X波段天气雷达电磁辐射对环境影响的评估
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摘要
为了定量分析X波段天气雷达电磁辐射对环境的影响,依据X波段天气雷达的主要性能参数,理论推导X波段天气雷达的电磁辐射特性,分析X波段雷达站点周边环境,对电磁辐射进行水平和垂直立体监测,理论计算和实际监测结果均表明X波段雷达电磁辐射大小满足《电磁环境控制限值》(GB8702—2014)和《辐射环境保护管理导则电磁辐射监测仪器和方法》(HJ/T10. 2—1996)的要求,电磁辐射水平低于公众曝露的控制限值。
In order to quantitatively analyze the effect of the electromagnetic radiation of X-band dual-polarization radar on the environment, on the basis of the main performance parameters of X-band weather radar, we derive electromagnetic radiation characteristics of X-band weather radar, and analyze the surrounding environment of X-band radar station. The electromagnetic radiation is monitored horizontally and vertically. The theoretical calculation and actual measurement results show that X-band radar electromagnetic radiation meets the requirements of the " Controlling Limits for Electromagnetic Environment"(GB8702 —2014) and the "Guidline on Management of Radioactive Environmental Protection Electromagnetic Radiation Monitoring Instruments and Methods"(HJ/T10. 2 —1996). The electromagnetic radiation level is lower than the public exposure control limit value.
In order to quantitatively analyze the effect of the electromagnetic radiation of X-band dual-polarization radar on the environment, on the basis of the main performance parameters of X-band weather radar, we derive electromagnetic radiation characteristics of X-band weather radar, and analyze the surrounding environment of X-band radar station. The electromagnetic radiation is monitored horizontally and vertically. The theoretical calculation and actual measurement results show that X-band radar electromagnetic radiation meets the requirements of the " Controlling Limits for Electromagnetic Environment"(GB8702 —2014) and the "Guidline on Management of Radioactive Environmental Protection Electromagnetic Radiation Monitoring Instruments and Methods"(HJ/T10. 2 —1996). The electromagnetic radiation level is lower than the public exposure control limit value.
引文
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国家环境保护局,1996a.辐射环境保护管理导则电磁辐射监测仪器和方法:HJ/T 10. 2—1996[S].北京:中国标准出版社:443-448. National Environmental Protection Agency, 1996a. Guideline on Management of Radioactive Environmental Protection Electromagnetic Radiation Monitoring Instruments and Methods:HJ/T 10. 2-1996[S]. Beijing:Standards Press of China:443-448(in Chinese).
国家环境保护局,1996b.辐射环境保护管理导则电磁辐射环境影响评价方法与标准:HJ/T 10. 3—1996[S].北京:中国标准出版社:456-457. National Environmental Protection Agency,1996b.Guideline on Management of Radioactive Environmental Protection Environmental Assessment Methods and Standards:HJ/T10. 3-1996[S]. Beijing:Standards Press of China:456-457(in Chinese).
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汪舵,刘黎平,吴翀,2017.基于相态识别的S波段双线偏振雷达最优化定量降水估测方法研究[J].气象,43(9):1041-1051. Wang D,Liu L P,Wu C,2017. An optimization rainfall algorithm of Sband dual-polarization radar based on hydrometeor identification[J]. Meteor Mon,43(9):1041-1051(in Chinese).
王峰,程小泉,许农,2007.新一代多普勒天气雷达电磁辐射污染分析[J].气象,33(9):107-111. Wang F,Cheng X Q,Xu N,2007.Analysis of electromagnetic radiation pollution of CINRAD[J].Meteor Mon,33(9):107-111(in Chinese).
王心鹏,吴文程,李冀刚,等,2016. X波段测波雷达电磁辐射测量方法与实例分析[J].海洋技术学报,35(2):34-37. Wang X P,Wu W C, Li J G,et al,2016. Study on the measuring method and case analysis for electromagnetic radiation of the X-band wave observation radar[J]. J Ocean Technol, 35(2):34-37(in Chinese).
武静雅,刘黎平,郑佳锋,2016.固态毫米波雷达探测模式的对比评估与分析[J].气象,42(7):790-798.Wu J Y,Liu L P,Zheng J F,2016. Contrast assessment and analysis of a solid-state millimeter wave radar modes[J]. Meteor Mon,42(7):790-798(in Chinese).
俞小鼎,姚秀萍,熊廷南,等,2006.多普勒天气雷达原理与业务应用[M].北京:气象出版社:19-46. Yu X D,Yao X P,Xiong T N,et al,2006. Doppler Weather Radar Principles and Applications[M]. Beijing:China Meteorological Press:19-46(in Chinese).
张培昌,杜秉玉,戴铁丕,2000.雷达气象学[M].北京:气象出版社:122-149. Zhang P C,Du B Y,Dai T P,2000. Radar Meteorology[M]. Beijing:China Meteorological Press:122-149(in Chinese).
赵志勇,杨国栋,刘明海,2009.新一代S波段多普勒天气雷达电磁辐射环境影响分析[J].中国辐射卫生,18(2):199-202. Zhao Z Y,Yang G D,Liu M H,2009. Electromagnetic radiation environmental impact analysis of the new generation S-band Doppler weather radar[J]. Chin J Radiol Health, 18(2):199-202(in Chinese).
郑启康,何敏玲,李与广,2016.佛山X波段天气雷达辐射对环境影响的定量分析[J].广东气象,38(5):64-66. Zheng Q K,He M L,Li Y G,2016. Electromagnetic radiation environmental impact analysis of X-band weather radar in Foshan[J]. Guangdong Meteor,38(5):64-66(in Chinese).
