返回舱着水冲击过载近似模型建模与分析
|
摘要
返回舱着水是一个固、液、气相互作用的流固耦合过程,采用数值方法能够较准确地求解着水冲击过载,但其对计算时间和资源要求较高。针对这一问题,选择返回舱与海浪之间的相对运动参数为输入,返回舱质心过载峰值和到达峰值的时间为输出,采用拉丁超立方抽样(LHS)方法选择样本工况,以样本工况上的少量有限元计算结果为基础,采用克里金(Kriging)方法建立返回舱着水冲击过载的近似模型。采用近似模型计算20个检验工况下返回舱的着水冲击过载峰值,其相对于有限元模型计算结果的最大偏差在15m/s~2以下,均方根偏差与平均偏差在7m/s~2以下;对比近似模型和有限元模型5000次蒙特卡罗仿真的计算耗时,前者仅为后者的6.4%。偏差分析和效率对比表明:近似模型能够高效、准确地预测返回舱着水冲击过载峰值,可为安全着水初始条件设计、恶劣工况分析等提供一种有效的解决途径。
Water landing of reentry capsule is an interaction of structure,water and air,and the impact loads can be calculated accurately using numerical method,but the method needs much time and computational resources.Considering this issue,the metamodel of reentry capsule water landing impact loads is built with Kriging method using a few FEM calculation results.The LHS(Latin hypercube sampling)method is used to design the sample cases,which the kinematics parameters of reentry capsule relative to waves are selected as the input and peak loads of the reentry capsule centroid and time of peak loads arising are selected as the output.Reentry capsule water landing impact loads of twenty checkout landing cases are predicted by the metamodel,comparing with FEM results,the max errors are less than 15 m/s~2,and mean errors are less than 7 m/s~2.The computing time of 5000 times Monte Carlo simulation based on metamodel and FEM is com-pared,and the metamodel time is only 6.4% of FEM time.Error analysis and efficiencycomparison indicate that the metamodel can predict the peak of reentry capsule water landing impact loads efficiently and accurately,and is a feasible way for safe water landing initial condition design as well as terrible water landing case analysis.
Water landing of reentry capsule is an interaction of structure,water and air,and the impact loads can be calculated accurately using numerical method,but the method needs much time and computational resources.Considering this issue,the metamodel of reentry capsule water landing impact loads is built with Kriging method using a few FEM calculation results.The LHS(Latin hypercube sampling)method is used to design the sample cases,which the kinematics parameters of reentry capsule relative to waves are selected as the input and peak loads of the reentry capsule centroid and time of peak loads arising are selected as the output.Reentry capsule water landing impact loads of twenty checkout landing cases are predicted by the metamodel,comparing with FEM results,the max errors are less than 15 m/s~2,and mean errors are less than 7 m/s~2.The computing time of 5000 times Monte Carlo simulation based on metamodel and FEM is com-pared,and the metamodel time is only 6.4% of FEM time.Error analysis and efficiencycomparison indicate that the metamodel can predict the peak of reentry capsule water landing impact loads efficiently and accurately,and is a feasible way for safe water landing initial condition design as well as terrible water landing case analysis.
引文
[1]戚发轫,朱仁璋,李颐黎.载人航天器技术[M].2版.北京:国防工业出版社,2003:17-18Qi Faren,Zhu Renzhang,Li Yili.Manned spacecraft technology[M].2nd ed.Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2003:17-18(in Chinese)
[2]Lawrence Charles,Littell Justin D,Fasanella Edwin L.Orion crew member injury predictions during land and water landings,NASA/TM-2008-215171[R].Washington D.C.:NASA,2007
[3]Johnston R S,Dietlein L F,Berry C A.Biomedical results of Apollo,NASA-SP-368[R].Washington D.C.:NASA,1975
[4]Woods W D.How Apollo flew to the moon[M].Berlin:Springer,2007
[5]房红军,杨雷.载人飞船返回舱着水冲击问题研究进展[J].载人航天,2013,19(6):76-83Fang Hongjun,Yang Lei.Review on water landing impact problems of manned reentry capsules[J].Manned Spaceflight,2013,19(6):76-83(in Chinese)
[6]Bryan K Smith,Richard Bouchard,Chung-Chu Teng,et al.Assessment of ocean wave model used to analyze the Constellation Program(CxP)Orion project crew module water landing conditions,NASA/TM-2009-215752[R].Washington D.C.:NASA,2009
[7]陈余军,周志成,曲广吉.多学科设计优化技术在卫星设计中的应用[J].航天器工程,2013,22(3):16-24Chen Yujun,Zhou Zhicheng,Qu Guangji.Application of multidisciplinary design optimization in satellite design[J].Spacecraft Engineering,2013,22(3):16-24(in Chinese)
[8]李恩颖.近似模型优化体系关键技术研究及应用[D].长沙:湖南大学,2009Li Enying.The key of research and application of metamodel-based optimization[D].Changsha:Hunan University,2009(in Chinese)
