基于POI数据的郑州市文化设施的区位布局特征与影响因素研究
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摘要
以服务于居民的文化设施兴趣点为研究对象,采用标准差椭圆、核密度分析等方法,定量分析了2007年和2017年郑州市文化设施空间格局的演变,并从宏观的空间形态和微观的集聚中心2个方面对比分析了博物馆、图书馆、文化馆、美术馆、影剧院5类文化设施的区位布局特征;利用地理探测器,基于大规模实地调研数据引入居民行为因素探究对文化设施空间形态的影响,并针对郑州市文化设施规划发展的方向提出相关建议。研究表明:(1)10 a来郑州市文化设施增长迅猛,由传统文化形式占优势转变为审美艺术和休闲文化占优势;(2)不同类文化设施朝着均衡的方向发展;各类文化设施的集聚特征与其自身特点和城市实际发展情况相关。(3)居民可支配时间、消费习惯、居民文化水平等居民群体因素对文化设施分布的影响是不可忽视的,且不同因素对不同类文化设施的影响大小有较大差别。针对郑州市文化设施规划发展方向的建议:(1)加强市区东北部和东南部文化设施建设;(2)多注重审美艺术和休闲文化类设施的建设,迎合居民逐渐转变的精神与价值观趋向;(3)尝试文化设施的综合性布局和多用途开发;(4)在城市规划实践中综合考量不同居民群体对文化设施的需求程度和类型。
In this article, taking the Point of Interest(POI) of cultural facilities serviced for residents as the research objects. We used the Standard Deviation Ellipse and Kernel Density Analysis methods to quantitatively analyze the spatial pattern evolution of cultural facilities of Zhengzhou between 2007 and 2017, and then investigate the location characteristics of five kinds of cultural facilities(museums, libraries, cultural centers, art galleries and theaters) from the view of macroscopic spatial figure and the microcosmic centralization centers.Residents' behavioral factors are introduced to explore the formation and impact on cultural facilities spatial pattern based on a large-scale survey data, and some relevant suggestions are put forward in the view of the development of cultural facilities planning in Zhengzhou. The results show that: 1) In the past 10 years, the cultural facilities in Zhengzhou have been growing rapidly, and the advantages of traditional cultural forms in2007 have been changed into aesthetic and leisure culture in 2017. 2) From the analysis of spatial form and cluster center of five kinds of cultural facilities, compared with 10 years ago, different kinds of cultural facilities have developed in a balanced way. The agglomeration characteristics of various kinds of cultural facilities are related to their own characteristics and the actual development of Zhengzhou. 3) The population group factors such as residents' disposable time, consumption habits and residents' cultural level have important impacts on the distribution of cultural facilities, and the influence of these different factors on different types of cultural facilities is quite distinct. At the end of this article, we put forward several suggestions on the development direction of cultural facilities planning in Zhengzhou: 1) The construction of cultural facilities in the northeastern and southeastern parts of the city should been strengthened. 2) More attention should be paid to the construction of aesthetic art and cultural leisure facilities, in order to cater to the trend of people's changing spiritual needs and values. 3) The government can take comprehensive layout and multipurpose development of cultural facilities into account, which can help to improve the utilization efficiency of various facilities. 4) In the practice of urban planning, the demand and type of cultural facilities for different population groups should be taken into consideration.
In this article, taking the Point of Interest(POI) of cultural facilities serviced for residents as the research objects. We used the Standard Deviation Ellipse and Kernel Density Analysis methods to quantitatively analyze the spatial pattern evolution of cultural facilities of Zhengzhou between 2007 and 2017, and then investigate the location characteristics of five kinds of cultural facilities(museums, libraries, cultural centers, art galleries and theaters) from the view of macroscopic spatial figure and the microcosmic centralization centers.Residents' behavioral factors are introduced to explore the formation and impact on cultural facilities spatial pattern based on a large-scale survey data, and some relevant suggestions are put forward in the view of the development of cultural facilities planning in Zhengzhou. The results show that: 1) In the past 10 years, the cultural facilities in Zhengzhou have been growing rapidly, and the advantages of traditional cultural forms in2007 have been changed into aesthetic and leisure culture in 2017. 2) From the analysis of spatial form and cluster center of five kinds of cultural facilities, compared with 10 years ago, different kinds of cultural facilities have developed in a balanced way. The agglomeration characteristics of various kinds of cultural facilities are related to their own characteristics and the actual development of Zhengzhou. 3) The population group factors such as residents' disposable time, consumption habits and residents' cultural level have important impacts on the distribution of cultural facilities, and the influence of these different factors on different types of cultural facilities is quite distinct. At the end of this article, we put forward several suggestions on the development direction of cultural facilities planning in Zhengzhou: 1) The construction of cultural facilities in the northeastern and southeastern parts of the city should been strengthened. 2) More attention should be paid to the construction of aesthetic art and cultural leisure facilities, in order to cater to the trend of people's changing spiritual needs and values. 3) The government can take comprehensive layout and multipurpose development of cultural facilities into account, which can help to improve the utilization efficiency of various facilities. 4) In the practice of urban planning, the demand and type of cultural facilities for different population groups should be taken into consideration.
