电磁变刚度半主动动力吸振结构的振动控制研究
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摘要
分析特殊结构变刚度动力吸振系统的移频和减振特性。提出一种电磁式变刚度结构,作用于传统动力吸振器以进一步改变主系统共振频率,实现振动宽频半主动控制。设计一种新型电磁变刚度结构的功能及支撑部件,在其内部形成闭合磁路,使转子在磁场作用下具有回复到平衡位置的特性。通过改变电流大小改变电磁力作用下结构刚度。基于结构设计,建立电磁变刚度结构磁路数学模型,并利用麦克斯韦应力张量理论,对磁场及输出转矩进行数学求解。利用Ansoft进行有限元模拟分析,计算输出力矩。加工实验样机并测量输出转矩,对比模拟值、数值求解值,发现结果具有良好的一致性。仿真和试验结果验证了所提出电磁变刚度半主动吸振控制的可行性。
A kind of electromagnetic structures with variable stiffness is proposed. It can be used to changing the resonant frequency of the controlled system through its specific installation and making it possible to realize semi-active control. Supporting and functional components of the electromagnetic structures with variable stiffness are designed. Closed magnetic path is stimulated when current is applied. The stiffness of the system can be changed by adjusting the value of the current. A mathematical model of the structures is established to calculate the magnet field and the output torque based on the Maxwell tensor method. Simulation is done to figure out the output torque using Ansoft code. A prototype is manufactured and the output torque is measured. The testing results show a high uniformity with the simulation and calculation results, which means that the mathematical model can be used in further studies. Simulation of the semi-active control system is done and it is proved effective.
A kind of electromagnetic structures with variable stiffness is proposed. It can be used to changing the resonant frequency of the controlled system through its specific installation and making it possible to realize semi-active control. Supporting and functional components of the electromagnetic structures with variable stiffness are designed. Closed magnetic path is stimulated when current is applied. The stiffness of the system can be changed by adjusting the value of the current. A mathematical model of the structures is established to calculate the magnet field and the output torque based on the Maxwell tensor method. Simulation is done to figure out the output torque using Ansoft code. A prototype is manufactured and the output torque is measured. The testing results show a high uniformity with the simulation and calculation results, which means that the mathematical model can be used in further studies. Simulation of the semi-active control system is done and it is proved effective.
引文
[1]HUNT J.Dynamic vibration absorbers[M].Mechanical Engineering Publications,London,1979.
[2]DENHARTOG J P.Mechanical vibrations[M].Mc GrawHill,New York,1985.
[3]殷永康,陈光冶.半主动动力吸振器的变刚度技术[J].机械科学与技术,2014,33(7):1000-1007.
[4]WALSH P L,LAMANCUSA J S.A variable stiffness vibration absorber for minimization of transient vibrations[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1992,158(2):195-21.
[5]NAGAYA K,KURUSU A,IKAI S,et al.Vibration control of a structure by using a tunable absorber and an optimal vibration absorber under auto-tuning control[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1999,228(4):773-792.
[6]DAVIS C L,LESIEUTRE G A.An actively tuned solidstate vibration absorber using capacitive shunting of piezoelectric stiffness[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2000,232(3):601-617.
[7]WILLIAMS K,CHIU G,BERNHARD R.Adaptivepassive absorbers usingshape-memory alloys[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2002,249(5):835-848.
[8]GINDER J M,SCHLOTTER W F,NICHOLS M E.Magnetorheologica elastomers in tunable vibration absorbers[C].Proceedings of SPIE,2001,4331:103-110.
[9]MIZUNO T,TAKASAKI M,KISHITA D,et al.Vibration isolation system combining zero-power magnetic suspension with springs[J].Control Engineering Practice,2007,15(2):187-196.
[10]冯肖肖.电磁式半主动吸振器设计及实验研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2013.
[11]张京军,龙荣,张海军,等.开关磁阻电机径向电磁力解析建模及有限元分析[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(4):700-704.
[12]杨艳,邓智泉,曹鑫,等.无轴承开关磁阻电机径向电磁力模型[J].电机与控制学报,2009,13(3):377-382+388.
[2]DENHARTOG J P.Mechanical vibrations[M].Mc GrawHill,New York,1985.
[3]殷永康,陈光冶.半主动动力吸振器的变刚度技术[J].机械科学与技术,2014,33(7):1000-1007.
[4]WALSH P L,LAMANCUSA J S.A variable stiffness vibration absorber for minimization of transient vibrations[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1992,158(2):195-21.
[5]NAGAYA K,KURUSU A,IKAI S,et al.Vibration control of a structure by using a tunable absorber and an optimal vibration absorber under auto-tuning control[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1999,228(4):773-792.
[6]DAVIS C L,LESIEUTRE G A.An actively tuned solidstate vibration absorber using capacitive shunting of piezoelectric stiffness[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2000,232(3):601-617.
[7]WILLIAMS K,CHIU G,BERNHARD R.Adaptivepassive absorbers usingshape-memory alloys[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2002,249(5):835-848.
[8]GINDER J M,SCHLOTTER W F,NICHOLS M E.Magnetorheologica elastomers in tunable vibration absorbers[C].Proceedings of SPIE,2001,4331:103-110.
[9]MIZUNO T,TAKASAKI M,KISHITA D,et al.Vibration isolation system combining zero-power magnetic suspension with springs[J].Control Engineering Practice,2007,15(2):187-196.
[10]冯肖肖.电磁式半主动吸振器设计及实验研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2013.
[11]张京军,龙荣,张海军,等.开关磁阻电机径向电磁力解析建模及有限元分析[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(4):700-704.
[12]杨艳,邓智泉,曹鑫,等.无轴承开关磁阻电机径向电磁力模型[J].电机与控制学报,2009,13(3):377-382+388.