一种薄管板简化有限元模型
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摘要
分析了锅壳锅炉薄管板受力情况,认为扳边是设备应力最大部位。针对薄管板受力特点,提出了一种对薄管板扳边部位应力进行数值分析计算的简化模型。在两种工况下对简化模型与3D结构离散化模型进行了有限元应力分析对比,结果表明两种模型对扳边部位应力的计算精度基本相当,满足工程实践的需求。薄管板应力计算简化模型结构简单,易于建模,而且模型规模远小于无简化模型,可以大幅减少计算时间,在直径大、换热管数量多的设备分析中优势更为明显。
Stress load of thin tube sheet of shell boiler is analyzed,and the stress maximizes at the folding edge as a result.Against the characteristic of thin tube-sheet and a simplified model for the finite element analysis of the stress in thin tube plate is presented.Finite element stress analysis and comparison are carried out for simplified model and 3 Dstructure discretization model under two working conditions.The results show that precision of the two models for folding edge stress calculation both meet the needs of engineering practice and has less difference.Simplified model of thin tube sheet with simple structure,easy modeling,and the model size is far less than unsimplified model,can significantly reduce the computation time and own more obvious advantages in the equipment analysis with large diameter and quantity of heat exchangers.
Stress load of thin tube sheet of shell boiler is analyzed,and the stress maximizes at the folding edge as a result.Against the characteristic of thin tube-sheet and a simplified model for the finite element analysis of the stress in thin tube plate is presented.Finite element stress analysis and comparison are carried out for simplified model and 3 Dstructure discretization model under two working conditions.The results show that precision of the two models for folding edge stress calculation both meet the needs of engineering practice and has less difference.Simplified model of thin tube sheet with simple structure,easy modeling,and the model size is far less than unsimplified model,can significantly reduce the computation time and own more obvious advantages in the equipment analysis with large diameter and quantity of heat exchangers.
引文
[1]余伟炜,高炳军.ANSYS在机械与化工装备中的应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006.YU W W,GAO B J.The use of ANSYS in machine and chemical industry[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,2006.
[2]热交换器:GB/T 151—2014[S].Heat exchangers:GB/T 151—2014[S].
[3]Standards of tubular exchangers manufacturers association,2007[S].
[4]ASME boiler and pressure vessel codeⅧdivision 1—2013[S].
[5]锅壳锅炉:GB/T 16508—2013[S].Shell boilers:GB/T 16508—2013[S].
[6]Technical rules for pressure vessels:AD 2000CODE[S].
[7]杨国义,刘玉斌.薄管板换热器强度设计探讨[J].石化技术,1999,6(1):24-26.YANG G Y,LIU Y B.Strength design study of thin tubesheet heat exchanger[J].Petrochemical industry technology,1999,6(1):24-26.
[8]杨国义,李永生.薄管板换热器强度试验研究[J].管道技术与设备,1993(3):9-10.YANG G Y,LI Y S.Strength experimental study of thin tubesheet[J].Pipeline technique and equipment,1993(3):9-10.
[9]王泽军.锅炉结构有限元分析[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005.WANG Z J.FEA of boiler structure[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2005.
[10]范钦珊,殷雅俊,唐靖林.材料力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2014.FAN Q S,YIN Y J,TANG J L.Mechanics of materials[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2014.
[11]徐芝纶.弹性力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.XU Z L.Elasticity[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006.
[12]压力容器:GB 150.1~150.4—2011[S].Pressure vessels:GB 150.1~150.4—2011[S].
[13]钢制压力容器——分析设计标准:JB 4732—1995[S].Steel pressure vessels——design by analysis:JB4732—1995[S].
[14]杨国义,陈志伟,侍吉清.局部区域布管固定管板热交换器应力的有限元分析[J].石油化工设备,2010,39(2):30-32.YANG G Y,CHEN Z W,SHI J Q.Stress analysis and evaluation for heat exchanger tubes arranged in local area of tubesheet[J].Petro-chemical equipment,2010,39(2):30-32.
[15]张型波,赵国栋,马一鸣.布管方式对管板热应力的影响[J].压力容器,2017,34(9):48-53.ZHANG X B,ZHAO G D,MA Y M.Effect of tube arrangement on thermal stress of tube sheet[J].Pressure vessel technology,2017,34(9):48-53.
