秦皇岛市售生菜、草莓中诺如病毒监测分析
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摘要
目的调查秦皇岛市诺如病毒污染的高风险食品生菜和草莓中诺如病毒的污染状况。方法 2015年9月至2016年6月采集市售的生菜201份、草莓136份,利用实时荧光RT-PCR法检测诺如病毒,在样品中添加Mengo病毒进行过程控制,并根据Mengo病毒标准曲线计算诺如病毒回收率。结果 Mengo病毒回收率均达到了ISO/TS15216-2-2013对病毒回收率>1%的要求。同时对201份生菜样品进行检测,检出诺如病毒阳性标本9份,总检出率为4.5%,其中GⅠ型检出率为0.5%(1/201); GⅡ型检出率为3.5%(7/201); GⅠ型和GⅡ型同时检出率为0.5%(1/201)。136份草莓样品中检出阳性标本4份,总检出率为2.9%,其中GⅠ型检出率为0.7%(1/136); GⅡ型检出率为2.2%(3/136)。结论秦皇岛市售蔬菜、浆果中部分存在诺如病毒污染,诺如病毒检出率在不同采样环节以及时间分布比较差异无统计学意义,需要进一步加强日常监测。
Objective To investigate the contamination status of Norovirus in high risk food lettuce and strawberry from markets in Qinhuangdao. Methods From September 2015 to June 2016, 201 lettuces and 136 strawberries were collected for detection of Norovirus by real-time fluorescent RT-PCR. Mengo virus was added to the sample to control the process, and the recovery rate of Norovirus was calculated according to the s tandard curve of Mengo virus. Results The recovery rate of Mengo virus had reached the requirement of ISO/TS 15216-2-2013 for the rate of more than 1% of the virus. At the same time, 201 lettuces were detected, 9 Norovirus positive samples were detected, the total detection rate was 4.5%, the detection rate of GI was 0.5%(1/201), the detection rate of GII was 3.5%(7/201) and the detection rate of GI and GII was 0.5%(1/201). Total of 136 strawberries, 4 were positive, with a total detection rate of 2.9%. The detection rate of GI was 0.7%(1/136) and GII was 2.2%(3/136). Conclusion Norovirus exists in some vegetables and berries sold in Qinhuangdao. Norovirus detection rate has no significant difference in different sampling stages and time distribution, so daily monitoring should be further strengthened.
Objective To investigate the contamination status of Norovirus in high risk food lettuce and strawberry from markets in Qinhuangdao. Methods From September 2015 to June 2016, 201 lettuces and 136 strawberries were collected for detection of Norovirus by real-time fluorescent RT-PCR. Mengo virus was added to the sample to control the process, and the recovery rate of Norovirus was calculated according to the s tandard curve of Mengo virus. Results The recovery rate of Mengo virus had reached the requirement of ISO/TS 15216-2-2013 for the rate of more than 1% of the virus. At the same time, 201 lettuces were detected, 9 Norovirus positive samples were detected, the total detection rate was 4.5%, the detection rate of GI was 0.5%(1/201), the detection rate of GII was 3.5%(7/201) and the detection rate of GI and GII was 0.5%(1/201). Total of 136 strawberries, 4 were positive, with a total detection rate of 2.9%. The detection rate of GI was 0.7%(1/136) and GII was 2.2%(3/136). Conclusion Norovirus exists in some vegetables and berries sold in Qinhuangdao. Norovirus detection rate has no significant difference in different sampling stages and time distribution, so daily monitoring should be further strengthened.
引文
[1]管锦绣,许喜林,翁文川.西生菜中低污染量GⅡ型诺如病毒的富集与定量检测研究[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2017,8(9):3536-3542.Guan JX,Xu XL,Weng WC.Enrichment and quantitative detection of low artificially contaminated GⅡtype norovirus in fresh romaine lettuce[J].J Food Saf Qual,2017,8(9):3536-3542.
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[4]邓丽丽,刘巍,谭冬梅,等.南宁市朝阳溪污水中诺如病毒污染状况分析[J].实用预防医学,2015,22(9):1033-1035.Deng LL,Liu W,Tan DM,et al.Contamination status of norovirus in the sewage of Chaoyang Stream in Nanning city[J].Pract Prev Med,2015,22(9):1033-1035.
