我国南方砂梨主产区主栽品种果实品质因子分析及综合评价
|
摘要
【目的】利用因子分析建立我国南方优势梨产区主栽品种果实品质评价方法,明确指标间关系,确定代表性品质指标,为筛选品质优良品种提供依据。【方法】以南方砂梨主产区的33个梨品种果实样品为试材,测定了9项品质指标,采用DPS分析软件进行相关性分析和因子分析,根据结果确定代表性品质指标,根据品种主因子得分及相应权重之积的累加和计算综合得分,采用合理—满意度和多维价值理论并合规则,进行验证。【结果】可滴定酸含量与糖酸比、固酸比之间,石细胞含量与果肉硬度之间,可溶性糖含量与可溶性固形物、糖酸比、固酸比之间,单果质量与固酸比、糖酸比之间均呈极显著相关(α=0.01)。因子分析提取了风味、肉质、营养、外观、单果质量5项主因子,累计方差贡献率为91.51%;利用二维排序图绘制各品种在前3个主因子的分布状况,并对品种因子综合得分进行了排序。9项品质指标除石细胞含量外,变异系数普遍较小,且指标间存在显著相关性;可将果实品质评价指标简化为石细胞含量、可溶性糖含量、固酸比、单果质量、果形指数5项。【结论】因子分析综合评价南方砂梨果实品质经验证结果可靠,可为生产利用提供参考。
【Objective】The objective of this study was to establish an comprehensive evaluation method for the fruit quality of Pyrus pyrifolia(Burm.f.) Nakai from south China using factor analysis,and to clarify the relations among the indices,and to identify the typical indices.【Method】Nine indices of pear fruitquality were determined,correlation analysis and the factor analysis were performed with DPS software,and the typical indices were identified.The comprehensive score of cultivars was calculated by summing the product of factor's score and the weight value of each factor.And the result was validated by using the combined method of rationality-satisfiability degree.【Result】There were significant correlation between titratable acidity(TA) and soluble sugar content/titratable acidity(SSC/TA) or total soluble solids/titratable acidity(TSS/TA),between stone cell content(SCC) and flesh firmness(FF),between SSC and TSS or SSC/TA or TSS/TA,and between mass per fruit(MPF) and SSC/TA or TSS/TA.Five factors were extracted from the converted data matrix,which were fruit flavor,flesh quality,nutrition,appearance and fruit weight,and the cumulative contribution approached to 91.51%.The scatter of the first three factors showed the distribution of fruit quality of all cultivars. The arranging was performed by the order of the comprehensive score.【Conclusion】The coefficient of variation of the 9 indices were generally small except the stone cell content,and there were significant correlation between indices. Nine indices were simplified into five(SCC,SSC,TSS/TA,MPF and Fruit shape index). Factor analysis and comprehensive evaluation were validated reliable,which can provide reference for the production.
【Objective】The objective of this study was to establish an comprehensive evaluation method for the fruit quality of Pyrus pyrifolia(Burm.f.) Nakai from south China using factor analysis,and to clarify the relations among the indices,and to identify the typical indices.【Method】Nine indices of pear fruitquality were determined,correlation analysis and the factor analysis were performed with DPS software,and the typical indices were identified.The comprehensive score of cultivars was calculated by summing the product of factor's score and the weight value of each factor.And the result was validated by using the combined method of rationality-satisfiability degree.【Result】There were significant correlation between titratable acidity(TA) and soluble sugar content/titratable acidity(SSC/TA) or total soluble solids/titratable acidity(TSS/TA),between stone cell content(SCC) and flesh firmness(FF),between SSC and TSS or SSC/TA or TSS/TA,and between mass per fruit(MPF) and SSC/TA or TSS/TA.Five factors were extracted from the converted data matrix,which were fruit flavor,flesh quality,nutrition,appearance and fruit weight,and the cumulative contribution approached to 91.51%.The scatter of the first three factors showed the distribution of fruit quality of all cultivars. The arranging was performed by the order of the comprehensive score.【Conclusion】The coefficient of variation of the 9 indices were generally small except the stone cell content,and there were significant correlation between indices. Nine indices were simplified into five(SCC,SSC,TSS/TA,MPF and Fruit shape index). Factor analysis and comprehensive evaluation were validated reliable,which can provide reference for the production.