引文
[1]张景秋.北京市文化设施空间分布与文化功能研究[J].北京社会科学,2004,13(2):53-60.[Zhang Jingqiu.A study on spatial distribution of cultural facilities and cultural function in Beijing.Social Science of Beijing,2004,13(2):53-60.]
[2]Andrews Rhys.Civic culture and public service failure:An empirical exploration[J].Urban Studies,2007,44(4):845-863.
[3]Hasif Rafidee Bin Hasbollah,David Baldry.Conserving cultural values of heritage buildings from the facilities management perspective in Malaysia[J].Journal of Facilities Management,2014,12(2):172-183.
[4]Edagawa A.A study on the facility situation and the activity of the cultural facilities(the public culture halls)[J].Cultural Economics,2000,2(2):21-27.
[5]斯内德科夫.文化设施的多用途开发[M].梁学勇,等译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008.[Snedcof.Cultural facilities in mixed-use development.Translated by Liang Xueyong et al.Beijing:Chinese Architecture Industry Press,2008.]
[6]周尚意,姜苗苗,吴莉萍.北京城区文化产业空间分布特征分析[J].北京师范大学学报(社会科学版),2006(6):127-133.[Zhou Shangyi,Jiang Miaomiao,Wuliping.Characteristics of spatial distribution of cultural industry in Beijing urban area.Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences),2006(6):127-133.]
[7]魏宗财,甄峰,单樑,等.深圳市文化设施时空分布格局研究[J].城市发展研究,2007,14(2):8-13.[Wei Zongcai,Zhen Feng,Shan Liang et al.Study on the spatio-temporal distribution patterns of cultural facilities in Shenzhen.Urban Development Studies,2007,14(2):8-13.]
[8]薛东前,刘虹,马蓓蓓.西安市文化产业空间分布特征[J].地理科学,2011,31(7):775-780.[Xue Dongqian,Liu Hong,Ma Beibei.Characteristics of spatial distribution of cultural industries in urban area of Xi’an city,China.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2011,31(7):775-780.]
[9]浩飞龙,王士君.基于网络口碑的长春市文化娱乐场所空间布局研究[J].人文地理,2016,31(6):66-72.[Hao Feilong,Wang Shijun.Spatial distribution characteristics of entertainment venues in Changchun urban area based on the public praise from internet.Human Geography,2016,31(6):66-72.]
[10]田冬迪,芮建勋,陈能.上海市公共文化设施数量特征与空间格局研究[J].规划师,2011,27(11):24-28.[Tian Dongdi,Rui Jianxun,Chen Neng.Shanghai public cultural facility numerical character and spatial layout.Planners,2011,27(11):24-28.]
[11]张景秋.北京城区大型文化设施利用的空间分异研究[M].北京:中国书籍出版社,2008.[Zhang Jingqiu.A study on spatial differentiation of large-scale cultural facilities utilization in Beijing urban area.Beijing:Chinese Book Company,2008.]
[12]于绍璐,张景秋.北京城区文化设施利用的空间分异研究--以博物馆、体育馆、展览馆为例[J].北京社会科学,2010(3):73-77.[Yu Shaolu,Zhang Jingqiu.A study on spatial differentiation of cultural facility utilization in Beijing-A case study of museums,gymnasiums and galleries.Social Sciences of Beijing,2010(3):73-77.]
