植物超积累重金属的生理机制研究进展
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摘要
土壤重金属污染已经成为一个全球性问题。重金属超积累植物在修复土壤重金属污染中具有重要的应用前景。重金属超积累植物通常具备三个基本特征,即:根系具有从土壤中吸收重金属的强大能力、能从根到地上部分高效转运重金属、在叶片中能解毒和隔离大量重金属。本文总结了重金属超积累植物吸收、转运、隔离和解毒重金属的生理机制研究进展,以期为进一步阐明植物超积累重金属的机制及其在植物修复中的应用提供参考。
Heavy metal pollution in soil has become a global problem. Heavy metal hyperaccumulators have important application prospects in phytoremediation. They usually have the following three basic characteristics:the strong ability of roots to absorb heavy metals from the soil,efficient transportation of heavy metals from the roots to the aboveground parts,detoxification and isolation of large amounts of heavy metals in the leaves. This paper summarizes the research progress on the physiological mechanism of the absorption,transportation,isolation and detoxification of heavy metals in hyperaccumulating plants,in order to further elucidate the mechanism of heavy metal hyperaccumulation by plants and provide reference for its application in phytoremediation.
Heavy metal pollution in soil has become a global problem. Heavy metal hyperaccumulators have important application prospects in phytoremediation. They usually have the following three basic characteristics:the strong ability of roots to absorb heavy metals from the soil,efficient transportation of heavy metals from the roots to the aboveground parts,detoxification and isolation of large amounts of heavy metals in the leaves. This paper summarizes the research progress on the physiological mechanism of the absorption,transportation,isolation and detoxification of heavy metals in hyperaccumulating plants,in order to further elucidate the mechanism of heavy metal hyperaccumulation by plants and provide reference for its application in phytoremediation.
引文
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[20]?elik J,Aksoy A,Leblebici Z.Metal hyperaccumulat-ing Brassicaceae from the ultramafic area of Yahyal?in Kayseri province,Turkey[J].Ecol Res,2018,33(4):705-713.
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[22]Faucon M P,Shutcha M N,Meerts P.Revisiting cop-per and cobalt concentrations in supposed hyperaccumula-tors from SC Africa:influence of washing and metal con-centrations in soil[J].Plant Soil,2007,301(1/2):29-36.
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[29]Gallego S M,Pena L B,Barcia R A,et al.Unravel-ling cadmium toxicity and tolerance in plants:insight into regulatory mechanisms[J].Environ Exp Bot,2012,83(5):33-46.
[30]Rodriguez-Hernandez M C,Bonifas I,Alfaro-De la Torre M C,et al.Increased accumulation of cadmium and lead under Ca and Fe deficiency in Typha latifolia:a study of two pore channel(TPC1)gene responses[J].Environ Exp Bot,2015,115(6):38-48.
[31]Takahashi R,Ishimaru Y,Senoura T,et al.The OsN-RAMP1 iron transporter is involved in Cd accumulation in rice[J].J Exp Bot,2011,62(14):4843-4850.
[32]Bereczky Z,Wang H Y,Schubert V,et al.Differential regulation of nramp and irt metal transporter genes in wild type and iron uptake mutants of tomato[J].J Biol Chem,2003,278(27):24697-24704.
[33]Eapen S,D'Souza S F.Prospects of genetic engineer-ing of plants for phytoremediation of toxic metals[J].Biotechnol Adv,2005,23(2):97-114.
[34]Migeon A,Blaudez D,Wilkins O,et al.Genome-wide analysis of plant metal transporters,with an emphasis on poplar[J].Cell Mol Life Sci,2010,67(22):3763-3784.
[35]Assun??o A G L,Bleeker P,Wilma M,et al.Intra-specific variation of metal preference patterns for hy-peraccumulation in Thlaspi caerulescens:evidence from binary metal exposures[J].Plant Soil,2008,303(1/2):289-299.
[36]Hall J L.Cellular mechanisms for heavy metal detoxifica-tion and tolerance[J].J Exp Bot,2002,53(366):1-11.
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