---基于中国专利资助政策视角的一个解释[J].中国工业经济,2016(1):83-98.
[24]MALERBA F.Sectoral systems of innovation and production[J].Research Policy,2002,31(2):247-264.
[25]王德利,方创琳.中国跨区域产业分工与联动特征[J].地理研究,2010,29(8):1392-1406.
[26]中国科技发展战略研究小组.中国区域创新能力评价报告2015[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,2015.
[27]刘晓明,刘小勇,董建功.城市化、空间溢出与经济增长---基于空间Durbin面板模型的实证研究[J].经济问题,2017(4):18-23.
[28]张军,吴桂英,张吉鹏.中国省际物质资本存量估算:1952-2000[J].经济研究,2004(10):35-44.
[29]ANTONELLI C.The economics of technological congruence[R].Working Paper,University of Turin,2013.
[30]HANSEN B E.Threshold effects in non-dynamic panels:estimation testing and inference[J].Journal of Econometrics,1999,93(2):345-368.
[2]冯仁涛.中国区域技术专业化模式与程度研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2013.
[3]ARCHIBUGI D,PIANTA M.Specialization and size of technological activities in industrial countries:the analysis of patent data[J].Research Policy,1992,21(1):79-93.
[4]冯仁涛,余翔.中国区域技术专业化程度与技术规模和经济规模的关系[J].研究与发展管理,2014,26(5):54-62.
[5]MAHMOOD I P,SINGH J.Technological dynamism in A-sia[J].Research Policy,2003,32(6):1031-1054.
[6]俞文华.发明专利、比较优势、授权差距---基于中国国内外发明专利授权量比较分析[J].中国软科学,2009(6):19-32.
[7]CANTWELL J,VERTOVA G.Historical evolution of technological diversification[J].Research Policy,2004,33(3):511-529.
[8]FELDMAN M.Location and innovation:the new economic geography of innovation,spillovers,and agglomeration[M].Oxford:Oxford University Press,2000:373-394.
[9]GROSSMAN G M,HELPMAN E.Quality ladders and product cycles[J].Quarterly Journal of Economics,1991,106(2):557-586.
[10]曾鹏,李洪涛.我国十大城市群产业集聚与多样化对经济增长作用比较[J].科技进步与对策,2017,34(2):38-44.
[11]UCHIDA Y P,COOK.The transformation of competitive advantage in East Asia:an analysis of technological and trade specialization[J].World Development,2005,33(5):701-728.
[12]MELICIANI V.The impact of technological specialisation on national performance in a balance-of payments-constrained growth model[J].Structure Chang and Economic Dynamics,2002,13:101-118.
[13]JUNGMITTAG A.Innovations,technological specialization and economic growth in EU[J].International Economics and Economic Policy,2004,1:247-273.
[14]MALERBA F,MONTOBBIO F.Structural change in innovative activities in four leading sectors.an interpretation of the stylized facts[J].Revue conomique,2004,55(6):1051-1070.
[15]MONTOBBIO F,RAMPA F.The impact of technology and structural change on export performance in nine developing countries[J].World Development,2005,33(4):527-547.
[16]RUIZ A U,C F ROCHA..On the relations between technological opportunity,specialization and growth[J].Universidade de S2o Paulo,Faculdade de Economia,Administra92o e Contabilidade de Ribeir2o Preto Working Papers,2011.
[17]EVANGELISTA R,MELICIANI V,VEZZANI A.The distribution of technological activities in Europe:a regional perspective[R].Jrc Working Papers,2016.
[18]URRACA-RUIZ A,LAGUNA-MOLINA N E.Dynamic technological specialization,aggregated convergence and growth[J].International Economics and Economic Policy,2016,13:195-211.
[19]冯仁涛,余翔.我国区域技术专业化模式比较研究[J].科研管理,2012,33(10):9-16.
[20]DALUM B,LAURSEN K,VERSPAGEN B.Does specialization matter for growth[J].Industrial and Corporate Chang,1999:8(2):267-288.
[21]FREEMAN C,PEREZ C.Structural crises of adjustment,business cycles and investment behaviour[J].Technical Change&Economic Theory L Ndon Frances Pinter,1988:871-871.
[22]HUANG H T,MIOZZO M.Patterns of technological specialization in Latin American and East Asian countries:analysis of patents and trade flows[J].Economic of Innovation and New Technology,2004,13(7):615-653.
[23]张杰,高德步,夏胤磊.专利能否促进中国经济增长---基于中国专利资助政策视角的一个解释[J].中国工业经济,2016(1):83-98.
[24]MALERBA F.Sectoral systems of innovation and production[J].Research Policy,2002,31(2):247-264.
[25]王德利,方创琳.中国跨区域产业分工与联动特征[J].地理研究,2010,29(8):1392-1406.
[26]中国科技发展战略研究小组.中国区域创新能力评价报告2015[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,2015.
[27]刘晓明,刘小勇,董建功.城市化、空间溢出与经济增长---基于空间Durbin面板模型的实证研究[J].经济问题,2017(4):18-23.
[28]张军,吴桂英,张吉鹏.中国省际物质资本存量估算:1952-2000[J].经济研究,2004(10):35-44.
[29]ANTONELLI C.The economics of technological congruence[R].Working Paper,University of Turin,2013.
[30]HANSEN B E.Threshold effects in non-dynamic panels:estimation testing and inference[J].Journal of Econometrics,1999,93(2):345-368.