引文
[1]LIN Bai-nian.The problems of developing early pear industry inSouth China and some suggestions[J].South China Fruits,2001,30(1):43-45.林伯年.南方早熟梨发展中存在的问题及对策[J].中国南方果树,2001,30(1):43-45.
[2]JIN Ai-xian,LI Xiu-gen.A study on the regionization of early-maturing pear in China[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2006,21(6):105-107.靳爱仙,李秀根.我国早熟梨品种区划研究[J].西北林学院学报,2006,21(6):105-107.
[3]LI Jing-ping,XIE Bang-chang.The method and application of multistat-analysis[M].Beijing:China Renmin University Press,2008.李静萍,谢邦昌.多元统计分析方法与应用[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2008.
[4]FAN Bao-guo,LI Deng-ke.Factor analysis and comprehensive assessment on quality characters of dry-jujube cultivars[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2011,12(5):716-720.樊保国,李登科.制干枣品种品质性状的因子分析与综合评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2011,12(5):716-720.
[5]NIE Ji-yun,WU Yong-long,LI Hai-fei,WANG Kun,XUGuo-feng,YAN Zhen,WU Xi.Evaluation system established for fresh apple juice quality[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2013,46(8):1657-1667.聂继云,毋永龙,李海飞,王昆,徐国锋,闫震,吴锡.苹果鲜榨汁品质评价体系构建[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(8):1657-1667.
[6]YU Jian-jun,GUO Wei,BI Qing-wen,WANG Hai-ming,LIGen,FENG Xian-qing.Factor analysis and comprehensive evaluation of main chemical components in flue-cured tobacco[J].Acta Agriculture zhejiang ensis,2010,22(2):244-248.于建军,郭玮,毕庆文,王海明,黎根,冯先情.烤烟主要化学成分因子分析和综合评价[J].浙江农业学报,2010,22(2):244-248.
[7]SHEN Yu-ying,DING Xia-jun,GAO Zhi-hong,WANG Fei,FANG Wei-min,TONG Zhao-guo,ZHANG Zhen.Analysis of genetic diversity in Prunus mume based on mathematic classification of morphologic characters[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2011,28(5):802-807.沈玉英,丁夏君,高志红,王飞,房伟民,佟兆国,章镇.基于表型性状数量分类的梅品种遗传多样性分析[J].果树学报,2011,28(5):802-807.
[8]NIE Ji-yun,LI Zhi-xia,LI Hai-fei,LI Jing,WANG Kun,WUYong-long,XU Guo-feng,YAN Zhen,WU Xi,QIN Xing.Evaluation indices for apple physicochemical quality[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2012,45(14):2895-2903.聂继云,李志霞,李海飞,李静,王昆,毋永龙,徐国锋,闫震,吴锡,覃兴.苹果理化品质评价指标研究[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(14):2895-2903.
[9]NIE Ji-yun,LI Jing,YANG Zhen-feng,ZHANG Hong-jun,LI Ming-qiang.Study on the conditions for measuring stone cell content in pear flesh by freezing method[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2006,23(1):133-135.聂继云,李静,杨振锋,张红军,李明强.冷冻法测定梨的石细胞含量[J].果树学报,2006,23(1):133-135.
[10]GUAN Jun-feng.Fruits quality research[M].Shijiazhuang:Hebei Science andTechnology Press,2001:412-414.关军锋.果实品质研究[M].石家庄:河北科学技术出版社,2001:412-414.
