黄河下游宽河道窄槽整治对冲刷量的影响
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摘要
黄河下游宽河道经缩窄整治后,其冲刷量是增加还是减少,关系到如何看待宽河道整治对其下游窄河段的影响。由于宽河道的塌滩具有随机性,清水冲刷期,黄河下游宽河道经缩窄整治后,冲刷量是否会增加这一重要问题从理论上计算分析十分困难。通过对相同时期不同断面套绘对比分析的方法,发现窄的断面,其冲刷量因为塌滩减少而减少,断面冲刷面积和断面宽度之间基本上呈正比关系,从而得出了黄河下游宽河道若整治成窄槽,其冲刷量将不是增加,而是减少的重要结论。
It is an important question that when the wide reaches in the Lower Yellow River are narrowed, the amount of scour will increase or decrease, which concerns the influence of channel regulation in the wide reaches on the lower narrowing reaches. However, this important question has not been studied clearly, and cannot be calculated and analyzed theoretically, due to randomness of bank collapse of the wide reaches in clear water period. Based on the contrastive analysis method of different cross-sections in the same period, the erosion amount will be decreased along with the decrease of bank collapse in narrow cross-sections, and there is an inverse correlation in general between scouring area and section width. The conclusion is that the amount of scour will be reduced, if the wide reaches in the Lower Yellow River are narrowed.
It is an important question that when the wide reaches in the Lower Yellow River are narrowed, the amount of scour will increase or decrease, which concerns the influence of channel regulation in the wide reaches on the lower narrowing reaches. However, this important question has not been studied clearly, and cannot be calculated and analyzed theoretically, due to randomness of bank collapse of the wide reaches in clear water period. Based on the contrastive analysis method of different cross-sections in the same period, the erosion amount will be decreased along with the decrease of bank collapse in narrow cross-sections, and there is an inverse correlation in general between scouring area and section width. The conclusion is that the amount of scour will be reduced, if the wide reaches in the Lower Yellow River are narrowed.
引文
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[14] 于守兵.黄河下游游荡性河道双岸整治面临的问题[J].水利水电科技进展,2016,36(5):81-86.
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[19] 孙赞盈,李勇.2007年黄河下游河床演变特点及不同量级流量过程冲淤特性[R].郑州:黄河水利科学研究院,2008.
[20] 宾光楣.对黄河下游河道整治中几个问题的浅见[J].人民黄河,1980(4):28-34+89.
[2] 严恺.黄河下游治理计划[R].郑州:黄河水利委员会,1958.
[3] 钱宁,周文浩.黄河下游河床演变[M].北京:科学出版社,1965.
[4] 黄河水利委员会黄河志总编辑室. 历代治黄文选(下)[M].郑州:河南人民出版社,1989.
[5] 杨明.极简黄河史[M].桂林:漓江出版社,2016:183.
[6] 高航,齐璞,彭红.黄河下游“多来多排”的输沙机理与不淤河槽设计[J].人民黄河,2007(7):14-16+80.
[7] 齐璞,孙赞盈,齐洪海.黄河下游泄洪输沙潜力和高效排洪通道构建[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,2010.
[8] 马晓阳,杜正礼,岳志春,等.动态流域模拟模型在黄河宁夏段流域水沙规律研究中的应用[J].水资源保护,2014,30(6):31-34+74.
[9] 刘晓燕.黄河黄河水沙近年锐减原因[M].北京:科学出版社,2015:285.
[10] 姚文艺,高亚军,安催花,等.百年尺度黄河上中游水沙变化趋势分析[J].水利水电科技进展,2015,35(5):112-120.
[11] 齐璞,孙赞盈,齐宏海.黄河下游防洪形势变化与治理前景展望[J].泥沙研究,2016(1):58-62.
[12] 刘成,何耘,刘桉.河流输沙量变化的主要驱动因素[J].水利水电科技进展,2017,37(1):1-7.
[13] 齐璞,孙赞盈,于守兵.黄河下游游荡河段自然形成的稳定河道对黄河治理的启示[J].水利水电科技进展,2014,34(6):45-48.
[14] 于守兵.黄河下游游荡性河道双岸整治面临的问题[J].水利水电科技进展,2016,36(5):81-86.
[15] 黄河水利委员会.王化云治河文集[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,1997:272.
[16] 赵业安. 21世纪黄河治理开发战略与发展前景[R].郑州:黄河水利科学研究院,1996.
[17] 刘月兰.黄河下游艾山以上河道调沙特性分析[C]//河南省首届泥沙研究讨论会论文集.郑州:黄河水利出版社,1995:20-27.
[18] 胡一三,张红武,刘贵芝,等.黄河下游游荡性河段河道整治[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,1998:137-144.
[19] 孙赞盈,李勇.2007年黄河下游河床演变特点及不同量级流量过程冲淤特性[R].郑州:黄河水利科学研究院,2008.
[20] 宾光楣.对黄河下游河道整治中几个问题的浅见[J].人民黄河,1980(4):28-34+89.