[9]穆雪峰,姚卫星,余雄庆,等.多学科设计优化中常用代理模型的研究[J].计算力学学报,2005,22(5):608-612Mu Xuefeng,Yao Weixing,Yu Xiongqing,et al.A survey of surrogate models used in MDO[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics,2005,22(5):608-612(in Chinese)
[10]Arthur M Whitnah,D B Howes.Statistics concerning the Apollo command module water landing,including the probability of occurrence of various impact conditions,successful impact,and body X-axis loads,NASATM-X-2430[R].Washington D.C.:NASA,1971
[11]游海龙,贾新章,张小波,等.试验设计与仿真相结合构造集成电路元模型的方法研究[J].电子学报,2006,36(6):1159-1162You Hailong,Jia Xinzhang,Zhang Xiaobo,et al.Study on the method of the design of experiment integrated with simulation for constructing the integrated circuit metamodel[J].Acta Electronica Sinica,2006,36(6):1159-1162(in Chinese)
[12]Jared L Deutsch,Clayton V Deutsch.Latin hypercube sampling with multi-dimensional uniformity[J].Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference,2012,142:763-772
[13]Anoop A Mullur,Achille Messac.Metamodeling using extended radial basis functions:a comparative approach[J].Engineering with Computers,2006,21:203-217
[14]吴宗敏.散乱数据拟合的模型、方法和理论[M].北京:科学出版社,2007Wu Zongmin.Model,method and theory of fitting disheveled data[M].Beijing:Science Press,2007(in Chinese)
[15]S?ren N Lophaven,Hans Bruun Nielsen,Jacob S?ndergaard.DACE-a Matlab Kriging toolbox,Technical Report IMM-TR-2002-12[R].Kongens Lyngby:Technical University of Denmark,2002
[16]NASA.Human integration design handbook(HIDH),NASA/SP-2010-3407[S].Washington D.C.:NASA,2010
[2]Lawrence Charles,Littell Justin D,Fasanella Edwin L.Orion crew member injury predictions during land and water landings,NASA/TM-2008-215171[R].Washington D.C.:NASA,2007
[3]Johnston R S,Dietlein L F,Berry C A.Biomedical results of Apollo,NASA-SP-368[R].Washington D.C.:NASA,1975
[4]Woods W D.How Apollo flew to the moon[M].Berlin:Springer,2007
[5]房红军,杨雷.载人飞船返回舱着水冲击问题研究进展[J].载人航天,2013,19(6):76-83Fang Hongjun,Yang Lei.Review on water landing impact problems of manned reentry capsules[J].Manned Spaceflight,2013,19(6):76-83(in Chinese)
[6]Bryan K Smith,Richard Bouchard,Chung-Chu Teng,et al.Assessment of ocean wave model used to analyze the Constellation Program(CxP)Orion project crew module water landing conditions,NASA/TM-2009-215752[R].Washington D.C.:NASA,2009
[7]陈余军,周志成,曲广吉.多学科设计优化技术在卫星设计中的应用[J].航天器工程,2013,22(3):16-24Chen Yujun,Zhou Zhicheng,Qu Guangji.Application of multidisciplinary design optimization in satellite design[J].Spacecraft Engineering,2013,22(3):16-24(in Chinese)
[8]李恩颖.近似模型优化体系关键技术研究及应用[D].长沙:湖南大学,2009Li Enying.The key of research and application of metamodel-based optimization[D].Changsha:Hunan University,2009(in Chinese)
[9]穆雪峰,姚卫星,余雄庆,等.多学科设计优化中常用代理模型的研究[J].计算力学学报,2005,22(5):608-612Mu Xuefeng,Yao Weixing,Yu Xiongqing,et al.A survey of surrogate models used in MDO[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics,2005,22(5):608-612(in Chinese)
[10]Arthur M Whitnah,D B Howes.Statistics concerning the Apollo command module water landing,including the probability of occurrence of various impact conditions,successful impact,and body X-axis loads,NASATM-X-2430[R].Washington D.C.:NASA,1971
[11]游海龙,贾新章,张小波,等.试验设计与仿真相结合构造集成电路元模型的方法研究[J].电子学报,2006,36(6):1159-1162You Hailong,Jia Xinzhang,Zhang Xiaobo,et al.Study on the method of the design of experiment integrated with simulation for constructing the integrated circuit metamodel[J].Acta Electronica Sinica,2006,36(6):1159-1162(in Chinese)
[12]Jared L Deutsch,Clayton V Deutsch.Latin hypercube sampling with multi-dimensional uniformity[J].Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference,2012,142:763-772
[13]Anoop A Mullur,Achille Messac.Metamodeling using extended radial basis functions:a comparative approach[J].Engineering with Computers,2006,21:203-217
[14]吴宗敏.散乱数据拟合的模型、方法和理论[M].北京:科学出版社,2007Wu Zongmin.Model,method and theory of fitting disheveled data[M].Beijing:Science Press,2007(in Chinese)
[15]S?ren N Lophaven,Hans Bruun Nielsen,Jacob S?ndergaard.DACE-a Matlab Kriging toolbox,Technical Report IMM-TR-2002-12[R].Kongens Lyngby:Technical University of Denmark,2002
[16]NASA.Human integration design handbook(HIDH),NASA/SP-2010-3407[S].Washington D.C.:NASA,2010