[11]TANG Qi-yi,FENG Ming-guang.DPS data processing system-experimental design,statistical analysis and modeling[M].Beijing:Science Press,2006.唐启义,冯明光.DPS数据处理系统—实验设计、统计分析及模型优化[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
[12]MA Qing-hua,LI Yong-hong,LIANG Li-song,LI Qin,WANG Hai,XU Yuan-feng,SUN Yu-bo,WANG Gui-xi.Factor analysis and synthetical evaluation of the fruit quality of dongzao(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.‘Dongzao’)advanced selections[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2010,43(12):2491-2499.马庆华,李永红,梁丽松,李琴,王海,许元峰,孙玉波,王贵禧.冬枣优良单株果实品质的因子分析与综合评价[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(12):2491-2499.
[13]General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China.Fresh pears(GB/T10650-2008)[S].Beijing:China Standards Press,2008.中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局.鲜梨(GB/T10650-2008)[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[14]ZHANG Hai-ying,HAN Tao,WANG You-nian,LI Li-ping.Selection of factors for evaluating peach(Prunus persica)fruit quality[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2006,22(8):235-239.张海英,韩涛,王有年,李丽萍.桃果实品质评价因子的选择[J].农业工程学报,2006,22(8):235-239.
[15]DONG Xing-guang,TIAN Lu-ming,CAO Yu-fen,ZHANG Ying.Early pear variety survey and evaluation in the south of China[J].Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2012,25(5):1811-1817.董星光,田路明,曹玉芬,张莹.我国南方优势产区梨品种主要品质性状评价[J].西南农业学报,2012,25(5):1811-1817.
[16]HUANG Xin-zhong.Factors affecting the production and fruitquality of early pear variety in South China and the strategies[J].South China Fruits,2002,31(5):46-47.黄新忠.影响南方早熟梨产量与品质的主要因素及其对策[J].中国南方果树,2002,31(5):46-47.
[17]YUAN Jiang,ZHANG Shao-ling,WU Jun,CAO Yu-fen,WUTao,TIAN Lu-ming.Study on the fruit characteristics suitable for juice processing of pear cultivars belonging to Pyrus pyrifolia[J].Journalof Fruit Science,2009,26(6):797-803.袁江,张绍铃,吴俊,曹玉芬,伍涛,田路明.砂梨制汁特性及适应性评价[J].果树学报,2009,26(6):797-803.
[2]JIN Ai-xian,LI Xiu-gen.A study on the regionization of early-maturing pear in China[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2006,21(6):105-107.靳爱仙,李秀根.我国早熟梨品种区划研究[J].西北林学院学报,2006,21(6):105-107.
[3]LI Jing-ping,XIE Bang-chang.The method and application of multistat-analysis[M].Beijing:China Renmin University Press,2008.李静萍,谢邦昌.多元统计分析方法与应用[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2008.
[4]FAN Bao-guo,LI Deng-ke.Factor analysis and comprehensive assessment on quality characters of dry-jujube cultivars[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2011,12(5):716-720.樊保国,李登科.制干枣品种品质性状的因子分析与综合评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2011,12(5):716-720.
[5]NIE Ji-yun,WU Yong-long,LI Hai-fei,WANG Kun,XUGuo-feng,YAN Zhen,WU Xi.Evaluation system established for fresh apple juice quality[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2013,46(8):1657-1667.聂继云,毋永龙,李海飞,王昆,徐国锋,闫震,吴锡.苹果鲜榨汁品质评价体系构建[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(8):1657-1667.
[6]YU Jian-jun,GUO Wei,BI Qing-wen,WANG Hai-ming,LIGen,FENG Xian-qing.Factor analysis and comprehensive evaluation of main chemical components in flue-cured tobacco[J].Acta Agriculture zhejiang ensis,2010,22(2):244-248.于建军,郭玮,毕庆文,王海明,黎根,冯先情.烤烟主要化学成分因子分析和综合评价[J].浙江农业学报,2010,22(2):244-248.