[16]刘庆刚,刘玻江,朱海荣,等.管壳式热交换器扇环形管板开孔应力集中系数分析[J].石油化工设备,2018,47(1):20-25.LIU Q G,LIU B J,ZHU H R,et al.Stress concentration factor analysis of openings on an annular sector tube sheets used in a shell and tube heat exchanger[J].Petro-chemical equipment,2018,47(1):20-25.
[17]张型波,孙昊,赵明明.一种反向扳边挠性管板的应力分析[J].压力容器,2016,33(7):25-31.ZHANG X B,SUN H,ZHAO M M.Stress analysis of an reverse-edge fold flexibility tube sheet[J].Pressure vessel technology,2016,33(7):25-31.
[18]姚兴安,王海峰.钛热交换器胀焊接头胀接残余接触压力模拟计算[J].石油化工设备,2017,46(1):12-19.YAO X A,WANG H F.Study on residual contact stress for titanium-made heat-exchanger joint made by expansion and welding[J].Petro-chemical equipment,2017,46(1):12-19.
[2]热交换器:GB/T 151—2014[S].Heat exchangers:GB/T 151—2014[S].
[3]Standards of tubular exchangers manufacturers association,2007[S].
[4]ASME boiler and pressure vessel codeⅧdivision 1—2013[S].
[5]锅壳锅炉:GB/T 16508—2013[S].Shell boilers:GB/T 16508—2013[S].
[6]Technical rules for pressure vessels:AD 2000CODE[S].
[7]杨国义,刘玉斌.薄管板换热器强度设计探讨[J].石化技术,1999,6(1):24-26.YANG G Y,LIU Y B.Strength design study of thin tubesheet heat exchanger[J].Petrochemical industry technology,1999,6(1):24-26.
[8]杨国义,李永生.薄管板换热器强度试验研究[J].管道技术与设备,1993(3):9-10.YANG G Y,LI Y S.Strength experimental study of thin tubesheet[J].Pipeline technique and equipment,1993(3):9-10.
[9]王泽军.锅炉结构有限元分析[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005.WANG Z J.FEA of boiler structure[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2005.
[10]范钦珊,殷雅俊,唐靖林.材料力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2014.FAN Q S,YIN Y J,TANG J L.Mechanics of materials[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2014.
[11]徐芝纶.弹性力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.XU Z L.Elasticity[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006.
[12]压力容器:GB 150.1~150.4—2011[S].Pressure vessels:GB 150.1~150.4—2011[S].
[13]钢制压力容器——分析设计标准:JB 4732—1995[S].Steel pressure vessels——design by analysis:JB4732—1995[S].
[14]杨国义,陈志伟,侍吉清.局部区域布管固定管板热交换器应力的有限元分析[J].石油化工设备,2010,39(2):30-32.YANG G Y,CHEN Z W,SHI J Q.Stress analysis and evaluation for heat exchanger tubes arranged in local area of tubesheet[J].Petro-chemical equipment,2010,39(2):30-32.
[15]张型波,赵国栋,马一鸣.布管方式对管板热应力的影响[J].压力容器,2017,34(9):48-53.ZHANG X B,ZHAO G D,MA Y M.Effect of tube arrangement on thermal stress of tube sheet[J].Pressure vessel technology,2017,34(9):48-53.
[16]刘庆刚,刘玻江,朱海荣,等.管壳式热交换器扇环形管板开孔应力集中系数分析[J].石油化工设备,2018,47(1):20-25.LIU Q G,LIU B J,ZHU H R,et al.Stress concentration factor analysis of openings on an annular sector tube sheets used in a shell and tube heat exchanger[J].Petro-chemical equipment,2018,47(1):20-25.
[17]张型波,孙昊,赵明明.一种反向扳边挠性管板的应力分析[J].压力容器,2016,33(7):25-31.ZHANG X B,SUN H,ZHAO M M.Stress analysis of an reverse-edge fold flexibility tube sheet[J].Pressure vessel technology,2016,33(7):25-31.
[18]姚兴安,王海峰.钛热交换器胀焊接头胀接残余接触压力模拟计算[J].石油化工设备,2017,46(1):12-19.YAO X A,WANG H F.Study on residual contact stress for titanium-made heat-exchanger joint made by expansion and welding[J].Petro-chemical equipment,2017,46(1):12-19.