[13]郭淳彬.上海文化设施布局规划研究[J].上海城市规划,2012(3):33-37.[Guo Chunbin.Study on the spatial distribution planning of Shanghai cultural facilities.Shanghai Urban Planning Review,2012(3):33-37.]
[14]王雪梅.城市规划中的文化发展策略研究[D].北京:中央美术学院,2012.[Wang Xuemei.Study on the strategy of cultural development in urban planning.Beijing:Central Academy of Fine Arts,2012.]
[15]王颖莹.上海国际大都市文化设施发展策略与实施建议[J].规划师,2014,30(1):17-20.[Wang Yingying.Shanghai international city cultural facility development and layout.Planner,2014,30(1):17-20.]
[16]许泽宁,高晓路.基于电子地图兴趣点的城市建成区边界识别方法[J].地理学报,2016,71(6):928-939.[Xu Zening,Gao Xiaolu.A novel method for identifying the boundary of urban built-up areas with POI data.Acta Geographica Sinica,2016,71(6):928-939.]
[17]郑州市统计局.郑州统计年鉴(2016)[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2017.[Zhengzhou Statistical Bureau.Zhengzhou statistical yearbook.Beijing:China Statistical Press,2017.]
[18]Lefever.Measuring geographic concentration by means of the standard deviational ellipse[J].The American Journal of Sociology,1926(1):88-94.
[19]汤国安,杨昕.ArcGIS地理信息系统空间分析实验教程(第2版)[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.[Tang Guoan,Yang Xin.ArcGIS experimental course on spatial analysis of geographic information system(2nd ed).Beijing:Science Press,2012.]
[20]王远飞,何洪林.空间数据分析方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.[Wang Yuanfei,He Honglin.Spatial data analysis method.Beijing:Science Press,2007.]
[21]王劲峰,徐成东.地理探测器:原理与展望[J].地理学报,2017,72(1):116-134.[Wang Jinfeng,Xu Chengdong.Geodetector:Principle and prospective.Acta Geographica Sinica,2017,72(1):116-134.]
[22]Okabe A,Satoh T,Sugihara K.A kernel density estimation method for networks,its computational method and a GIS-based tool[J].International Journal of Geographical Information Science,2009,23(1):7-32.
[23]Clark W A V,M Cadwallader.Residential preferences:analternate view of intraurban space[J].Environment&Planning A,1975(5):693-703.
[24]胡志坚,李永威,马惠娣.我国公众闲暇时间文化生活研究[J].清华大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2003(6):53-58.[Hu Zhijian,Li Yongwei,Ma Huidi.The research on the Chinese cultural life during the leisure time.Journal of Tsinghua University(Philosophy and Social Sciences),2003(6):53-58.]
(1)郑东新区管委会.http://www.zhengdong.gov.cn
[2]Andrews Rhys.Civic culture and public service failure:An empirical exploration[J].Urban Studies,2007,44(4):845-863.
[3]Hasif Rafidee Bin Hasbollah,David Baldry.Conserving cultural values of heritage buildings from the facilities management perspective in Malaysia[J].Journal of Facilities Management,2014,12(2):172-183.
[4]Edagawa A.A study on the facility situation and the activity of the cultural facilities(the public culture halls)[J].Cultural Economics,2000,2(2):21-27.
[5]斯内德科夫.文化设施的多用途开发[M].梁学勇,等译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008.[Snedcof.Cultural facilities in mixed-use development.Translated by Liang Xueyong et al.Beijing:Chinese Architecture Industry Press,2008.]
[6]周尚意,姜苗苗,吴莉萍.北京城区文化产业空间分布特征分析[J].北京师范大学学报(社会科学版),2006(6):127-133.[Zhou Shangyi,Jiang Miaomiao,Wuliping.Characteristics of spatial distribution of cultural industry in Beijing urban area.Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences),2006(6):127-133.]
[7]魏宗财,甄峰,单樑,等.深圳市文化设施时空分布格局研究[J].城市发展研究,2007,14(2):8-13.[Wei Zongcai,Zhen Feng,Shan Liang et al.Study on the spatio-temporal distribution patterns of cultural facilities in Shenzhen.Urban Development Studies,2007,14(2):8-13.]