[5]潘丽峰,刘青,刘丹,等.上海市浦东新区2011-2014年诺如病毒检测情况分析[J].中国病毒病杂志,2015,5(3):212-216.Pan LF,Liu Q,Liu D,et al.Detection and analysis of the norovirus infection from 2011 to 2014 in Pudong new district of Shanghai,China[J].Chin J Viral Dis,2015,5(3):212-216.
[6]李楠,王佳慧,李凤琴,等.检测鲜草莓中GⅡ型诺如病毒的两种富集方法比较[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2015,27(3):242-246.Li N,Wang JH,Li FQ,et al.Comparison of two enrichment methods on the detection of norovirus GⅡin strawberry[J].Chin J Food Hyg,2015,27(3):242-246.
[7]Hall AJ,Wikswo ME,Pringle K,et al.Vital signs:Foodborne norovirus outbreaks-United States,2009-2012[J].MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep,2014,63(22):491-495.
[8]Grove SF,Suriyanarayanan A,Puli B,et al.Norovirus cross-contamination during preparation of fresh produce[J].Int J Food Microbiol,2015,(198):43-49.
[9]刘慧,马丽萍,周德庆.生鲜食品中诺如病毒污染与作用受体的研究进展[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2017,8(1):1-5.Liu H,Ma LP,Zhou DQ.Research progress of Norovirus contamination and its binging receptors in fresh food[J].J Food Saf Qual,2017,8(1):1-5.
[10]孔翔羽,靳淼,段招军.诺如病毒与食源性疾病[J].中国临床医生杂志,2015,43(7):21-23.Kong XY,Jin M,Duan ZJ.Norovirus and foodborne diseases[J].Chin JClin,2015,43(7):21-23.
[11]谢雅晶,刘贤金.食源性诺如病毒在果蔬农产品中的污染及检测研究[J].病毒学报,2015,31(6):685-697.Xie YJ,Liu XJ.The advances in the contamination and detection of foodborne pathogen Noroviruses in fresh produce[J].Chin J Virol,2015,31(6):685-697.
[12]Bernard H,Faber M,Wilking H,et al.Large multistate outbreak of norovirus gastroenteritis associated with frozen strawberries,Germany,2012[J].Eur Surveill,2014,19(8):20719.
[13]ISO.ISO/TS-15216-1-2013 Microbiology of food and animal feed-horizontal method for determination of hepatitis A virus and norovirus in food using real-time RT-PCR Part 1:Method for quantification[S].
[14]袁巧,李晖,邓小玱,等.牡蛎中诺如病毒核酸两种提取方法比较[J].南方医科大学学报,2013,33(4):568-572.Yuan Q,Li H,Deng XL,et al.Comparison of two nucleic acid extraction methods for norovirus in oysters[J].J South Med Univ,2013,33(4):568-572.
[15]ISO.ISO/TS-15216-2-2013 Microbiology of food and animal feed-Horizontal method for determination of hepatitis A virus and norovirus in food using real-time RT-PCR Part 2:Method for qualitative detection[S].
[16]高世光,冯华炜,林天闻,等.草莓中诺如病毒和甲肝病毒的多重实时荧光逆转录PCR检测方法的建立[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2015,27(5):512-517.Gao SG,Feng HW,Lin TW,et al.Detection of norovirus and hepatitis a virus in strawberry by multiplex real-time fluorescent RT-PCR[J].Chin JFood Hyg,2015,27(5):512-517.
[17]骆海朋,高飞,于海瑶.北京市市售贝类、蔬菜、浆果、即食海产品中诺如病毒污染状况检测及检测方法探析[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2017,29(2):218-222.Luo HP,Gao F,Yu HY.Survey on the contamination of Norovirus in shellfish,vegetable,fruit and ready-to-eat seafood from markets in Beijing[J].Chin J Food Hyg,2017,29(2):218-222.
[2]Mesquita JR,Barclay L,Nascimento MS,et al.Novel Norovirus in dogs with diarrhea[J].Emerg Infect Dis,2010,(16):980-982.
[3]潘秀珍.诺如病毒相关研究进展[J].医学研究生学报,2015,28(3):225-228.Pan XZ.Advances in research related to Norovirus[J].J Med Postgra,2015,28(3):225-228.
