立体网状静电传感器空间灵敏特性研究
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摘要
提出一种全新的立体网状静电传感器,以克服现有静电传感器对流场内速度分布无法测量的不足。通过建立立体网状静电传感器的三维仿真模型,利用有限元分析法获得了立体网状静电传感器的灵敏度空间分布规律,并对其动态灵敏度进行了分析。结果表明:立体网状静电传感器具有局部敏感特性,对于管内颗粒分布比较敏感。而且由于其极棒间相互交错的特性,可以探测到颗粒的运动方向;传感器的动态灵敏度可以反映带电颗粒在各个极棒间的空间位置及其速度,即带电颗粒距离极棒交织点越近,速度越快,动态灵敏度越大。最后通过重力输送颗粒实验,证明理论分析的结果与实验结果一致,从而为立体网状静电传感器实现颗粒流动参数测量提供了理论依据。
A new three-dimensional grid shape electrostatic sensor is presented in this paper to overcome the shortage that existing electrostatic sensors can not measure the velocity distribution in flow field. Through establishing the 3D simulation model of the three-dimensional grid shape electrostatic sensor,using the finite element method,the spatial sensitivity distribution of the three-dimensional grid shape electrostatic sensor is obtained,and its dynamic sensitivity is analyzed. The results show that the three-dimensional grid shape electrostatic sensor has local sensitive characteristic and is particularly sensitive to the distribution of the particles in the pipe. Due to its interleaved feature among the electrode rods,the sensor can detect the particle motion direction. The dynamic sensitivity of the sensor can reflect the spatial position of the charged particles among the electrode rods and the velocity of the charged particles. That means the nearer the charged particles are apart from the interleaving points of the electrode rods,or the faster their velocity is,the greater the dynamic sensitivity of the sensor is. Finally,the gravity conveying particle experiment was conducted,and the results prove that the theoretical analysis and experiment results are consistent,which provides a theoretical basis for the particle flow parameter measurement with three-dimensional grid shape electrostatic sensor.
A new three-dimensional grid shape electrostatic sensor is presented in this paper to overcome the shortage that existing electrostatic sensors can not measure the velocity distribution in flow field. Through establishing the 3D simulation model of the three-dimensional grid shape electrostatic sensor,using the finite element method,the spatial sensitivity distribution of the three-dimensional grid shape electrostatic sensor is obtained,and its dynamic sensitivity is analyzed. The results show that the three-dimensional grid shape electrostatic sensor has local sensitive characteristic and is particularly sensitive to the distribution of the particles in the pipe. Due to its interleaved feature among the electrode rods,the sensor can detect the particle motion direction. The dynamic sensitivity of the sensor can reflect the spatial position of the charged particles among the electrode rods and the velocity of the charged particles. That means the nearer the charged particles are apart from the interleaving points of the electrode rods,or the faster their velocity is,the greater the dynamic sensitivity of the sensor is. Finally,the gravity conveying particle experiment was conducted,and the results prove that the theoretical analysis and experiment results are consistent,which provides a theoretical basis for the particle flow parameter measurement with three-dimensional grid shape electrostatic sensor.
引文
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[18]韩磊.静电探测机理与应用[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2012:82-86.HAN L.Static detection mechanism and application[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2012:82-86.
[19]辜新宇,郭际,施韶华,等.多通道精密时间间隔测量系统的研制[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2013,27(1):69-75.GU X Y,GUO J,SHI SH H,et al.Development of precise multi-channel time-interval measurement system[J].Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrument,2013,27(1):69-75.
[20]王树东,何明.Lab VIEW在数据采集系统中的应用研究[J].国外电子测量技术,2014,33(6):103-106.WANG SH D,HE M.Data acquisition system applied research based on Lab VIEW[J].Foreign Electronic Measurement Technology,2014,33(6):103-106.
[2]MURNANE S N,BARNES R N,WOODHEAD S R,et al.Electrostatic modeling and measurement of airborne particles concentration[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,1996,45(2):488-492.
[3]MATSUSAKA S,OKI M,MASUDA H.Bipolar charge distribution of a mixture of particles with different electrostatic characteristics in gas-solids flow[J].Powder Technology,2003,135:150-155.