[8]薛东前,刘虹,马蓓蓓.西安市文化产业空间分布特征[J].地理科学,2011,31(7):775-780.[Xue Dongqian,Liu Hong,Ma Beibei.Characteristics of spatial distribution of cultural industries in urban area of Xi’an city,China.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2011,31(7):775-780.]
[9]浩飞龙,王士君.基于网络口碑的长春市文化娱乐场所空间布局研究[J].人文地理,2016,31(6):66-72.[Hao Feilong,Wang Shijun.Spatial distribution characteristics of entertainment venues in Changchun urban area based on the public praise from internet.Human Geography,2016,31(6):66-72.]
[10]田冬迪,芮建勋,陈能.上海市公共文化设施数量特征与空间格局研究[J].规划师,2011,27(11):24-28.[Tian Dongdi,Rui Jianxun,Chen Neng.Shanghai public cultural facility numerical character and spatial layout.Planners,2011,27(11):24-28.]
[11]张景秋.北京城区大型文化设施利用的空间分异研究[M].北京:中国书籍出版社,2008.[Zhang Jingqiu.A study on spatial differentiation of large-scale cultural facilities utilization in Beijing urban area.Beijing:Chinese Book Company,2008.]
[12]于绍璐,张景秋.北京城区文化设施利用的空间分异研究--以博物馆、体育馆、展览馆为例[J].北京社会科学,2010(3):73-77.[Yu Shaolu,Zhang Jingqiu.A study on spatial differentiation of cultural facility utilization in Beijing-A case study of museums,gymnasiums and galleries.Social Sciences of Beijing,2010(3):73-77.]
[13]郭淳彬.上海文化设施布局规划研究[J].上海城市规划,2012(3):33-37.[Guo Chunbin.Study on the spatial distribution planning of Shanghai cultural facilities.Shanghai Urban Planning Review,2012(3):33-37.]
[14]王雪梅.城市规划中的文化发展策略研究[D].北京:中央美术学院,2012.[Wang Xuemei.Study on the strategy of cultural development in urban planning.Beijing:Central Academy of Fine Arts,2012.]
[15]王颖莹.上海国际大都市文化设施发展策略与实施建议[J].规划师,2014,30(1):17-20.[Wang Yingying.Shanghai international city cultural facility development and layout.Planner,2014,30(1):17-20.]
[16]许泽宁,高晓路.基于电子地图兴趣点的城市建成区边界识别方法[J].地理学报,2016,71(6):928-939.[Xu Zening,Gao Xiaolu.A novel method for identifying the boundary of urban built-up areas with POI data.Acta Geographica Sinica,2016,71(6):928-939.]
[17]郑州市统计局.郑州统计年鉴(2016)[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2017.[Zhengzhou Statistical Bureau.Zhengzhou statistical yearbook.Beijing:China Statistical Press,2017.]
[18]Lefever.Measuring geographic concentration by means of the standard deviational ellipse[J].The American Journal of Sociology,1926(1):88-94.
[19]汤国安,杨昕.ArcGIS地理信息系统空间分析实验教程(第2版)[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.[Tang Guoan,Yang Xin.ArcGIS experimental course on spatial analysis of geographic information system(2nd ed).Beijing:Science Press,2012.]
[20]王远飞,何洪林.空间数据分析方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.[Wang Yuanfei,He Honglin.Spatial data analysis method.Beijing:Science Press,2007.]
[21]王劲峰,徐成东.地理探测器:原理与展望[J].地理学报,2017,72(1):116-134.[Wang Jinfeng,Xu Chengdong.Geodetector:Principle and prospective.Acta Geographica Sinica,2017,72(1):116-134.]
[22]Okabe A,Satoh T,Sugihara K.A kernel density estimation method for networks,its computational method and a GIS-based tool[J].International Journal of Geographical Information Science,2009,23(1):7-32.
[23]Clark W A V,M Cadwallader.Residential preferences:analternate view of intraurban space[J].Environment&Planning A,1975(5):693-703.
[24]胡志坚,李永威,马惠娣.我国公众闲暇时间文化生活研究[J].清华大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2003(6):53-58.[Hu Zhijian,Li Yongwei,Ma Huidi.The research on the Chinese cultural life during the leisure time.Journal of Tsinghua University(Philosophy and Social Sciences),2003(6):53-58.]
(1)郑东新区管委会.http://www.zhengdong.gov.cn