[4]邓丽丽,刘巍,谭冬梅,等.南宁市朝阳溪污水中诺如病毒污染状况分析[J].实用预防医学,2015,22(9):1033-1035.Deng LL,Liu W,Tan DM,et al.Contamination status of norovirus in the sewage of Chaoyang Stream in Nanning city[J].Pract Prev Med,2015,22(9):1033-1035.
[5]潘丽峰,刘青,刘丹,等.上海市浦东新区2011-2014年诺如病毒检测情况分析[J].中国病毒病杂志,2015,5(3):212-216.Pan LF,Liu Q,Liu D,et al.Detection and analysis of the norovirus infection from 2011 to 2014 in Pudong new district of Shanghai,China[J].Chin J Viral Dis,2015,5(3):212-216.
[6]李楠,王佳慧,李凤琴,等.检测鲜草莓中GⅡ型诺如病毒的两种富集方法比较[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2015,27(3):242-246.Li N,Wang JH,Li FQ,et al.Comparison of two enrichment methods on the detection of norovirus GⅡin strawberry[J].Chin J Food Hyg,2015,27(3):242-246.
[7]Hall AJ,Wikswo ME,Pringle K,et al.Vital signs:Foodborne norovirus outbreaks-United States,2009-2012[J].MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep,2014,63(22):491-495.
[8]Grove SF,Suriyanarayanan A,Puli B,et al.Norovirus cross-contamination during preparation of fresh produce[J].Int J Food Microbiol,2015,(198):43-49.
[9]刘慧,马丽萍,周德庆.生鲜食品中诺如病毒污染与作用受体的研究进展[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2017,8(1):1-5.Liu H,Ma LP,Zhou DQ.Research progress of Norovirus contamination and its binging receptors in fresh food[J].J Food Saf Qual,2017,8(1):1-5.
[10]孔翔羽,靳淼,段招军.诺如病毒与食源性疾病[J].中国临床医生杂志,2015,43(7):21-23.Kong XY,Jin M,Duan ZJ.Norovirus and foodborne diseases[J].Chin JClin,2015,43(7):21-23.
[11]谢雅晶,刘贤金.食源性诺如病毒在果蔬农产品中的污染及检测研究[J].病毒学报,2015,31(6):685-697.Xie YJ,Liu XJ.The advances in the contamination and detection of foodborne pathogen Noroviruses in fresh produce[J].Chin J Virol,2015,31(6):685-697.
[12]Bernard H,Faber M,Wilking H,et al.Large multistate outbreak of norovirus gastroenteritis associated with frozen strawberries,Germany,2012[J].Eur Surveill,2014,19(8):20719.
[13]ISO.ISO/TS-15216-1-2013 Microbiology of food and animal feed-horizontal method for determination of hepatitis A virus and norovirus in food using real-time RT-PCR Part 1:Method for quantification[S].
[14]袁巧,李晖,邓小玱,等.牡蛎中诺如病毒核酸两种提取方法比较[J].南方医科大学学报,2013,33(4):568-572.Yuan Q,Li H,Deng XL,et al.Comparison of two nucleic acid extraction methods for norovirus in oysters[J].J South Med Univ,2013,33(4):568-572.
[15]ISO.ISO/TS-15216-2-2013 Microbiology of food and animal feed-Horizontal method for determination of hepatitis A virus and norovirus in food using real-time RT-PCR Part 2:Method for qualitative detection[S].
[16]高世光,冯华炜,林天闻,等.草莓中诺如病毒和甲肝病毒的多重实时荧光逆转录PCR检测方法的建立[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2015,27(5):512-517.Gao SG,Feng HW,Lin TW,et al.Detection of norovirus and hepatitis a virus in strawberry by multiplex real-time fluorescent RT-PCR[J].Chin JFood Hyg,2015,27(5):512-517.
[17]骆海朋,高飞,于海瑶.北京市市售贝类、蔬菜、浆果、即食海产品中诺如病毒污染状况检测及检测方法探析[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2017,29(2):218-222.Luo HP,Gao F,Yu HY.Survey on the contamination of Norovirus in shellfish,vegetable,fruit and ready-to-eat seafood from markets in Beijing[J].Chin J Food Hyg,2017,29(2):218-222.