陈大任,陈刚,吴峥嵘,2010.基于体扫模式的组合RHI自动实现算法[J].气象,36(2):109-112. Chen D R,Chen G,Wu Z R,2010.Composite RHI auto-implementation algorithm based on volume scan mode[J]. Meteor Mon,36(2):109-112(in Chinese).
葛润生,朱小燕,2002.新一代天气雷达电磁辐射防护[J].气象科技,30(4):233-236. Ge R S,Zhu X Y,2002. Protection of electromagnetic radiation for new generation weather radar[J]. Meteor Sci Technol,30(4):233-236(in Chinese).
国家环境保护局,1996a.辐射环境保护管理导则电磁辐射监测仪器和方法:HJ/T 10. 2—1996[S].北京:中国标准出版社:443-448. National Environmental Protection Agency, 1996a. Guideline on Management of Radioactive Environmental Protection Electromagnetic Radiation Monitoring Instruments and Methods:HJ/T 10. 2-1996[S]. Beijing:Standards Press of China:443-448(in Chinese).
国家环境保护局,1996b.辐射环境保护管理导则电磁辐射环境影响评价方法与标准:HJ/T 10. 3—1996[S].北京:中国标准出版社:456-457. National Environmental Protection Agency,1996b.Guideline on Management of Radioactive Environmental Protection Environmental Assessment Methods and Standards:HJ/T10. 3-1996[S]. Beijing:Standards Press of China:456-457(in Chinese).
国家质量监督检验检疫总局,环境保护部,2015.电磁环境控制限值:GB 8702—2014[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社:1-4. General Administration of Quality Supervision Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Environmental Protection Department, 2015. Controlling Limits for Electromagnetic Environment:GB 8702-2014[S]. Beijing:China Environmental Science Press:1-4(in Chinese).
李柏,古庆同,李瑞义,等,2013.新一代天气雷达灾害性天气监测能力分析及未来发展[J].气象,39(3):265-280. Li B,Gu Q T,Li R Y,et al,2013. Analyses on disastrous weather monitoring capability of CINRAD and future development[J]. Meteor Mon,39(3):265-280(in Chinese).
廖玉芳,俞小鼎,吴林林,等,2008. S波段多普勒天气雷达旁瓣回波的特征分析[J].热带气象学报,24(2):183-188. Liao Y F,Yu X D,Wu L L,et al,2008. Characteristics of the hailstorm side-lobe echo from S-band Doppler weather radar[J]. J Trop Meteor, 24(2):183-188(in Chinese).
孙康远,郑嫒媛,慕瑞琪,等,2017.南京及周边地区雷达气候学分析[J].气象学报,75(1):178-192. Sun K Y,Zheng Y Y,Mu R Q,et al,2017. An analysis of radar climatology in Nanjing and its vicinity[J]. Acta Meteor Sin,75(1):178-192(in Chinese).
汪舵,刘黎平,吴翀,2017.基于相态识别的S波段双线偏振雷达最优化定量降水估测方法研究[J].气象,43(9):1041-1051. Wang D,Liu L P,Wu C,2017. An optimization rainfall algorithm of Sband dual-polarization radar based on hydrometeor identification[J]. Meteor Mon,43(9):1041-1051(in Chinese).
王峰,程小泉,许农,2007.新一代多普勒天气雷达电磁辐射污染分析[J].气象,33(9):107-111. Wang F,Cheng X Q,Xu N,2007.Analysis of electromagnetic radiation pollution of CINRAD[J].Meteor Mon,33(9):107-111(in Chinese).
王心鹏,吴文程,李冀刚,等,2016. X波段测波雷达电磁辐射测量方法与实例分析[J].海洋技术学报,35(2):34-37. Wang X P,Wu W C, Li J G,et al,2016. Study on the measuring method and case analysis for electromagnetic radiation of the X-band wave observation radar[J]. J Ocean Technol, 35(2):34-37(in Chinese).
武静雅,刘黎平,郑佳锋,2016.固态毫米波雷达探测模式的对比评估与分析[J].气象,42(7):790-798.Wu J Y,Liu L P,Zheng J F,2016. Contrast assessment and analysis of a solid-state millimeter wave radar modes[J]. Meteor Mon,42(7):790-798(in Chinese).
俞小鼎,姚秀萍,熊廷南,等,2006.多普勒天气雷达原理与业务应用[M].北京:气象出版社:19-46. Yu X D,Yao X P,Xiong T N,et al,2006. Doppler Weather Radar Principles and Applications[M]. Beijing:China Meteorological Press:19-46(in Chinese).
张培昌,杜秉玉,戴铁丕,2000.雷达气象学[M].北京:气象出版社:122-149. Zhang P C,Du B Y,Dai T P,2000. Radar Meteorology[M]. Beijing:China Meteorological Press:122-149(in Chinese).
赵志勇,杨国栋,刘明海,2009.新一代S波段多普勒天气雷达电磁辐射环境影响分析[J].中国辐射卫生,18(2):199-202. Zhao Z Y,Yang G D,Liu M H,2009. Electromagnetic radiation environmental impact analysis of the new generation S-band Doppler weather radar[J]. Chin J Radiol Health, 18(2):199-202(in Chinese).
郑启康,何敏玲,李与广,2016.佛山X波段天气雷达辐射对环境影响的定量分析[J].广东气象,38(5):64-66. Zheng Q K,He M L,Li Y G,2016. Electromagnetic radiation environmental impact analysis of X-band weather radar in Foshan[J]. Guangdong Meteor,38(5):64-66(in Chinese).