[7]SHEN Yu-ying,DING Xia-jun,GAO Zhi-hong,WANG Fei,FANG Wei-min,TONG Zhao-guo,ZHANG Zhen.Analysis of genetic diversity in Prunus mume based on mathematic classification of morphologic characters[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2011,28(5):802-807.沈玉英,丁夏君,高志红,王飞,房伟民,佟兆国,章镇.基于表型性状数量分类的梅品种遗传多样性分析[J].果树学报,2011,28(5):802-807.
[8]NIE Ji-yun,LI Zhi-xia,LI Hai-fei,LI Jing,WANG Kun,WUYong-long,XU Guo-feng,YAN Zhen,WU Xi,QIN Xing.Evaluation indices for apple physicochemical quality[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2012,45(14):2895-2903.聂继云,李志霞,李海飞,李静,王昆,毋永龙,徐国锋,闫震,吴锡,覃兴.苹果理化品质评价指标研究[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(14):2895-2903.
[9]NIE Ji-yun,LI Jing,YANG Zhen-feng,ZHANG Hong-jun,LI Ming-qiang.Study on the conditions for measuring stone cell content in pear flesh by freezing method[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2006,23(1):133-135.聂继云,李静,杨振锋,张红军,李明强.冷冻法测定梨的石细胞含量[J].果树学报,2006,23(1):133-135.
[10]GUAN Jun-feng.Fruits quality research[M].Shijiazhuang:Hebei Science andTechnology Press,2001:412-414.关军锋.果实品质研究[M].石家庄:河北科学技术出版社,2001:412-414.
[11]TANG Qi-yi,FENG Ming-guang.DPS data processing system-experimental design,statistical analysis and modeling[M].Beijing:Science Press,2006.唐启义,冯明光.DPS数据处理系统—实验设计、统计分析及模型优化[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
[12]MA Qing-hua,LI Yong-hong,LIANG Li-song,LI Qin,WANG Hai,XU Yuan-feng,SUN Yu-bo,WANG Gui-xi.Factor analysis and synthetical evaluation of the fruit quality of dongzao(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.‘Dongzao’)advanced selections[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2010,43(12):2491-2499.马庆华,李永红,梁丽松,李琴,王海,许元峰,孙玉波,王贵禧.冬枣优良单株果实品质的因子分析与综合评价[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(12):2491-2499.
[13]General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China.Fresh pears(GB/T10650-2008)[S].Beijing:China Standards Press,2008.中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局.鲜梨(GB/T10650-2008)[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[14]ZHANG Hai-ying,HAN Tao,WANG You-nian,LI Li-ping.Selection of factors for evaluating peach(Prunus persica)fruit quality[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2006,22(8):235-239.张海英,韩涛,王有年,李丽萍.桃果实品质评价因子的选择[J].农业工程学报,2006,22(8):235-239.
[15]DONG Xing-guang,TIAN Lu-ming,CAO Yu-fen,ZHANG Ying.Early pear variety survey and evaluation in the south of China[J].Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2012,25(5):1811-1817.董星光,田路明,曹玉芬,张莹.我国南方优势产区梨品种主要品质性状评价[J].西南农业学报,2012,25(5):1811-1817.
[16]HUANG Xin-zhong.Factors affecting the production and fruitquality of early pear variety in South China and the strategies[J].South China Fruits,2002,31(5):46-47.黄新忠.影响南方早熟梨产量与品质的主要因素及其对策[J].中国南方果树,2002,31(5):46-47.
[17]YUAN Jiang,ZHANG Shao-ling,WU Jun,CAO Yu-fen,WUTao,TIAN Lu-ming.Study on the fruit characteristics suitable for juice processing of pear cultivars belonging to Pyrus pyrifolia[J].Journalof Fruit Science,2009,26(6):797-803.袁江,张绍铃,吴俊,曹玉芬,伍涛,田路明.砂梨制汁特性及适应性评价[J].果树学报,2009,26(6):797-803.