[4]YAN Y.Mass flow measurement of pneumatically conveyed solids[D].University of Teesside,1992.
[5]WEN Z,MA X,ZUO H.Characteristics analysis and experiment verification of electrostatic sensor for aero-engine exhaust gas monitoring[J].Measurement,2014,47:633-644.
[6]XU CH L,LI J,WANG SH M.A spatial filtering velocimeter for solid particle velocity measurement based on linear electrostatic sensor array[J].Flow Measurement and Instrumentation,2012,26:68-78.
[7]刘鹏鹏,左洪福,付宇,等.航空发动机碰摩故障在线监测与诊断研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2013,34(7):1603-1608.LIU P P,ZUO H F,FU Y,et al.Study of on-line monitoring and diagnosis of aero-engine rubbing fault[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2013,34(7):1603-1608.
[8]郝晓辉,冯渊,崔占忠.基于正交静电探测阵列空中目标测速定向[J].仪器仪表学报,2014,35(3):566-571.HE X H,FENG Y,CUI ZH ZH.Determination of velocity and direction of air targets based on orthogonal electrostatic detection array[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2014,35(3):566-571.
[9]高鹤明,常琦,杨道业.基于非等网格灵敏场的静电层析成像技术[J].仪器仪表学报,2014,35(7):1441-1449.GAO H M,CHANG Q,YANG D Y.Electrostatic tomo-graphy based on the sensitivity map with unequal-mesh[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2014,35(7):1441-1449.
[10]葛欣宏,贺庚贤,宁飞,等.防静电地面的防静电电阻测量不确定度评定[J].电子测量技术,2013,36(2):16-18,42.GE X H,HE G X,NING F,et al.Uncertainty evaluation of anti-static floor’s anti-static resistance[J].Electronic Measurement Technology,2013,36(2):16-18,42.
[11]XU CH L,WANG SH M,TANG G H,et al.Sensing characteristics of electrostatic inductive sensor for flow parameters measurement of pneumatically conveyed particles[J].Journal of Electrostatics,1997,65(9):582-592.
[12]周宾,杨道业,汤光华,等.圆环式静电传感器的动态灵敏度分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(14):44-49.ZHOU B,YANG D Y,TANG G H,et al.Analysis on dynamic sensitivity of ring-shaped electrostatic sensor[J].Proceedings of CSEE,2008,28(14):44-49.
[13]LI J,XU CH L,WANG SH M.Local particle mean velocity measurement using electrostatic sensor matrix in gas-solid two-phase pipe flow[J].Flow Measurement and Instrument,2012,27:104-112.
[14]高鹤明,许传龙,王式民.阵列式静电传感器灵敏场分布特性[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(5):76-82.GAO H M,XU CH L,WANG SH M.Sensitivity distribution of electrodynamic sensor array[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(5):76-82.
[15]XU CH L,LI J,GAO H M,et al.Investigations into sensing characteristics of electrostatic sensor arrays through computational modelling and practical experimentation[J].Journal of Electrostatics,2012,70(1):60-71.
[16]SHAO J Q,KRABICKA J,YAN Y.Velocity measurement of pneumatically conveyed particles using intrusive electrostatic sensors[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2010,59(5):1477-1484.
[17]ZHANG J Q,YON Y.On-line continuous measurement of particle size using electrostatic sensors[J].Powder Technology,2003,135:164-168.
[18]韩磊.静电探测机理与应用[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2012:82-86.HAN L.Static detection mechanism and application[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2012:82-86.
[19]辜新宇,郭际,施韶华,等.多通道精密时间间隔测量系统的研制[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2013,27(1):69-75.GU X Y,GUO J,SHI SH H,et al.Development of precise multi-channel time-interval measurement system[J].Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrument,2013,27(1):69-75.
[20]王树东,何明.Lab VIEW在数据采集系统中的应用研究[J].国外电子测量技术,2014,33(6):103-106.WANG SH D,HE M.Data acquisition system applied research based on Lab VIEW[J].Foreign Electronic Measurement Technology,2014,33(6):103-106.